254 UNIVERSALITY OF MAGNETISM. 



through the entire series up to man, have, all of them, 

 distinct magnetic or diamagnetic relations. 



" It is a curious sight/' says Dr. Faraday, " to see a 

 piece of wood or of beef, or an apple, or a bottle of water 

 repelled by a magnet, or, taking the leaf of a tree, and 

 hanging it up between the poles, to observe it take an 

 equatorial position. Whether any similar effects occur 

 in nature among the myriads of forms which, upon all 

 parts of its surface, are surrounded by air, and are sub- 

 ject to the action of lines of magnetic force, is a ques- 

 tion which can only be answered by future observa- 

 tion."* 



At present, the bodies which are known to exhibit 

 decided ferro-magnetic properties are the following, 

 which stand arranged in the order of their intensity : 



Iron, Nickel, Cobalt, Manganese, 

 Chromium, Cerium, Titanium, 

 Palladium, Platinum, Osmium. 



It is interesting to know that there are evidences 

 that two bodies which, when separate, are not magnetic, 

 as iron is, become so when combined. Copper and 

 zinc are both of the diamagnetic class, but many kinds 

 of brass are discovered to be magnetic. 



The salts of the above metals are, to a greater or less 

 extent, ferro-magnetic, but they may be rendered neutral 

 by water, which is a diamagnetic body, being repelled 

 by the magnet. It will be unnecessary, here, to enume- 

 rate the class of bodies which are diamagnetic ; indeed, 

 all not included in the preceding list may be considered 

 as belonging to that class, with the exception of gases 



fore, at all unlikely that many of the masses which form the crust 

 of this our globe, may have an excess of diamagnetic power, and 

 act accordingly." On new magnetic actions, and on the magnetic 

 condition of all matter; by Michael Faraday, D.C.L., F.B.S., &c. 

 Philosophical Transactions, Jan. 1846, vol. cxxxvii. p. 41. 

 * Ibid. 



