OU] -AY. 



thus, amfoun, the accent being on tin- i n< it unotln-r 



way of marking the same : u of a short 



';t lino, as ", tiiid it curvi-, us ". 

 r accontod nyllablo fur hutui:.'.-, il.M-triiiii ; tint lutt<-r 



:.'(.', doimnn-i. 



us BOO tlmt do.-tniKi :in<l d<--trin:i, doininus ulid domimu 

 ut th, i s;inn- tiling iKiinrly, that in proin.uneii.},' . 



1 uii tlio i, and in pronouncing 

 d.Iminus it must l)i- Liid on ' 



' must be- pointed out. In L:itin, as will 

 i]yl>< liMriit, tlio undines of words have a good deal to 

 vl,. witli tlu-ir mt-aniiiK's. It is, on that account, usual to pro- 

 nounce tin-in ut lc:i-t very di-t im-tly. Indeed, wo might say, 

 that on every terminatiin,' syllable a sort of secondary u 



I'lius, ddininus is pronounced dominux. So in otlicr forms 

 word : thus, domini, domino, domini'im. Throl.j 

 mark tho distinction between, say, dominus and domino, a dis- 

 :i of great consequcnco. Anoth- this word is 



domino*. For tho same reason a stress ia laid on tho termiiui- 

 tion cs, which accordingly is pronounced as if it were written 

 Words, too, which end in es have a secondary accent on 

 tin- ( ; as vulprs, (i /or, pronounced vulpees. In a few coses the 

 vo\M'l is what wo call doubtful, that is, it is sometimes short 

 mi-times long. This peculiarity is inarkod thus, as in 

 tenchrao, darkness, when tho accent may bo on tho penult, as 

 tcnclirae, or on tho antepenult, as tcnebrao. Observe, also, that 

 a vowel at tho end of a word is always pronounced in Latin. 

 T:iki>, as an example, doci-re, to teach, which is pronounced as it 

 is marked, that is, with an accent on the last syllable no less 

 than on the lost syllable but one. Caro must be taken to pro- 

 nounce docere as a word of three syllables, do-ce-re, and not 

 do-cere, as if it were a word of two syllables only, remembering, 

 as wo have observed before, that tho Latin language has no 

 silent e, as we have : for instance, in wife. The reader may 

 practise himself, according to these rules, in pronouncing thus 

 the opening linos of that fine poem, Virgil's " JCneid." The 

 translation made by tho English poet Dryden gives a fair idea 

 of the meaning of the original. 



" Arma viriimque cauo, Trojae qm primus ab oris 

 Italiiim, fato profugiia, Laviuia v^uit 

 Littoitt; mult[uin] ill[e] t!t terris jactatus et alto, 

 VI superum, sa<5vne momore'ui Junouis ob ir.un ; 

 Malta qnoqu[e] et bcUlo pdssus dura couderet urbcin, 

 Inft-rivtquu Deos Lutio ; genus undo Latinuui, 

 Albuuiquo patres, iitqu[e] altae muonia liomae." 

 " Arms aud the man I sing, wbo, forced by fate, 

 Aud Imuglity Juno's unrelenting hate, 

 Expelled and exiled, left the Trojan shore. 

 Long labours, both by sea and land, he bore, 

 Ainl in the doubtful war, before he won 

 The Latiu realm, and built the destined town 

 His banished gods restored to rites divine, 

 Aud settled sure succession iu his line, 

 From whence tho race of Alban fathers came, 

 And tho long glories of majestic Kome." 



Tn tho above piece of Latin poetry will be noticed some 

 letters enclosed by brackets. By certain rules which will be 

 found in Latin prosody, these letters are dropped, or not 

 sounded, under certain conditions of position in Latin poetry, 

 although they are sounded distinctly in Latin prose. In pro- 

 nouncing tho third line, wo must cut off the um in multum 

 before the vowel i in ille ; and the e in illo before tho e in et. 

 Also in tho fifth lino drop the e in quoque before the e in et. 

 In the last lino, too, tho e in atque is dropped or elided before 

 the vowel o in altae, and the two words are run into one, and 

 pronounced as if written atqualtae. Accuracy of pronunciation, 

 however, is not easily acquired from any written or printed 

 directions. The living tongue is tho only adequate teacher. 

 And it will be well for tho reader to get some grammar-school- 

 boy to road to him and hear him read tho passage given above 

 from Virgil, and tho exercises, or some of them, which will be 

 found in future lessons. Although the pronunciation of Latin 

 is of secondary importance, yet it is well to be as correct as 

 possible, if only from the consideration that what is worth 

 doing at all, is worth doing well. But should any one, as he 

 justifiably may, hope by these lessons to prepare himself for 

 becoming even a teacher of Latin say in a school he would 

 in that capacity find tho pronunciation considered as a matter 

 of consequence ; indeed, a disproportionate valU9 is, especially 



id grammar schools, **%fht^ ttr the urtahHriiaJ mftimfa 

 .- all, we cannot pronounce the Latin ae it 



was pronounced by tho Latins themselves, nor can the best trained 

 lips pronounce their poetry so as to reproduce iU music. 



OUR JloI.JDAY. 



possession of a healthful frame and strengtb of nmeole 

 ami Hi nu w ia absolutely necessary to all who desire to make the 

 most of their mental powers, we hare thought it deeirable to 

 devote a portion of the POPULAR EDUCATOR to a aeriee of 

 papers on what is generally termed Physical Education, or, in 

 other words, tho culture of tho powers of the body. 



itond, therefore, to take "Our Holiday" at regular 

 intervals, and invite our readers on these occasions to dismias 

 all thoughts of graver studies for a while, and enter heartily into 

 tho consideration of the art of developing the strength, endu- 

 rance, and agility of tho humai. form by properly regulated 

 gymnastic exercises and athletic sports and games. 



We will take first a game which on its introduction into this 

 country a few years ago attracted special attention 



LA CUO.SSE, TH>: NATIONAL GAME OF CANADA, 



a game lately introduced into this country from the " New 

 Dominion," where it occupies a position like that so long held 

 by cricket in England. It is of Indian origin, and has been 

 played hero by a party of Indians brought over for the purpose. 

 It is a ball game, and derives its name from the implement used 

 in striking the ball, which is a long hickory stick bent at one 

 end like a crossc, or bishop's crosier. Across this curve of the 

 stick stout network is stretched, and extends nearly half-way 

 down its length. The " crosse " has, therefore, something of 

 the appearance of a racket-bat, but is much longer. 



To tho spectator the game presents the appearance of a 

 combination of football and hockey, with some striking varia- 

 tions from both. It is a very animated game, interesting to the 

 looker-on, and highly exciting to those engaged in the contest. 

 It requires a large space of ground, not less, as a rule, than about 

 400 yards square, and tolerably level. Towards the two ends of 

 this ground goal-posts are fixed, as at football, and the players 

 are divided into two parties, each having its own goal. Each goal 

 consists of two poles about six feet high and seven feet apart, 

 ornamented with flags of the colour say red or blue cho^an 

 by the party who may take that side in the game. The distance 

 between the two goals is optional, depending upon the space of 

 ground in which the game may be played, and other conditions 

 either accidental or the subject of agreement between the 

 contending parties. The number of persons who may play is 

 optional also, but they are usually equally divided, as in other 

 field amusements. 



The object which is pursued by either party throughout the 

 game is to drive the ball through the opponents' goal that is, 

 between their goal-posts. When this is done the game is over, 

 having been won by that side which has succeeded in the 

 attempt. The ball used is made of hollow india-rubber, and 

 must not be more than nine nor less than eight inches in circum- 

 ference. It must, as a rule, be touched only with the " croese," 

 and it may either bo struck with this implement or carried upon 

 it. Tho crosse is about four feet long, and the network with 

 which it is provided is nearly tight, but just sufficiently loose 

 to hold the ball when resting on it. It is not allowed to sunn me 

 the shape of a bag. Thus fashioned the ball may be readily 

 picked up from tho ground and carried upon the crosse, or 

 flung from it towards the opponents' goal. 



The principal players engaged on either side occupy the 

 following stations:!. Goal-keeper, who places himself near 

 tho goal, it being his duty to defend it when in imminent 

 danger. 2. Point, some twenty or thirty yards in front of 

 the goal-keeper. S. Cover-point, about the same distance in 

 advance of point. 4. Centre, who faces the centre of the field ; 

 and, 5. Homo, who is stationed nearest the opponents' goal 

 The remaining players are called the fielders, and have no 

 fixed position. 



The game is commenced midway between the two goals, the 

 ball being struck off by the captain of one side, as may have 

 been decided by lot. The struggle at once ensues, one party 

 endeavouring, by striking aud following up tho ball, to carry it 



