

27 



preceded by a, c, or u, an .. uont, a 



', as in 



a. fllur, altar; 'I'.i.ir, pair ; flMe, awl; 'i'.ilfam, balsam ; fcaben, 

 (.> liatln- ; Jin. 



ft el, noble; Snte, end; tetter, lottor; 

 ; autumn. 



:uk ; finten, to ii- leaver; b,ier, hero ; 



liild. 

 iv 'JU'i't. I. hollow ; eft, often; Vcbel, piano; Roller, 



unk. 



:<!, goud; nnten, below ; ^ntcl, poodle; Jtntfucf, 

 sac] 



nviMpli; .'Kl'-.'thm;*, rliythin; Sijlbe, syllable; funonvm, 



up. 



! ntftn, my; Vaib, loaf; I'eib, body; .Rain, Cain; 

 fcin, no. 



: .nien, to build; iV'aiicr, wall; grau, grey; JRaum, room; 

 ranh, rough, 

 ati.cu Wjumig, roomy; reuen, to rue; -$aute, skins; tyeute, to-day; 



o. 



3:. 

 98. 



28. 



Gty 



iff. 



Vlehro, oar (of corn) ; banner, men ; lebcn, to live ; 



crow ; nAmli*, namely ; nebmen, to take. 

 PcffcJ, spoon ; Ceffnung, opening ; i'fter?, oftoner ; rothii*., 



ri-ddish. 

 llebel, evil ; fnnf, five ; {Riiffet, proboscis ; flruppcl, cripple ; 



3 fi tiger, disciple. 



I'-XERCISE 2. 



Plafff, class ; C^reatttr, creature ; Criminal, criminal ; Section, 

 i; Calcutta, Calcutta ; Contract, contract; G:;r, cure ; 



Cement, cement ; Gitcr, cider ; (Splinter, cylinder. 

 (Vabe, gift ; gcfren, to go ; Giraffe, giraffe ; geben, to give ; 



oVlr, gold : grpji, largo ; 9Jing, ring ; bringen, to bring ; 



grun, green ; grau, grey ; mljig, quiet ; ewig, eternal ; iBerj, 



mountain. 

 ^>iff , hare ; fart, hard ; -hunger, hunger ; ^orijont, horizon ; 



'A'lVM, flour ; mcl'r, more. 

 3iingltng, youth ; ,utte, Jew; ja, yes ; 3 cfcvfi, Joseph ; 3nli, 



July ; 3urift, jurist. 

 JRctf, ripe; ret*, rich; JRe|l, rest ; tar, rare; 9iucfftdjt, regard; 



8orm, form ; JRatbfel, enigma. 

 Mattel, saddle; Scgel, sail; -Sveer, spear; <Sl?rop, sprout; 



ftarf, strong; trumpf, stocking; 3ut, south; JRei, rice; 



5trajie, street; tuiffen, to know. 

 3if*, table; 3ahf, tariff; Sempel, temple ; Jruppe, troop; 



Iitel, title; SJojaflation, devastation. 

 SSam|?cr, vampire ; JBafc, vase ; '-Bert, verse ; SSioline, violin ; 



v tfuc, visit ; Valuation, valuation. 

 SBcrt, word ; 2Durm, worm ; SOBnnter, wonder ; SBille, will ; 



'ISagen, wajron ; S?Jantcrcr, wanderer. 

 3inf, zinc; 3aM, number; jaljm, tame; 3cit, time; 3entncr, 



hundred-weight ; -^otj, wood. 

 8fad>, flax; fpred;cn, to speak; hjacfifam, watchful; S^rr, choir; 



Cbauffee, turnpike-road. 

 2it,ift, shaft ; diattcn, shadow ; d;ncc, snow ; frifd;, fresh ; 



ichtlt, shield, sign, 

 gletp, diligence ; gliep, fleoco ; laffcn, to let ; tyaffen, to hate ; 



$afi, hatred ; fiaplid;, ufrly. 



Jji^e, heat ; Stlt>, log ; f ifceln, to tickle ; fdjlrafcen, to prattle ; 

 fuq, short ; fdjicarj, bi;. 



a t Ij } c I. 



(^vft ivciji vie 2*nce, 

 grun line Jilee, 

 roti> u-ie 'i^lur, 



JTann fffintcrft e gut. 



fd;n>i(jen, to perspire 

 i 



ST'icr 3afire blcitt er au, 

 Qann fcmntt er nad; 

 lint ^eicjt ft* irieter, 

 3m ^rcife feincr Sri'ifccr. 



LESSONS IN MUSIC. I. 



WTC have a friend, who was long persuaded by his relatives, 

 who wore all "musical," that he had "no voice." Any innocent 

 attempt of his to unite in the vocal pleasures of the family 

 circle was instantly checked by some compassionate oipropsion 

 or imploring look. He humbly acquiesced in this judgment of 

 his friends, but found it often difficult to reaist the sympathy 

 of Bong, and sometimes startled tho singers by adding his 



honMt roieo to tho Honing strain worship, too, BO 



frowns or dimmasivoH &, from " doing hi* brt " 



praiMM >t , wondered how it WM 



that ho came to be born with " no roicc," ecpecully when IM 

 obserred that the infanU of the present day are so much more 

 highly endowed, evrry ono of them who attends an infant-school 



illy taking for granted that he " has a voice," and osinjc 



it aooordingly. As a religioos man, also, be oonld not help 



noticing that ono whole book of the Scriptures was written for 



l>iit>lic rocal praise, and that it abounded in 



pressions as this : " Let the people praise thee, O God; 

 lit. A i.i, tint people praise thee." The example of Christ and the 

 precepts of his apostles seemed also to set forth the same duty. 



.not be," ho sometime* reflected, " that the Father of all 

 should command us to ' ring,' in addition to ' making melody 

 with our hearts,' and yet give to so many of his children no 

 voice !" Such thoughts as those led him to the ooncluwon that 

 it is ' no practice " and " no cultivation," rather than "no 

 voice " and " no ear," with which the majority of men are 



1. In consequence of this, to the no small amusement of 

 his musical acquaintance, our friend was soon found to have 

 become an attentive ant 1 painstaking member of a singing ftlatir 

 He was soon deep in ' thirds" and " fifths" and "sevenths," 

 toiling at a series of the most unmusical exercises that could 

 well be invented. But hope sweetens toil, and the expectation 

 of conquering at last gave to our friend courage and long 

 patience. When sixty laborious lessons, relieved by an occa- 

 sional song, were over, he made the discovery that ho had learnt 

 " a system," that ho had gained also some confidence and much 

 command of the organs of voice. But what did he know of 

 music ? Could he take the plainest psalm tune (not in the key 

 of C), unseen before, and sing it ? Alas ! no. His labour had 

 not been lost, but it had produced small fruit. He could follow 

 tho "leader" more promptly and easily, but he oonld not go 

 without him. There was still an indecision and uncertainty 

 about his endeavours. He could seldom be sura whether he 

 was right or not by half a tone. And many a choice song, and 

 not a few tune-books, which ho had purchased in his hopeful 

 days, lay on his table nnenjoyed because of this musical uncer- 

 tainty in which he was left. Once more, however, our friend 

 has "taken heart," and has promised to follow the course of 

 effort which we shall prescribe ; we, on our part, undertaking 

 that he shall in that case be enabled to sing at first sight by 

 himself, and to make good use of the books on his table. We 

 shall begin at the beginning, however, for your sake, gentle 

 reader, if you will join him in his efforts. We hav no " royal 

 road " to music. No worthy attainment is won without labour. 

 But we have a straight and dear road, and that is a great 

 advantage when the common road is very circuitous, and 

 abounding with needless hindrances. We have only two thing* 

 to ask of yon: the first, that yon will be content to learn one thing 

 at a time, instead of being impatient for knowledge not at the 

 moment helpful perhaps, just then, only confusing to you ; the 

 second, that when something is set before yon to be done, you 

 mil really do it, instead of supposing it to be done, and going 

 on ; for only " by doing we truly understand." 



FIRST PRINCIPLES OF KU8IC. 



You must allow us to lay before yon certain fundamental 

 principles of music itself of music considered apart from any 

 method of teaching or of writing it principles which would be 

 true of music if Guido had never invented the " staff," and if 

 "crotchet" and "quaver," "flat" and "sharp," had never 

 been heard of. 



You know what is tho difference between " high" and "low" 



in music. Tho " squeak " is high, tho "growl " is low. Beoog- 



f now by singing first a high and 



then a low note. Between tho highest and the lowest sound* 

 which tho human ear can appreciate, an indefinite number of 

 other sounds may be produced. But how, out of this vast chaos 

 of possible sounds, are the distinct and choice note* of a TU me to 

 start into life and power P Tho question is thus answered. 

 Before a TUMI can be created, a certain sound, whether high or 

 low in pitch, must bo chosen and fixed as the KKT-NOTK (some- 

 times called the yovtrning note, and in books of science the 

 tonic) of tho coming tune. Immediately, according to MOM lav* 

 of nature by which God has tuned owr tan and toult, six other 

 notes spring forth, at measured distances from the ky-note. 



