MECHANICS. 





>.u rand M correctly, speak u* properly, or bohavo a* weB. M 

 . 



. . tho Throdan robber, of whose exploit* I bare beard to 



-.ban Beparate us from tho lore of Cbrlrt P shall tribulation, 

 s, or pen*2fiitin. >-r f.imine, or peril, or *word ? 



MO dead mined up, and witb what body do they come ? 

 M h.it in our hope, oar joy, or crown of rejoicing ? 

 Uaro you not misemployed yonr time, wasted your talent*, and 

 passed your lifu in idleness and vice P 



v" l>em taught anything of tbo nature, structure, and laws 

 of tli- U..I.V wliii-h \.m inhabit? 



Were you ever made to understand tbe operation of diet, air, 

 exercise, and modes of dress, upon tbe human frame ? 



28. Sometimes tin- wm-.l imvrtling a comma is to bo road 

 like that preceding a period, with tho falling inflection of tho 



Examples. 



It is said by unbelievers that religion is dull, unsociable, uncharitable, 

 enthusiastic, a damper of humou joy, a morose intruder upon human 

 pleasur. . 



Nothing is more erroneous, unjust, or untrue, than the statement 

 iu tin' preceding sentence. 



Perhaps you have mistaken sobriety for dulness, equanimity for 

 moroseuess, disinclination to bad company for aversion to society, 

 abhorrence of vice for unchoritablenesa, and piety for enthusiasm. 



Henry was careless, thoughtless, heedless, and inattentive. 



This is partial, unjust, uncharitable, and iniquitous. 



The history of religion is ransacked by its enemies, for instances of 

 persecution, of austerities, and of enthusiastic irregularities. 



Religion is often supposed to be something which must be prac- 

 tised apart from everything else, a distinct profession, a peculiar 

 occupation. 



29. Sometimes tho word preceding a comma ia to be read 

 like that preceding an exclamation. 



Examples. 



How can you destroy those beautiful things which yonr father 

 procured for you ! that beautiful top, those polished marbles, that 

 excellent ball, and that beautifully painted kite, oh how can you de- 

 stroy them, and expect that ho will buy you new ones 1 



How coast thou renounce the boundless store of charms that 

 Nature to her votary yields ! the warbling woodland, the resounding 

 shore, the pomp of groves, the garniture of fields, all that the genial 

 ray of morning gilds, and all that echoes to the song of even, all 

 that the mountain's sheltering bosom shields, and all the dread 

 magnificence of heaven, how canst thou renounce them and hope to 

 be forgiven ! 



Winter! ruler of the inverted year! thy scattered hair with sleet- 

 like ashes filled, thy breath congealed upon thy lips, thy cheeks fringed 

 with a beard made white with other snows than those of age, thy 

 forehead wrapped in clouds, a leafless branch thy sceptre, and thy 

 throne a sliding car, indebted to no wheels, but urged by storms along 

 its slippery way, I love thee, all unlovely as thou seemest, and dreaded 

 as thou art ! 



! Lovely art thou, O Peace ! and lovely are thy children, and lovely 

 are the prints of thy footsteps in the green valleys. 



30. Sometimes tho word preceding a comma and other marks, 

 is to be read without any pause or inflection of tho voice. 



Examples. 



You see, my son, this wide and large firmament over our heads, 

 where tho sun and moon, and all the stars appear in their turns. 



Therefore, my child, fear and worship, and love God. 



He that can read as well as you can, James, need not be ashamed to 

 read aloud. 



1 consider it my duty, at this time, to tell you that you have done 

 something of which you ought to be ashamed. 



The Spaniards, while thus employed, were surrounded by many of 

 the natives, who gazed, iu silent admiration, upon actions which they 

 could not comprehend, and of which they did not foresee tho conse- 

 quences. The dress of tho Spaniards, the whiteness of their skins, 

 thair beards, their arms, appeared strange and surprising. 



Yet, fair as thou art, thou shunnest to glide, beautiful stream ! by 

 the village side, but windest away from the haunts of men, to silent 

 Tolley and shaded glen. 



But it is not for man, either solely or principally, that night is 

 made. 



We imagine, that, in a world of our own creation, there would 

 always be a blessing in the air, and flowers and fruits on the earth. 



Share with you I said his father so the industrious must lose his 

 labour to feed the idle. 



31. Sometimes tho pause of a comma must bo mado where 



thoro is no pause in the book. Space* are left in the following 

 sentence* where tho pause is proper to be made. 



The European* were hardly le** amazed at the Men* no* **t 

 before them. 



Their black hair loaf and curled floated upon their 



boulder* or wa* bound in tr****e around their bead. 



Person* of reflection and *en*ibility contemplate with intend 

 tbe scene* of nature. 



The *uooe**ion and contract* of the seasons giro *cope to care 

 and foresight diligence and industry which are awential to the 

 dignity and enjoyment of human being*. 



The eye is sweetly rested on every object to which it torn*. 

 It is grateful to perceive bow widely yt chastely Nature bath 

 IL.X. ! hur colour* and painted her robe. 



Winter compensates for tbe want of attractions abroad by flre 

 side delight* and homefelt joy*. In all thin interchange and 

 variety we find reason to acknowledge tbe wise and benevolent 

 care of the Ood of seasons. 



32. The pupil may read tho following sentences ; but before 

 reading them, he should point oat after what word the pause 

 should bo made. Tho pause is not printed in the sentence*, but 

 it must bo made when reading them. And here it may be 

 observed, that tho comma is more frequently used to point oat 

 the grammatical divisions of a sentence, than to indicate a rest 

 or cessation of tho voice. Good reading depends much upon 

 skill and judgment in making those pauses which the meaning 

 of tho sentence dictates, but which are not noted in the book ; 

 and tho sooner the pupil is taught to make them, with proper 

 discrimination, the surer and more rapid will be his progress in. 

 the art of reading. 



Examples. 



The golden head that was wont to rise at that part of the table wae 

 now wanting. 



For even though absent from school I shall prepare the lesson. 



For even though dead I will control the trophies of tbe capitoL 



It is now two hundred years since attempts have been made to 

 civilise the North American savage. 



Doing well has something more in it than the fulfilling of a duty. 



You will expect me to say something of the lonely records of tbe 

 former races that inhabited this country. 



There is no virtue without a characteristic beauty to make it parti- 

 cularly loved by the good, and to moke the bod ashamed of their 

 neglect of it. 



A sacrifice was never yet offered to a principle, that was not made 

 up to us by self-approval, and the consideration of what our degrada 

 tion would have been had we done otherwise.' 



The succession and contrast of the seasons give scope to that care 

 and foresight, vigilance and industry, which are essential to the dignity 

 and enjoyment of human beings, whose happiness is connected with 

 the exertion of their faculties. 



A lion of the largest size measures from eight to nine feet from 

 the muzzle to the origin of the toil, which last is of itself about four 

 feet long. The height of the larger specimens is four or five feet. 



A benison upon thee, gentle huntsman! Whose towers are these 

 that overlook the wood ? 



The incidents of the lost few days have been such a* will probafcly 

 never again be witnessed by the people of America, and such as were 

 never before witnessed by any nation under heaven. 



To the memory of Andrt? his country bos erected the most magnifl- 

 cent monument, and bestowed on his family the highest honours 

 and most liberal rewards. To the memory of Hole not a stone has 

 been erected, and the traveller asks in vain for the place of his lonjr 

 sleep. 



MECHANICS. III. 



FORCES APPLIED TO A SINGLE POINT PARALLELOGRAM 

 OF FORCES, ETC. 



IN lliis lesson we have to consider how the resultant of two, and 

 thence of any number of forces, applied to a single point may b 

 found. You will keep in mind that by a " single point," I meax 

 a point " in a body ; " and that will save mo always adding the 

 latter words when I use tho former. Of course, forces applied 

 to " a material point" are included in tho description, and 

 theso you will find, in duo time, to be of very great impc: 



As tho joint effect of two or moro forces so applied is termed 

 their "resultant," so we name tho separate forces of which it is 

 tho effect its components. There are thus two operati* : 

 Composition of Forces, and tho Resolution of Forces, with which 

 we may be concerned in Mechanics ; by the former of which we 



