LESSONS IN BOTANY. 



151 



alien 1* 



these but ... pretest, betide* it ordinary 



USB, in . .1.-. \siu-it t 



i till Lj.UI,', ' 

 syeillll. I ; . 



. ,UM !,'"'" '" 



ti> di-nDti- 



. ; I'll Vnl^K) t.itial. 

 II. !..-. il 



u-yor hal)iLuul, as: lie 

 'iii! ( iint ten .'Kiiium, tho 



with tl; 



'1 a* simult.. 

 another - . IT auf tern ?am 



tho eountr .il* id> arbettete, h played while- 1 



a -i linisiied without re- 

 un-iike Hi.' sunn- tense i.-i < 

 

 . : . I : 



ly. &r 6.at ibji bcutc jdebt, ho 

 haBojUsed him 



i reference to pu - 



; Inn-en, ho has pro- 

 bably heard it ; ii>'.'r,tllj, !i .... heard it. 



VOCABULARY. 



: MK OP EXAMPLES. 

 Sine ftyCrne SDhipf ftimmt ta$ -fcerj (A) sweet music (attunes) makes 



freb, unt bcitct. the heart glad and cheerful. 



$ie gveunte fasten mic in tern The friends sought me in the 



(Vartcn. garden. 



>er tfaufmiinn fiat ten Gftelihin The merchant (has) prized the 



feDr bi>cb gefctyfl(jt. precious stone very highly. 



Die Svcimtin luirt ticfcn STCarb'mit. The friend will come to the 



tag nad) tcr '2t.itt fommen. city this afternoon. 



8r ii'irt tit 9tad>ricbt fchon gcljcrt' He will already have hoard the 



fyabcn. news. 



T]\Kiin.sK 23. 



1. 3$ Uebe taS flint tcS DiacftbarS. 2. 3)er SSater fiat inir tiefen 

 9?vief gcfcfcuft. 3. 3cf> ttcrte ten (jrcunb teamen. 4. 3rb babe tic gonje 

 .1 i cm fi-anfcn iBeuwt gcioarbt. 5. 55ie 3flger jacin geftern 

 d)tara.cn in tern !li.!.iltc, unr- meiten tiefen SJlaefcrnittag tn tcr V 

 Xiu'fc* j.iijui. 6 .iint' licbte ten JKubm uiifc ten 2itinuiicr 7. 



(fr Kit cine fliffe gerflfirft, tint fie feinet Srcuntin gefdii'iift. 

 gcfcJjicfter OJiaurer ticu-" Jt.itt bat tiefei fe^ime -&au gel-.uit. ;i. iUopolcon 

 f5>i&te ten t.U'rcu'11 iclt.uni, 11116 nifyt ten Sunfer iinr (ytelniann. 10. 

 X\c Slrbciten in mei.. /.uvn mcinen Jion-n 11. 5)o 



: )i'-:r;it tic aJiciu'vljun t>r ($ 116. List) ter suiue 



* Siiuultaaooiu existing at the earn* time. 



1 I ho tvacht 



I. An iJ 



:- I hai 

 10. A c 



ated a beautiful book to the [ton] scholar 

 eceivod her [i*rr] friend. 3. The qhildren 



pain li. 



: , . - i! : 



dunce of a 



. uud (the) piety an the [ten] red. 



I.i. I'ANY. V. 



I 'j 

 the 



SECTION VIII i- -ATION CF 



LEAVES; AMt 'IHK KjUMS OP LEAVES. 



ANIMAL anatomists ui. 



diir.-n.-nt portions of tho human frame; sot so 

 whoso language veiun and nerves moan the same 

 applied to t . ramify iSpn, 



of leaves. The manner in which tl 



- aro di-tri!>u' i : d study, as U 

 distinguish 



: inner in whi 



: admit of boi . two gri 



! -veined, and the ,<n :-.;ed <ir . 

 For example, in Fi^. 10 is given the representation of thr 



>f an iris plant, whjl Fig. 20 is a drawing of u I 



a melon. How great is the difference between tho general 

 aspect of those leaves wo need not say. In the former the 

 veins or nerves are almost parjdlol to each other, or converge at 

 either extremity of the le;;f by a very imperceptible gradation, 

 :iml nover in any part of tho leaf combine or interlace together. 

 In the second example, the melon leaf, this parallelism i* totally 

 wanting, and in place of it we find the intermingling of nerves 

 to be so frequent that a complete net-work result-,, hence this 

 leaf and all like it aro said to be The word 



reticulated is derived from tho Latin i 



Does not the reader remember that we have already estab- 

 lished tho existence of two grand natural divisions amongst 

 flowering plants, as determined by the sectional a.pect of their 

 stems ? Does he not remember that, from a consideration of 

 this difference of appearance, wo have already agreed to' divide 

 flowering plants into the exogenous and endogenous ? Docs he 

 not also remember our promise to tell him other means of dis 

 hing an endogenous from an exogenous plant by another 

 sign than the sectional aspect of the stem ? One means is 

 this. The leaves of endogenous plants aro straight-veined, 

 while the leaves of exogenous aro reticulated. Hence, re- 

 ferring to the iris, we know at once that it ia an endo- 

 genous, or within-growing plant, and we know by the same 

 kind of examination that the melon is an exogenous or witliout- 

 yrowing plant. What can be more simple than this mode of 

 discrimination P 



Botanists distinguish the various forms that the leavee of 

 plants assume by different names, and that our readers may be 

 enabled to recognise these shapes at sight, and understand the 

 terms that are applied to them, we have given examples of the 

 greater part of them in our illustrations of leaves in the follow- 

 ing pages, and will now proceed to describe their peculiarities, 

 and give the derivations of tho botanical names by which they 

 are known. 



Pedate Leaf (Fig. 21). A leaf of three or five or more 

 divisions. Called a pedato or pedalate leaf, from the Latin pet, 

 a foot, because the outer divisions are parted into several 

 segments. 



Peltate Leaves (Fig. 22). Lonv.v like those of tho garden 

 nasturtium, a name improperly applied to some species of Tro- 

 pwolnm or Indian cress. This kind of leaf is called peltate 

 from its fancied resemblance to the pelta. - buckler of 



the ancients, which was held by a thong fastened to tho under 

 ride. The chief peculiarity of the peltate leaf is th?.-. 

 attached to its petiole at some part of the u,ndr side, and net 

 at the margin, as leaves usually are. 



