23S 



THE POPULAK EDUCATOE. 



were blockaded by the ice during five successive days, and only 

 iecured their safety by a sudden change of the wind to the 

 south, and the immediate efforts of the crews, who cleared their 

 way through the immense blocks of ice with which they were sur- 

 rounded. Sailing in a different direction, they discovered Louis 

 Philippe Land ; and returning northward, Captain D'Urville 

 visited, agreeably to his instructions, the island of Juan Fer- 

 nandez, the Marquesas Islands, Otaheite or Tahiti which has 

 gained the name of the " Gem of the Pacific" from the exquisite 

 beauty of its scenery Samoa, Varaoo, Hapaee, and the Feejee 

 Islands. He then touched at Banks Island, the Vanikoro, 

 Solomon, and Caroline Islands, and others, and arrived at the 

 hospitable port of Guam. He then sailed through the great 

 Asiatic Archipelago, and explored the banks of New Guinea, 

 Australia, and the isles of Sunda ; he made the tour of 

 Borneo, and stayed a short time at Hobart Town, in Tasmania. 

 In January, 1840, the vessels of the same expedition, L' Astrolabe 

 and La Zelee, sailed again towards the icy regions of the south, 

 and swept over the immense space from 120 to 170 E., which 

 had not hitherto been fully explored by navigators. Having dis- 

 covered some land and coasts which they supposed to belong to 

 the yet undiscovered Antarctic continent, they returned to New 

 Zealand, and explored its coasts, and those of the islands of the 

 Louisiade Archipelago and New Guinea, including the dangerous 

 reefs of Torres Strait. 



The object of the expedition under Captain, afterwards Sir 

 James Ross, was to investigate the problem of the Artarctic 

 continent of which D'Urville was considered to have seen the 

 shores. He sailed for this purpose, with the Erebus and Terror 

 under his command, and early in 1840 he discovered land in 

 latitude 70 47' S., and longitude 174 56' E., consisting of a 

 collection of peaked mountains, varying from 9,000 to 12,000 

 feet in height, covered with snow, and surrounded with immense 

 masses of ice which jutted into the ocean like huge promon- 

 tories. An island discovered in the vicinity of tliis land was 

 called Victoria. In latitude 76 8' S., and longitude 170 32' E., 

 they discovered another island; and next day they beheld a 

 mountain 12,400 feet high belching forth, at an immense eleva- 

 tion, flames and smoke ; to this volcano they gave the name of 

 Mount Erebus. Having reached latitude 78 4' S., the farthest 

 south point yet reached in the Antarctic Ocean, tho expedition 

 proceeded on its way in a retrograde direction, coasting, as it 

 were, the land first discovered, it being impossible to get on 

 shore on account of the ice in which it was enveloped. It was 

 thus ascertained that this land extended in latitude from 70 S. 

 to 79 S. ; and it was named Victoria Land. A second voyage 

 of Captain Ross was fruitless, and a third ended in the discovery 

 of a small volcanic island in latitude 64 12' S., and in longitude 

 54 29' W. The expedition of Wilkes, the American navigator 

 already mentioned, was practically useless ; as it was proved that 

 his claim to the discovery of the Antarctic continent could not 

 be supported even by the testimony of his own officers,. Recent 

 attempts to penetrate into the land around the south pole have 

 proved unsuccessful. 



LESSON'S IN GEBMAN. XIV. 



SECTION XSV. THE INFINITIVE, ETC. 

 WHEN not governed by an auxiliary verb of mood, the infinitive 

 takes the preposition 311 ( 146) before it, as : 3d; I;ak 3ett $u 

 Icfcn, I have time to read. <r gel;t in tie Scfmte, urn ;u lerncn, he 

 goes to school, in order to learn. <r gefit aitf ten 2Narft urn glcifd; 

 jtt faufen, he goes to market, in order to buy meat. Urn, in order, 

 is, as in English, often omitted, as : r gefa auf ten SKarft, SfeifA 

 311 faurcn, he goes to market to buy meat. 



1. flonnen often signifies to know, to have learned a thin"-, and 

 may be followed by a noun in the accusative, as : Jftnncn Sie 

 Seutfd; ? Do you know (understand) German ? Followed by a 

 verb, funjwn signifies either to be able (see Sect. XXIV. 1), or to 

 know how, as : ton cr fd;rcikn? Can he write? or, does he 

 know how to write, has he learned to write ? 



2. fflSiffen, to know, is frequently placed before an infinitive 



with 311, and corresponds to our phrase " to know how," as : 



Gr itcip 3U jtyretten, he knows (how) to write. @r rccip m &fen he 

 knows (how) to live. @r irei fid; ju $elfcn, he knows (how) to 

 get on. 



3. Jtcnneu also signifies to 'know, but only in the sense of to 



be acquainted with, as : Jlcnncn Sie ttcfc Scute ? Do you know 

 these people ? .3d; fcnne fte, I know them, I am acquainted witto 

 them. 



4. The indefinite pronoun man has no exact correspondent in 

 English. It is variously translated, according to its position ; 

 thus, 2ftan fofltc tmmcr cfyrttd; fyantcln, one should always act honour- 

 ably. 3Wan lauft, they are running. SJian kfjrcit, they are crying. 

 Grrtragcn mufj man, tuaS tcr -pimme! fcntet; what (the) Heaven sends, 

 must we endure ( 59. 1, 2). 3J?an is often nominative to an 

 active verb, which latter is best rendered by a passive one, as : 

 9)Jan tocip, tr-o cr iff. it is known where he is. !BZan Ijat ten >te& 

 gcfanaen, the thief has been caught. 



The above use obtains especially in the phrase ,,man fagt" 

 (French on dit), which, though more literally " one says," is 

 often better rendered by " it is said, rumoured, reported," etc. 



VOCABULARY. 



Gffcnb, wretched. i Satei'ntfd;, Latin. j (gotten, shall. 

 n'tclkrg, n. Heidel- 3fiad;cn, to make, to Sfradje, /. language. 



berg. do. i lint ( 114. 4). 



dcn, to go for. Sd;nciten, to cut. 2Batyl, /. choice. 



Jlafc, m. cheese. Sdjnlc, /. school. SBtcfe, /. meadow. 



RESUME OF EXAMPLES. 



(?r ift fTcijnoj, ntd;t mtr um taS Sob 



fcincS ?c[;rerS 311 ertoer'kn, fon* 



tern um feinc tfennt'mjfc ju cr= 



toci'tern, 

 2Bir cffen, um ju tekn ; a&er lutr 



lekn nicfjt, um 3U cffcn. 

 in ftugcr 2JJann racip ju fd;n:et- 



gcn. 

 in un'kftctfteS ^erj tft ein flitter 



kffcr Sec, tern man auf ten 



runt fietyt. 

 in grcnnb tft cine SUJunje ; man 



pruft fie, e(;c man fie numnt. 



He is diligent, not only to ob- 

 tain the praise of his teacher, 

 but in order to extend his 

 knowledge. 



We eat in order to live, but wo 

 do not live in order to eat. 



A judicious man knows (how) 

 to be silent. 



An unspotted heart is a still 

 clear sea, which one Bees to 

 the bottom. 



A friend is a coin, it is proved 

 before it is received. 



EXERCISE 39. 



1. 3d; mufi auf tie SBtcfc gckn, -cu ?u Men. 2. 23aS foff 3T)r 93ru* 

 tcr in tcr Sd;ulc tT;un ? 3. @r foff in tie Sc&ulc gckn, um tie (atcintfctyc 

 ( 5, 8) Sprad;e 3u fernen. 4. 2)er SKenfd; mup ctyrfid; otcr dent fein. 

 5. SBal foff td; tfwn ? 6. <Sic fonncn tijun, toaS Sic rooffen, unb fotttcn 

 t^un, was Sic fonncn. 7. SBarum ftnt ie nid;t geftern 311 unS (Sect. 

 XXIII.) iiefommen? 8. 3d; njoffte, afcer td; lonnte nid;t; id; mupte 3U 

 &aufc fckikn unt Icfcn. 9. 2Birb ter Scfjiicitcr mir dncn 3U'd mad;cn 

 hjoffcn ? 10. (5r irirt Slmcn cinen mad;en njollen, afccr cr iuirt e nid;t 

 tfnin fonncn. 11. SBarum lutrt cr c3 ntcfjt t(mn fonncn? 12. 6r njtrb 

 incviH'n auf taS I* ant a.ckn miiffen, fcmen franfen Svutcr 311 bcfud;cn. 13. 

 iiV.C' unit tcr ^tnak mit feincm SWcffcr? 14. (5r milt SSrob nnt ^afc 

 fd;neitcn. 15. akn @ic 3cit, in ten Staff 3u gel;cn ? 16. 3d; ^a6c 

 3cit, afccr id; ttiff nicl)t gckn, id; irtff ju aufe blctkn. 17. SSaS fyakn 

 tc 3U -aufc ju tfmn ?. 18. 3d; f;ak JBricfe ju (cfcn unb ju ftyrcikn. 

 19. 3Jiuffcu Sic ftc I;cutc fd;retbcn ? 20. 3d; mup fte kutc fd;rcitcn, toeil 

 id; morgcn nad; J?ctte(kr;j ,ickn miff. 21. 3Ran mup in tcr SBafit feinev 

 grcuntc orftd;ttg fein. 22. 3>tcfcr Stna&e Ijat kute gar nidjtS gclernt. 

 23. akn @te aud; ntd;ts gclernt ? 24. 3d; fyi&t cnua gclernt, abet 

 ntdjt ie(. 



VOCABULAKT. 



EXERCISE 40. 



1. 3u toem getyen @ie? 2. 3d; gef;e ?u mctnem Sntter. 3. 2)Iit tocin 

 ge^t tiefer ^nak ? 4. r gef;t mit feincm JBatcr nad; tcr Stabt. 5. 

 SSon iwm ^aben ie tiefe Sfieuigfciten gcfjort ? 6. 3d; ^ak fte con mctncm 

 aftcn greunte geljort. 7. 9JHt toem ge^en Sie nad; tern 55cvfe ? 8. 3d> 

 gck nidjt nad; tern 2>orfe, id; gck mii mctnem iBatcr nad; bcr gropen 

 tabt. 9. 28ann gekn Sie auS ter Statt ju unfern greunten ? 10. 

 2Bir gekn ntdjt 311 Sfircn greunten, tinr fommcn morgcn )ieter nad; J&aufe. 

 11. 3d; gck kutc iretcr ;u mctnem greuntc, nod; nad; tent 2)orfe, nod; 

 auS tern 4aufe. 12. Scr raf f;at ein gropes Scftlop mit ftcmen genftcrn, 

 13. 2)er glup Fommt auS ten Sergen. 14. J&at 36,r atec ctma son 



