276 



THE POPULAB EDUCATOR 



and) and cent (meaning a Jiwndred) is never earned to the 

 following word in pronunciation. 



XIII. The letter a in the word Aout, the month August (pro- 

 nounced oo, and not ah-oo), is not sounded. 



XIV. In the compound word est-il, and a few others, the t is 

 carried to the second syllable in pronunciation. 



XV. "Whenever a word ending with a silent e is immediately 

 followed by another word beginning with a vowel or h mute, 

 the consonant preceding the silent e of the first word is carried 

 to the next word in pronunciation ; as : 



La France entitsre, as if printed la Fran-ccnti&re, and pro- 

 nounced lah franh-sanh-teair. 



Honn6tc homme, as if printed honnS-tomme, and pronounced 

 on-ncvy-tom. 



XVI. With the words ah, eh, oil, ouest (one of the points of 

 the compass), ouf, oui, omse, onetime, pho, v/nidnie, yacht, yatagan, 

 yolc, and yucca, no final consonant of a preceding word is con- 

 nected in pronunciation. Neither is any elision of the article 

 made before any of these words. 



XVII. In the phrase vers les une Iwwre, the s final of the 

 wecond word, les, is not carried to the following word, une, in 

 pronunciation. 



XVIII. The word cinq is pronounced scvnh whenever it comes 

 before a consonant or an aspirated h. But before a vowel or h 

 mute it is pronounced sanhk. 



XIX. The letters ue have the sound of u, when they are not 

 silent, after g and q. 



XX. The word die, ten, before a consonant, is pronounced 

 dee ; before a vowel or h mute, deez; and at the end of a clause, 

 us d^ess. 



XXI. The word sir, six, before a consonant, is pronounced 

 see; before a vowel or h mute, seez; and at the end of a clause, 

 as sees. 



XXII. The word huit, eight, before a consonant, is pro- 

 nounced uee, or nearly wee ; before a vowel or h mute, as ueet, 

 or nearly weet. 



XXIII. The letters er final are usually pronounced like the 

 letters ay in the English word day. The following words, how- 

 ever, constitute an exception to the above rule. In them the 

 letters er are pronounced like air in English. 



Alger Cher Pier Hier Magister Sadder 



Amer Cuillor Frater Hiver Mer Stathouder 



Belve"der Enfer Ouster Jupiter Niger and 



Cancer Fer Gessner Lucifer Pater Ver. 



XXTV. Divide each word naturally into syllables, as you 

 would in the English language. 



SECTION XXEL-USE OF THE ARTICLE (continued). 



1. Adjectives of nationality will, according to Rule 4 of the 

 last lesson, be preceded by the article. 



H apprend le fran^ais, 1'anglais, He learns French, English, German, 

 Fallemand et 1'italien, and Italian. 



2. After "che verb parler, the article may be omitted before an 

 adjective of nationality, taken snbstantively. 



Votre frere parle espagnol et por- Your brother speaks Spanish and 

 togais, Portuguese. 



3. The article is not used in French before the number which 

 follows the name of a sovereign. This number (unless it be 

 first and second), must be the cardinal, and not the ordinal 

 [ 26 (3)]. 



Vous avez 1'histoire de Henri You haw the history of Henry the 

 Quatre, Fourth. 



I. A noun placed in apposition -with a noun or pronoun is not 

 in French preceded by un, une, a or an, unless it be qualified by 

 an adjective or determined by the following part of the sentence, 

 Votre ami est mddecin, Your friend is a physician. 



Notre frere est avocat, Our brother is a barrister. 



Votre ami est un bon m<5decin, Your friend is a good physician. 



Notre frere est un avocat celebre, Our brother is a celebrated advocate. 



5. PRESENT OP THE INDICATIVE OF THE IRREGULAR VERBS. 



6. Connaitre means to be acquainted with ; savoir, to know, ia 

 said only of things. 



Connaissez-vous ce Franfais, cet 

 Anglais, cet Allemand, et cet 

 Espagnol ? 



Savez-vous le fran^ais, 1'anglais, 

 1'alleiiiand et 1'espagnol ? 



Do you know that Frenchman, thaf 

 Englishman, that German, and 

 that Spaniard? 



Do you know French, English, Ger- 

 man, and Spanish? 



RESUME OF EXAMPLES. 



Le Capitaine G. sait-il le fran?ais ? 

 II ne le salt pas, mais il 1'apprend. 



Connaissez-vous le Docteur L. ? 



Je ne le connais pas, mais je sais 

 oil il demeure. 



Ce monsieur est-il peintre ? 



Non, il est architecte. 



Ce monsieur est un architecte dis- 

 tingue'. 



Ce Francois parle grec et arabe. 



II parle le grec, 1'arabe et 1'italien. 



Avez-voua vu Charles Dix, fr&re de 

 Louis Dix-huit ? 



Does Captain G. know French? 



He does not know it, but he is learn- 

 ing it. 



Do you know Dr. L. t 



I am not acquainted with him, but 

 I know where he lives. 



Is that gentleman, a painter 7 



No, ho is an architect. 



That gentleman, is a distinguished 

 architect. 



That Frenchman speaks Greek and 

 Arabic. 



He speaks the Greek, Arabic, and 

 Italian languages. 



Have you seen Charles the Tenth, 

 brother of Louis the Eighteenth ? 



Allemand, -e, German. 

 Ancion, -ne, ancient. 

 Anglais, -e, English. 

 Bibliotheque, f., 6oofc- 



case, library. 

 Chinois, -e, Chinese. 

 Danois, -e, Danish, Dan e. 



AFPEENDEE, to learn. 

 J'apprends, I learn, do 

 learn, or aw, learning. 

 Tu apprende. 

 H apprend. 

 Nous apprenons, 

 Vons apprenez. 

 Be apprennent. 



CONNAJTBE, to know. 



Je connais, J know, or 



do know. 

 Tu connais. 

 II commit. 

 Nous connaiasone. 

 Vous connaisser. 

 Us conaai36ut. 



SAVOIR, to know. 



Je sais, I know, or do 



know. 

 Tu sais. 

 I! nait. 

 Nous savona. 

 Vous savez. 

 Us eavent. 



VOCABULARY. 



Grec, -que, Greek. I Quatorze, fourteen. 

 Hongrois, -e, Hunga- Qnatre, four. 



rian. Russe, Russian. 



Langue, f., language. ; Su^dois, -e, Sioedtn/', 

 Moderne, modern. Swede. 



Polonais, -e, Polish, ' Tapissier, ni., uphol- 



EXERCISE 53. 



1. Connaissez-vous ce monsieur? 2. Oui, Madame, je le 

 connais fort bien. 3. Savez-vous de quel pays il est ? 4. n 

 est hongrois. 5. Parle-t-il allemand ? C. II parle allemand, 

 polonais, russe, sue'doia et danois. 7. N'est-il pas m&decin ? 

 8. Non, Monsieur, avant la revolution il ^tait capitaine. 9. 

 Avez-vous envie d'apprendre le russe ? 10. J'ai envie d'ap- 

 prendre lo russe et le greo mcderne. 11. Connaissez-vous lea 

 messieurs qui parlent a votre sceur ? 12. Je no les connais pae. 

 13. Savez-vous ou ils demeurent ? 14. Us demeurent chez le 

 tapissier de votre frere. 15. N'avez-vous pas 1'histoire de Louis 

 Quatorze dans votre bibliotheque ? 16. Je n'ai ni oelle de 

 Louis Quatorze, ni cello de Henri Quatre. 17. Avez-vous tort 

 d'apprendre le chinois? 18. Je n'ai pas tort d'appreudre le 

 chinois. 19. Vos compagnons apprenupnt-ils les langnes an- 

 ciennes ? 20. Us savent plusieurs langues anciennes et modernes. 

 21. Parlez-vous anglais ? 22. Je sais 1'anglais et je le parle. 

 23. Connaissez-vous 1'Anglais que nous voyons ? 24. Je ne le 

 connais pas. 25. II ne me commit pas et je ne le oonnais pas. 



EXERCISE 54. 



1. Does our physician know French ? 2. He knows French, 

 English, and German. 3. Does he know the French physician ? 

 4. He knows him very well. 5. Aro you acquainted with that 

 lady ? 6. I am not acquainted with her. 7. Is she a German 

 or a Swede ? 8. She is neither a German nor a Swede, she is a 

 Russian. 9. Do you intend to speak to her ? 10. I intend to 

 speak to her in (en) English. 11. Does she know English? 

 12. She knows several languages ; she speaks English, Danish, 

 Swedish, and Hungarian. 13. Is your brother a colonel ? 14. 

 No, Sir, he is a captain. 15. Is your upholsterer a Dane ? 16. 

 He is not a Dane, he is a Swede. 17. Are yon a Frenchman ? 

 18. No, Sir, I am a Hungarian. 19. Do you know Chinese ? 

 20. I know Chinese, Russian, and modern Greek. 21. Are you 

 wrong to learn languages ? 22. I am not wrong to learn lan- 

 guages. 23. Do you know the Englishman who lives at your 

 brother's? 24. I am acquainted with him. 25. I am not 

 acquainted with him. 26. Do you like books ? 27. I am fond 

 of books. 28. Have you a desire to learn Russian ? 29. I 

 have no desire to learn Russian. 30. Have yon no time? 31. 

 I have but little time. 32. What do you learn ? 33. We learn 

 Latin, Greek, French, and German. 34. Do yon not learn 

 Spanish? 35. We do not learn it. 36. Have you fine flowers 

 in your garden ? 37. We have very fine flowers ; we are fond 

 of flowers. 38. Do you give them to him ? 39. I give them to 

 you, 40. Give us some. 41. Do not give us any. .- 



