302 



THE POPULAE EDUCATOE. 



LESSONS IN GERMAN. XVIIL 



SECTION XXXIII. PECULIARITIES IN VEBBS, ETC. 



1. THE infinitive of the active voice, in certain phrases, is, espe- 

 cially after the verb @etn, often employed in a passive significa- 

 tion, as : @r ifl ju eb,ren, he is to be honoured, (5r ifl 511 loben, he 

 is to lie praised. Sap ilm rufen, let him be called. This use of 

 the infinitive prevails to some extent in English. Thus, we may 

 translate literally the following examples : <DtefeS au ift ju er* 

 rotetfjen, this house is to let. JDiefer .ffnabe tft 311 tatetn, this boy is 

 to blame. 



2. Jpcipen signifies "to name, to call;" also, sometimes, "to com- 

 mand." In the sense of naming or calling, it is most generally 

 used in a passive signification, as : 2Bie Ijeipen @ie ? how are 

 you called? or, what is your name? 3cf; tyctfe Siuboftit;. I am 

 called Ealph, or, my name is Ealph. 



VOCABULARY. 



e, /. pronun- 

 ciation. 



93ei'tragcn, to contri- 

 bute. 



33raunfd;toeig, n. 

 Brunswick. 



Surd;, through, by 

 means of. 



Grinsuj, single, only. 



(Srflim'tnen, to climb. 



"Srler'nen, to learn. 



etoin'nen, to win, 

 gain. 



lucf'fe'Iigfett, /. feli- 

 city. 



BESUME OF 



<Jin BofeS etotf'fen tfl nitty t gu be 



ru'BJgen. 

 in etefyr'tcr tfl Icictytcr ju uber* 



jeu'gen, a( ein 2)ummcr. 

 2Bei86,eit tfl ntctyt tote cine SBaare 311 



faufen. 

 S>ie JRofe tyeipt tie -fto'nigin ter 



SStumen. 

 JCcr Sotoe ftctjjt ter Jlfntg ter 



ipetpcn, to name (R. 



2.) 

 ?et'flcKen, to restore, 



re-establish. 

 Sjtmmet, m. (the) 



heavens, sky. 

 Safob, m>- James. 

 Sestcflo, or je^jc, the- 



the (Sect. XXX. 



6). 

 Jtunfltoerf, n. work of 



art. 



SJlutye, /. pains, toil. 

 Dfync, without. 



, quick, rapid- 



ly- 



llebung, /. practice, 



use. 

 lleberrc'ten, to pe- 



suade. 

 lte'bcrfd;ufi, m. over- 



shoe. 

 Itcberjeu'gcn, to con- 



vince. 



SSermie'tljcn, to let. 

 Sjevjct'fycn, to pardon, 



excuse. 



SSottfom'men, perfect. 

 2Bcrl^oH, valuable. 



EXAMPLES. 



An evil conscience is not to be 

 quieted. 



A learned man is easier to con- 

 vince, than a stupid (one). 



Wisdom is not to be bought 

 like wares. 



The rose is called the queen of 

 flowers. 



The lion is called the king of 

 the beasts. 



EXERCISE 60. 



1. Stefe grofjen, fctyonen fiufcr ftnb atte 3U sermictficn. 2. Da etne 

 ifl ju sermtetljen, ba8 anbcre 3U wrfaufcn. 3. 8 ifl nid>t 3U glau* 

 ben, bafj er un8 ertaffen Ijat. 4. 2>iefe SBucty ifl bei -^errn SBcftermann 

 in 3Sraunfd;toetg 3U tyaben. 5. J?ctn ein;tger tern toar am gan3en $\m-- 

 md su feljen. 6. 2Bie ift biefeS tange SBort au83U|>retyen ? 7. 2Bo ftnb 

 tie beften @tiefet, @d;uf)e unb ltcberfd;ul}e ju ftnten ? 8. 3Me bcflen, tie 

 id; gefeljen tyabe, ftnb bet meincm atten Siadjbar 31. 3U finten. 9. !Da$ 

 Seuer brannte fo fctynell, bap nid;t im djloffe 3U retten toar. 10. 9}td;t8 

 SOBert^oIteS ifl o^ne SKu^e 3U getoinnen. 11. JDtefer ^ofie ffelfen ift nictyt 

 ju erHimmen. 12. 2)iefe3 alte J&au8 ifl nidjt me^r tyerjufleHen. 13. 

 35urd; btefen SBalb ifl nid;t 311 fommen. 14. @r ifl toeber 311 uberjeugen. 

 nod; 3U ftberreben. 15. @etn SBetragen ifl gar nidjt 3U cr;cib,en. 16. 

 28ie 6,eipt 36r greunb? 17. Sr tycipt 3afob. 18. SBie tyeipt ba8 auf 

 5)eutfd; ? 19. @3 ^eipt cine aSrifle. 20. @tn J?unfttocrf ifi befto fd;6ncr, 

 je coUfommener eS ifl, ba8 tyeipt, je metyr X^citc c3 I;at, unb je mc^r aKe 

 tiefe X^cite 3um Stoecfe beitragen. 



EXERCISE 61. 



1. The pronunciation of foreign words is only to be acquired 

 through practice. 2. Nothing is to be learned without pains. 

 3. Perfect felicity is not to be found in this world. 4. You 

 speak so quick, that you are not to be understood. 5. Health 

 is not to be bought with money. 6. The peace of the town was 

 not to be restored through severe orders. 7. How do you call 

 these flowers ? 8. They are called tulips. 9. The intelligent 

 scholars are to be praised. 10. The difference between to buy 

 and to sell must, by this time, be known to the scholar. 11. 

 This book is to be had of the bookseller C. in London. 12. 

 A valuable work of art cannot be made without much toil. 

 13. The rose and the violet are valued for their perfume, the 

 tulip for the brilliancy of its colours. 14. James ia going to 



Brunswick to-morrow. 15. The heavens declare the glory 

 of God. 



VOCABULARY. 



Slb'boten, to fetch, call 



for. 



9lb'retfen f to depart. 

 2lb'fci)rei6en, to copy. 



m. 



instruction on the 

 piano, 

 artncr, m. gardener. 



erum', about, round. 

 *?tn'fdncf en, to send to. 

 3ob,ann, John. 

 Sufi, /. desire, wish. 

 2JHt'bringen, to bring. 

 3ftit'geb,en, to go with. 

 @eit, since. 



, m. walk. 



| 2Bte'berneb,men,totake 



again, back. 

 | SEilljclm, m. William. 

 j 3itrittf', back. 

 i 3uturf'fommen,tocome 



back. 



n, to send 



back. 



EXERCISE 62. 



1. SBo fcfnrfcn @te Sfyrcn S3eticntcn Ijin? 2. Gr ift fran!, er fann 

 ntrgenbS Mngefycn. 3. cfyreibcn @ie tiefcn SBrtcf ab ? 4. 3d; tyabe ilm 

 fc$on abgefctmeben. 5. lauben @ic, bap ter S3ucb.btnter mir metne 

 S3itdb.er auritcfftytcft ? 6. -at Sljre @^tocfter tie 23tumen erb,alten, tie ic^ 

 i^r gcfauft b,abe? 7. 2>er artner !ommt morgen unb toirb fie mttbringen 

 (Sect. XXVI. 2). 8. SBann geb,t Sc^ann in tie <gd>u(e ? 9. <5r gefjt 

 morgen tatiin, unb ter Heine Jjetnrici) gc^t aud). 10. 2Bo fmb tie 

 ncucn JTifcfye, toctrf;c ter @d;rciner gcmacfyt ^at? 11. abcn @ie ten 

 fdjonen SBagen gefef;en, in toetd;cm -crr . fcine Srau unb fcine tftnbet 

 ob^otte ? 12. 2Bann lommt 3br -err JBruber son $ari jiaud ? 13. 

 Sr ifl fd;on fcit (Sect. LVII.) funf Sagen 3iin"trf. 14. -aben @te 

 Sufi, eincn @ajicrgang ju madjen ? 15. SJlcin, id; ^abe fcfjon einen 

 S^ajiergang um tie @tabt gemad;t. 



EXERCISE 63. 



1. He was beginning to tell us what he had written, but he 

 was interrupted by the arrival of a stranger. 2. When did 

 your sister start for France ? 3. She left the day before yester- 

 day. 4. Has she taken little Mary with her ? 5. It will be very 

 difficult to make his conduct agree with the principles that he 

 professes. 6. You, who have forsaken your friends, are entitled 

 to no confidence. 7. Good women are the most charming class 

 of society; they comfort us, raise our minds, constitute our 

 happiness, and have no vices but those which we communicate 

 to them. 



SECTION XXXIV. PECULIARITIES IN VERBS, ETC. 



(continued). 



SCcrten is used as an auxiliary in forming the future of all 

 German verbs ; and, in this use, is translated by our auxiliary 

 " shall " or " will." ( 70. 6.) 



1. As an independent verb toerten signifies, " to become, to 

 grow, to get," etc., as : r toirb alt, he is grovjing old. a 

 SBetter toirb fatter, the weather is growing colder. (&$ toirb bunfet, 

 it is getting dark. >cr 9tabc toirb febr alt, the raven becomes very 

 old (lives or attains to a great age). 



2. SBerben with the dative often denotes possession, as : SDJtr 

 toirb immev ta8 2)2eintge, I always obtain my own (to me comes 

 [becomes'] always my own). 5DIcinen armcn ilntcrtljanen mufi baS 

 Sljmgc toerten, my poor subjects must have their own (property). 



CONJUGATION OF THE 



Infinitive. 



PRES. aSJcrten, to become. 

 PERF. etoor'ten fcin, to 



become. 



Singular. 



3d; toerte, I become ; 

 !Du toirft, thou becomest ; 

 @r toirt, he becomes ; 



VERB toerben, IN THE INDICATIVE. 



Participles. 



PRES. 28ertent, becoming, 

 have PERF. etoorten, become. 



PRESENT. 



Plural. 



toir toerten, we become. 

 it;r toertet, you become, 

 fte toerben, they become. 



IMPERFECT. 



3d; tourte or toarb, I became ; ttir tourten, we became. 



2)u tourteft or toartft, thou be- if>r tourtet, you became. 



earnest ; 



(Srr tourte or arb, he became ; fie tourben, they became. 



PERFECT. 



3d; bin getoortcn, I have be- 'toir ftnt gctoortcn, we have be- 

 come ; come. 



>u bifl getoortcn, thou hast be- ilir frit getoorten, you have be- 

 come ; come. 



@r tfl gettcrben.. he has become ; fie ftnb getoorten, they have be- 

 come. 



