



the animal contained within, iU function 



<1 ;ii otli. r uf tanto. 



i . c(>iii]>l).-x tongne; bat 



used to tasto the sweat compound elabo- 



ra. An internal cavity to hold fcxxl 

 oSHary to its digestion is BO generally present in 



niiiiiMls, that it almost servos as a character whereby to out 



:i tho vegetable kingdom. A prompting to fill this 



; course always associated wiili thu organ; but 



ipting is automatic, instinctive, or rational, it 



A Bonse that may be pleasurable or painful 



:ue power of reasoning to make it useful. A 



pleasurable nor painful may utir but a 



blind to i s however, a lower impulse to action than 



i-v.-ii ! ;i li"th iiiU'lliiri-nco and sense may not be at 



nil i:r. /n the contact of food causes the sea anemone 



nrius around it, and force them into its month, 



In that sense is no link in tho chain of causes of this 



process of ingostion is parallel to that part of 

 . f swallowing which takes place in us after tho 



senses have done then-work, an I tin- tliru;it srurs tho morsel of 



food and carries it down to tho stomach by an involuntary act. 



uvtic and consensual acts are often as violent a those 



-<>n, so that eagerness in feeding is 



evidence of taste in tho lower animals. We abstain, 



re, from describing those various and interesting organs 



which lio in such a relation to tho entrance of the alimentary 



canal of snails, flies, bees, etc., as to have been called tongues, 



as though they were organs of sense. 



LESSONS IX GERMAN. XX. 



SECTION XXXVII. REFLECTIVE VERBS. 



REFLECTIVE verbs ( 86. 1, 2, etc.) aro those that represent 

 tho subject as acting upon itself, as: Gr beftnnt fid;, IM be- 

 thinks himself, etc. 



ia of this class ore much more numerous than in En^linh, 

 and are variously translated, as : (sr nud;t fid; fiber mid; hifluj, he 

 if merry over me (i.e., he ridicules nio). <Sv fyiirmt 

 1 KiiiiMi ^crliiji, he mourns over (or on account of) liia loss. 

 (*r frcut fid; ill-cv fcin lucf, he rejoices at his prosperity. Gr miter 

 fc|}t ftd; ten i'cfi-f'tcn tea ^rranncn, he opposes (himself to) tho com- 

 mands of tho tyrant. Dal *$utf) ^at fid; gcfuntcn, tho book has been 

 found (active form, tho book has made its appearance). cr 

 ( >immel tctecft fid) mit 93olfen, the sky is covered with clouds, ctt 

 \-{ fid) vcr unfcrn ?lun soflcnten V shall the outrage bo ac- 

 complished before our eyes ? Gr Kilt firf> in Berlin auf. ho (holds 

 f up) stops in Berlin. Crr F/at fid; bei let 5lrbcit ju (anac auf. 

 cchalten, he has Ocept himself) remained too long at the work. 

 J 86, 87.) 



.lufKilten fiber signifies to find fault with, to sneer at, to 

 , as : G?r ^alt fief; immer ubcr Jltcinigfeitcn auf, 

 ho is always finding fault tibout trifles (stopping over trifles). 

 G'r f)Ut ftd; ubcr 3f>rcn i'ricf auf, he criticises your letter. 

 Cr Ijiilt fid; fiber tie ganjc @cfcllfcf;aft auf, ho sneers at tho whole 

 company. 



VOCABULARY. 



/. K-iv.Tli- 1 .:..'. .: . . . c. 



n, to rage, to 

 roar. 

 lUbtl, i 

 IUIKII. to exorewe. 



, /. row, range. 

 6ammilii, to gather, 



eoli 

 Ctyatrn, to hurt, in- 



, ralf. 



m. Slavonian, 

 eirutel, m. whirl- 

 pool. 



.iur:cn, to plunge. 



arable. 



II ii .j.-m.jdj, n. uffliction 

 llnph'Uj, innomera- 



iJattnten, to nnite, 



<rttav'n, to coufiJe 

 it*. Utnufc. 



to 



SBiat, m. wind. 



'. > show, ex- 

 contract, to draw 



boi -....-. 



EKSUMK op EXAMPLES. 



Dtt Jtatfcr fyteft ft$ (rtttn ffimtrr 



in ter -dauptfhtt auf. 

 Tfr ivMter Ijalt fid; ubcr flntere 



auf. 



'-Pelf cmpinrt' ftd; gea.cn ten 



Sterna,. 



Die giicbfe graben fid; $i<fj(rn. 

 5>rr tap'ferc bltat' etnnrbt' fid; 



Wnhm tint <5$re. 



iiae frcut fid; uber nidjt*, 



cbg.lad; J cc fcljr rcid; tji. 



Gr fu.u nut Ijort tent Saufi^oi tcr 

 cnjaf'fcr ju. 



The emperor remained in tfa 



capital hut winter. 

 The derider sneers (find* fault 



with) at others. 

 The people rebel (rue) against 



the king. 



'! : ..-;., v .... - i. 



Tho valiant soldier acquire-* 

 fame and honour. 



The avaricious (man) doe* not 

 enjoy anything, although he 

 is very rich. 



He site and listens to the roar- 

 ing of the waters. 



EXEECIBE 70. 



1. 91 He u:ifle unt mpfe, d*e btftantio, sen ttt Cite 

 fammcln fid; tu tcr vltnu'fpljare, unt tntcm fie nd; r;rbuuen, 

 torau* SItcijcn, Sd;nte, 3lcbc(, unt jctt ant ere iSetiuterun^ in tec toft. 

 2. Dericniijc, tcr ftcfj tn ter 3ujen6 an Jlrbtit geroob,nt, btaiu^t im Ulttr 

 ni^t ju tarbcn. 3. Tic Sutwiflftrape in Mundftn jeicbna fu^ mr<^ one 

 JRet^e prad;trcHer $atdjic au. 4. Xiejeniqen 33erfcnen, wtU^t fi4 (tlW 

 loben, maefjcn fid; fcfjr eft licfjcvlidj. 5. Sic Stl^nt JlarU trf 0nfc> 

 mujiten fid; in ten SSaffcn, im iKeircn uat im 2d<icimmen ubto. 6. D*t 

 fu^ne Saucer icagt cS (Sect. XXXV. 4), fid; m ttn icbtnten 

 ju jiuvjcn. 7. cr 5Reitifd; fd;atet fid; fclbft mebr. aJ antrrn. 8. 

 grietvid; ter (35rcpe feiclt fid) oft \u %.: cd>lcfft Sanseonei, 



auf. 9. a CMutc belrhnt fieh felbfl. lu. T ^lanbigc |tijt fit* in 

 Ungemad; luic em gel* im iOictre. rccnn tie 'IVeereimsgen urn t^n lobtn. 

 11. !Ca* grojie. blatie (Mciri-lbc, nxld;t wir ^immel notnot, ifl ein net* 

 nuplidier 9iau'm, in welfhem tie (5rte, lie Bonne, ter i^nt unfc unjaWigt 

 ttrne fid; beiwa.cn. 1J. I > .Kraft, mil nxl*er t iWitflete ftc^ |B> 

 fammcnjieben unt auJtebnen. ift fe^t qrop. 13. i ; ielf 3R(nfd>ni eignot fiefr 

 fibel cmriinbtiten fo leitenfrfcafthd; an, tap fw titfelbtn fur SVtBrfBtfSf 

 fcet 9catr Iialttn. 14. Gin Jtmt an ter -&ant femer guten GUtrn farefctrt 

 fu^ nid;t, fo ter SEUenfcb, ter ^crtvaucn <u ctt bat. 15. T rnwe 

 jog fid; jiifammen, unl> beroegte fieb ton glune ju. 16. Xer Stint laqtrtt 

 fid; um tie tatt. 17. I'r jeithiute fich rcr ten anrfrn tun* Kin tarfere* 

 aSetraaen auS. 18. (5r furdtftt fi* for Slieniantcn 19. < halt fu$ 

 uber tic 2i>crte memco 3lad;bars auf. 



EXERCISE 71. 



1. The youth monrns at the loss of his parenta. 2. Mother 

 was pleaded when the letter from my sister was read to her. 3. 

 She consoled herself with the thought that she would arrive 

 soon. 4. Will you sojourn long in Italy ? No, it is not my in- 

 tention. 5. An honest man fears nothing. 6. The Slavonians 

 have rebelled against the Austria* government. 7. The Rngliah 

 troops distinguished themselves at tho battle of Waterloo by 

 their bravery. 8. He who rejoices at the downfall of another 

 deserves not the approbation of the virtuous. 9. He who 

 is vexed when another is praised in his presence, is a man who 

 does not deserve to be loved and honoured. 10. He who rejoice* 

 when his neighbour ia loved is a good-natured man. 



SECTION XXXVIII. REFLECTIVE VESBS (on(iaiO. 

 Many verba in German, as in other languages, especially when 

 used as reflectives, acquire in certain phrases a figurative sense 

 which deserves to be noted. Thus from \Q\dn. to send, we have 

 the reflective fid; fd;ulen. to send or throw one's self into, 

 adapt or conform to, as: Ter HKem* nui m tone 



Haft (In) i frbicfrn, man must adapt hiaiself to the times, to his cir- 

 cumstances. G fond t fi* nutt. t J* $u tbun. it is not proper to do 

 that. So from ftaajn, to ask, we have ft* py*, to fe ytntim 



