ANIM.M, 1'IIV 





ANIMAL J'll\ 



Tin: DUQAN OP TOU 



THK m ran of touch liavo boon placed lout in the lint, 



beoauMi! wo huvo boon all along proceeding from tin- m.-n- Hpociiil 



general sensation*. T . o i specially 



! iiml act apart to roooivo and interpret th<- hi/ht. Light 



i her moaning nor effect when applied to other part* of 



!y ; and the rotina U out of thu roach of other kinds of 



, uiitl i- quite insensible even to great heat, a* Professor 



Tymkil has shou y. The ear appreciates the 



aorial waves which uro otherwise unknown. Tho nose and 



When ay part is dLwrdored, a general feeling of depression 

 cannot be shaken off. The ana* at touch it allied to thii 

 general oonsdoasness, but it differs from it in th;. 

 sions an distinctly referred to the part* from which they 



- i th., iiiin.1 11 able v, 



with 



regard to the locality of the impressions which proceed from the 

 viscera, we know bat little except by reason. Hence ignorant 

 people will refer maladies yery wrongly. Thai we hear of 

 heartburn and stitch in the side. Nenroos people will flUrflnrtr 

 rheumatic muscular pain to the fangs, stomach complaints to 

 the heart, and lumbago to the kidneys. This wrong reference is 

 made even when the pain or inconvenience it oooMJonod by ft 



I. SECTION OF THE IlAinLESS SKIN (MUCH MAGNIFIED). II. SECTION OF THE HAIET SKIN (MITH MAC.SIFIEIO. III. TIP OF THK Fournwn. 



Eef. to Nos. in Figs. I., II. 1, epidermis or scarf skin ; (o), superficial layers ; (I)), rote mucosum. 2, cutis or vascular akin. 3, sub- 

 cutaneous layer, composed of fibres, enclosing i, sweat glands ; and 5, fat cells. 6, papillae. 7, hair bulbs a&d their papillae. 8, 9, 

 nutrient arteries. 10, oil glands. 11, hairs. 



mouth, though they aro less exclusively devoted to smell and 

 taste, and not so specially modified to receive these impressions 

 as aro the foregoing organs, yet their special sensations aro 

 peculiar. Tho sense of touch is more akin to what may be called 

 Common sensation, or general consciousness, and the organ is 

 nora widely extended and more intimately connected with other 

 functions than the organs of the other sensations. If the eyes 

 wore closed, and no objects presented to the senses of hearing, 

 taste, or smell ; and if, further, the body could be floated in a 

 liquid of such temperature and consistence as to present to the 

 mind no sensation of contact, there would still doubtless be a 

 general consciousness of the existence of the body, not only as 

 an intellectual deduction but as a sensation. Ti 

 forms an indissoluble link between mind and body. When all 

 goes well there is a feeling of pleasurable existence, which may 

 bo called general and massive, rather than special or intense. 



VOL. I. 



mechanical cause, as by distension or pressure ; but directly tbo 

 cause of theso obnoxious sensations reaches the skin, we can at 

 once fix on the locality. Thus we learn that the sense of touch 

 is distributed orcr the surface of the skin, and to those exten- 

 sions of it which proceed from it to line tho interior of the pas- 

 sages leading from tho exterior of tho body. The organ and 

 sense of touch does not go far as wo proceed into the interior of 

 the body by these passages. Thus tho throat is only sensitivo 

 to touch at its top part. The enmrtfawi of heat and cold pro- 

 ceeds further down towards the stomach, and below this all 

 local i > nsation ceases. 



hi .'..'M-riMiKr the organ of touch, we must therefore explain tho 

 nature . ment and its appendages, although in so doinp 



wo aro awaro that this internment has many other functions, and 

 is intimately blended with other structures which hare nothing U> 

 do with the sense, but which wo are compelled to notice. 



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