

411 



MAYOR: Stop hi* im.utli. 



I matter nut \ ""' f> urii. 





; Gentlemen, wo shall not bo at this trade always 



'.\ liti'l tin- ii. -x( i-o. inn .f ]i:Lrliiii:ii-i.' 



will ho ii l:iw iiiu-1-' Unit tin.-" tli.it uill n<.t i-.,iiform !-liall not 

 ha.\i' <: MI of tin- law. up lUiuthcr 



\rrdii-t. t'::it they may brin^' it in ^jL-ciiil. 

 .nut toll hi>\v to ilo it. 



I i. t.iincil, having all agreed, and 



14 MTiHct. 



i-.li.'t i.s Untiling. Yi.ll J.lay ilpull th" 



hull tf l) together anil liriiij,' in i.imtin r 

 i- \uii shall - i.i'--, r. ami 1 will have you carted ubout the 

 in Edward tho Third's timr. 



Wi- have given in our v.-nlirt, and all agreed to 

 it -, uiul if wo give in another, it will bo u tun-r upon us to save 

 our li 



'y the jury gave their verdict "not guilty" against 



both jirisoiii-rs. ainl t :u-h one of them aftiruiiMl tli name sepa- 



rati'ly ; wlu'ivupon tin- KVronL-r fined them forty marks 



IK! ordered them to be imprisoned till the fine nhould be 



pud. 



Imprisoned they were accordingly in the common gaol of 

 Newgate, a noisome, filthy den, which was a disgrace to any 

 ountry calling itself civilised. From Newgate, however, the 

 spirit which had made itself felt in opposition to the oppressive 

 conduct of the Recorder's Court made itself heard at the Court 

 of King's Bench. A writ of Habeas Corpus* was sued out and 

 made returnable immediately, and when the governor of Newgate 

 brought up his prisoners it turned out that they were detained 

 for in>n-paymont of fines imposed upon them on account of their 

 verdict. 



Chief Justice Vaughan, in one of the most learned and 

 masterly judgments ever delivered, went into the whole matter. 

 What ho said may be found in the sixth volume of the State 

 Trials, and in the collected judgments of the eminent Chief 

 Justice. The studious who have opportunity will do well to 

 seek the judgment there ; but we have all an interest in tho 

 gist of what he said, and that can be reproduced without such 

 careful search. He laid it down as law that the fines were 

 illegal, and that the imprisonment consequent on them was 

 irily illegal also. But he went on still further, and 

 il . -hired in effect that the Recorder had improperly refused to 

 receive the verdict of the jury, and that tho jury had an unques- 

 tionable right to give what verdict they pleased, the remedy for 

 a stupid verdict being in the discretion of a judge to order a new 

 trial on the ground of the verdict being contrary to the evidence ; 

 mid for a corrupt verdict, in the power of any one to prosecute a 

 juryman for perjury if committed wilfully in the course of his 

 duty as a juryman. 



As the law was thus settled It has remained ever since", few 

 occasions having arisen in which the rights of juries have been 

 imperilled. To Edward Bushell and his fellow-citizens we are 

 directly indebted for the establishment of tho law upon this most 

 satisfactory footing; and the occasion seemed to us so full of 

 -t, and the principle gained so full of importance, that we 

 have thought fit to make them the subject of this number of our 

 Historic Sketches. 



SYNOPSIS OF EVENTS IN THE LIFE AND REIGN OF 

 CUARLKS II. 



les II.. the second son of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria 

 <>f France, was the twenty-sixth king of England after the 

 Xonnun Conquest, and the third of the Stuart Dynasty. He 

 married a Portuguese princess, Catherine of Braganza, who 



* A writ of Habeau Corpus is an order which a judge is obliged. 

 UHiler a penalty of 500, to send ou petition of a prisoner, to tho 

 gaoler who detains him, requiring him to bring up tho body of his pri- 

 Mul to fchow cause why he detains him, no that the judge may be 

 satisfied as to the propriety or otherwise of the detention, and may 

 remit tho prisoner to custody or discharge him ns he may see fit. 

 This is a British subject's great safeguard against illegal or tyrannical 

 imprisonment. Wlicu the Habeas Corpus Act ia suspended, the writs 

 of course do not ruu. 



brought him as hr dower Tangier, in Maroooo; Bombay. U 

 o.OOO in money. Th fir^nanv-l 

 : M a place not worth the eatpenre 



<if lioldin n ' \>y an armed force ; while tho iwoood, now tho capital 

 five preaidcncu India, wa handed <m=r 



Kant India Company for a small annual quit-rent. 



LESSONS IN GEOMET11Y.- 



IN the last lesson (page 383) was given the method of drawing 

 a triangle eo^ial in superficial area to any regular : 

 figures, such as a square, rectangle, or parallelogram ; and, before 

 entering on the geometry of the circle, it only remains to si 

 the learner how he may draw a triangle equal in RnperiWal 

 area to any given irregular four-sided figure, whether it 

 trapezium or trapezoid (Defs. 31, 32, page 53), or to any ID 

 tilateral figure or polygon, whether regular or irregular ; 

 is to say, having its sides and angles equal on the onehand. 

 or having its sides and angles unequal on the other (. 

 page 53). It will be seen that either process is effe 

 by the aid of the knowledge of certain geometrical fact* 

 in connection with the triangle which hare been already ex- 

 plained. 



PROBLEM XXXIII. To draw a fruuyfc (kat 

 equal i,, ( ct.ira to any gioe* irreyitlar quadnlal 



^Let A B c D (Fig. 46) be the given irregular quadrilateral fifofe ; 

 it is required to draw a triangle equal to it in superficial I 

 Draw B D, one of the diagonals of the irregular quadn 

 figure or trapezium A B c D, and produce the aide c D, on which 

 the figure stands indefinitely towards B. Then through A draw 

 A F parallel to tho diagonal B D, and meeting o K in the point r. 

 Join B F ; the triangle B r r is equal to the trapezium A B on 

 That thin is true may be soon seen. After taking awaU 



