10 



THE POPULAR EDUCATOR. 



LESSONS 



FRENCH. XXVII. 



SECTION LVIIL USE OF THE VERB CHANGER (continued). 

 EXERCISE 111. 



Air, m. air. Guine'e, f. guinea. 



Avis, m. mi?id, mean- Jeune, young. 



ing. Maitre, m. master. 



Blanc, che, u>7iite. Manteau, m. cloafc. 



Combat, m. combat. Monnaie, f. change. 



Conduite, f. conduct. Mouille, e, trot. 



Gris, e, grey. [ Parce que, because. 



Passe 1 , e, past, last. 

 Pays, m. country. 

 Kentr-er, 1. to come in 



again. 



Vie, f. life, conduct. 

 Visage, m. countenance, 



face. 



1. Get homnie n'a-t-il pas change de vie ? 2. II a change 

 de conduite. 3. Cette grande maison n'a-t-elle pas change de 

 maitre ? 4. Elle a change de maitre ; le capitaine G. vient de 

 I'acheter. 5. Vons etes mouille, pourquoi ne changez-vous 

 pas de mantean ? 6. Parce que je n'en ai pas d'autre. 7. Votre 

 cousine ne change-t-elle pas souvent d'avis ? 8. Elle en change 

 bien souvenfc. 9. Pendant le combat, ce jeune soldat n'a-t-il 

 pas change de visage ? 10. II n'a point change de visage. 11. 

 Ce malade ne devrait-il pas changer d'air ? 12. Le medecin 

 lui recommande de changer de pays. 13. Ou est votre cheval 

 gris ? 14. Je ne 1'ai plus, je 1'ai change contre nn blanc. 15. 

 Avec qui 1'avez-vous change ? 16. Je 1'ai change aveo le jeune 

 homme qui demeurait ici le mois passe. 17. Le marchand 

 pent-il me changer cette piece de quarante francs ? 18. II ne 

 saurait (cannot) vous la changer, il n'a pas de monnaie. 19. 

 Avez-vous la monnaie d'une guiuee (change for a guinea) ? 20. 

 Combien de schellings y a-t-il dans une guinee ? 21. II y en a 

 vingt et un. 22. Votre petit garcon ne tarde-t-il pas a rentrer ? 



23. II tarde beaucoup. 24. Ne vous tarde-t-il pas d'aller en 

 Italie ? 25. n me tarde d'y aller. 



EXERCISE 112. 



1. Why do you not change your coat ? 2. For a very good 

 reason (raison, f.), because I have no other. 3. Has your 

 father changed houses ? 4. No, Sir, but we intend to do so 

 (de le faire) to-morrow. 5. Has that child changed his con 

 duct ? 6. He has changed his conduct, he is very good now 

 (maintenant) . 7. Was not your brother afraid ; did not his 

 countenance change ? 8. His countenance changed, but he 

 was not afraid. 9. Have you not changed rooms (chambre, f.) ? 

 10. I have not changed rooms, my room is very good. 11. Do 

 you not long to be in France? 12. I long to be there. 13. 

 Does not your mother tarry too long? 14. She is very long 

 in coming ? 15. Have you changed the forty franc piece ? 16. 

 I have not changed it yet ? 17. Why have you not changed it ? 

 18. Because your father has no change. 19. Have you the 

 change for a guinea ? 20. No, Sir, I have only twelve shillings. 

 21. How many cents are there in a dollar ? 22. There are one 

 hundred. 23. With whom have you exchanged your horse ? 



24. I have exchanged it with my brother. 25. I have ex- 

 changed it for a white one. 



SECTION LIX. 



1. We have given, in Section 9, rules for forming the plural 

 of nouns, but have, in accordance with our plan of not pre- 

 senting too many difficulties at once, deferred until the pre- 

 sent Section the rules for the formation of the plural of com- 

 pound nouns. 



2. When a noun is composed of two substantives, or of a 

 substantive and an adjective, both take the mark of the plural : 

 un chef -lieu, des chefs-lieux, a chief place, chief places; un 

 Chat-tigre, des chats-tigres, a tiger-cat, tiger-cats [ 10 (1) (3)]. 



3. When, however, two nouns are connected by a preposi- 

 tion, the first only takes the mark of the plural : un chef- 

 d'oeuvre, des chefs-d'oeuvre, a master-piece, master-pieces [ 10 



(2)]- 



4. In words composed of a noun and a verb, preposition, or 

 adverb, the noun only takes the mark of the plural : passe- 

 droit, passe-droits, injustice, injustices [ 10 (6)]. 



5. Words composed of two verbs, or of a verb, an adverb, 

 and a preposition, are invariable : un passe-partout, des passe- 

 partout, master-key, master-keys [ 10 (8)]. 



6. We have seen [Sect. 3, Ii. 4] that the name of the ma- 

 terial always follows the name of the object, and that both are 

 united by the preposition de. The name of the profession or 

 occupation also follows the noun representing the individual, and 



the same preposition de connects the two : un maitre d'armes, 

 a fencing-master ; un maitre de dessin, a dravjing -master ; un 

 marchand de farine, a dealer in flour [ 76 (12), 80 (4)]. 



7. The name of a vehicle, boat, mill, &c., always precedes 

 the noun describing the power by which it is impelled, or the 

 purpose to which it is adapted ; the name of an apartment, 

 that of the use to which it is appropriated. The connecting 

 preposition is a : un moulin a vapeur, a steam-mill ; un bateau 

 a vapeur, a steamboat ; un moulin a eau, a water-mill ; la salle 

 a manger, the dining-room [ 76 (13), 80 (5)], 



MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES. 

 Lille et Arras sont les chefs-lieux i Lille and Arras are the chief places 



des departemeuts du Nord et 



du Pas-de-Calais. 

 Les chemins de fer et les bateaux 



a vapeur sont tres nombreux en 



Aiuerique. 

 Cette maison contient un salon, 



of the departments of the North 

 and of the Pas-de-Calais. 

 Railroads and steamboats are very 

 numerous in America. 



That house contains a drawing-room, 



a dining-room, a kitchen, and 

 several bed-rooms. 



une salle a manger, une cui- : 

 sine, et plusieurs chambres a 

 coucher. 



Les moulins a vent sont plus j Windmills are more common in 

 communs en Prance que les < France than water or steam- 

 moulins a eau ou a vapeur. ! mills. 



EXERCISE 113. 



Armes, f .p. fencing. Dessin, m. drawing. Be mun-ir, 2. ref . to pro- 



Bat-ir, 2. to build. Engag-er, 1. to engage. vide one's self with. 



Bouteille, f. bottle. Faire bat-ir, 2. to have Vapeur, f. vapour, 

 Cabriolet, m. gig. .... built. steam. 



Chat-huant, m. screec?i- Ordinaire, usual. Voile, f. sail. 



owl. Eoue, f. wheel. Voiture, f. carriage. 



Chauve-souris, f. bat. Voyag-er, 1. to travel. 



1. Faut-il un passeport pour voyager en France ? 2. II en 

 faut un. 3. Les Anglais se munissent-ils de passeports pour 

 voyager en Angleterre ? 4. On n'a pas besoin de passeport 

 en. Angleterre. 5. Aimez-vous a voyager en chemin de fer ? 

 6. J'aime mieux voyager en chemin de fer que BUT les chemins 

 ordinaires. 7. Avez-vous apporte vos passe-partout ? 8. Je 

 n'ai point de passe-partout, je n'ai que des clefs ordinp.ires. 

 9. Votre frere est-il venu par un bateau a vapeur ? 10. II est 

 venu par un bateau a voiles. 11. Avez-vous une voiture a 

 quatre chevaux ? 12. Non, Monsieur, nous n'avons qu'un 

 cabriolet & un cheval ? 13. Votre frere a-t-il biiti nn moulin a 

 vapeur ? 14. II a fait batir deux moulins, 1'un a vent et 

 1'autre a eau. 15. Votre compagnon a-t-il engage un maitre 

 d'armes ? 16. Non, Monsieur, il a deja un maitre de dessin et 

 un maitre de danse. 17. Combien de chambres a coucher 

 avez-vous ? 18. Nous en avons deux. 19. Avez-vous une 

 bouteille de vin ? 20. Non, Monsieur, mais j'ai une bouteille 

 a vin (wine-bottle) [81]. 21. Voyez-vous les chats-huants ? 



22. Non. mais je vois les chauves-souris. 23. J'ai une voiture 

 quatre roues. 



EXERCISE 114. 



1. Is your father in England ? 2. No, Sir, he is in France 

 with my brother. 3. Have they taken passports ? 4. Yes, 

 Sir, they have taken two. 5. Is it necessary to have a pass- 

 port to travel in America ? 6. No, Sir, but it is necessary to 

 have one to travel in Italy. 7. Is there a steamboat from Calais 

 to Dover (Douvres) ? 8. There are several. 9. Is there a 

 railroad from Paris to Brussels (Bruxelles) ? 10. There is one 

 from Paris to Brussels, and one from Paris to Tours. 11. Has 

 your brother bought a wind-mill ? 12. No, Sir, but he has 

 built a steam-mill. 13. Are there many wind-mills in America ? 

 ! 14. No, Sir, but there are many water and steam -mills. 15. 

 Does your cousin learn drawing ? 16. He does not learn it, he 

 cannot find a drawing-master. 17. Is the fencing-master in 

 the dining-room ? 18. No, Sir, he is in the drawing-room. 19. 

 Is your cousin in his bed-room ? 20. No, Sir, he is out (sorti). 

 21. How many rooms are there in your house? 22. Five: a 

 kitchen, a dining-room, a drawing-room, and two bed-rooms. 



23. Are there screech-owls there ? 24. Yes, Sir, and bats too. 

 25. Have you seen those master-pieces ? 26. Yes, Sir, I have 

 seen them. 27. Have you sent them to the chief place of the 



1 department ? 28. I have sent them there. 29. Have you a 

 two-horse gig ? 30. I have a four-horse one. 31. Has your 

 brother a two-wheel carriage ? 32. He has a two-seat carriage 



i (a deux places). 



* 



