LESSONS IN ENGLISH. 



13 



LESSONS IN ENGLISH. XIV. 



DERIVATION : PREFIXES (concluded). 



Soli, of Latin origin (solus, alone), is seen in soliloquy (Latin, 

 loquor, I speak), a speaking alone, being the only speaker ; called 

 also a monologue ; and in solifidian (Latin, fides, faith), one who 

 supposes faith, and not works, a Zone necessary to justification. 



" Such is the persuasion of the Solifidians, that all religion consists 

 in believing aright." Hammond. 



Step, of Saxon origin, from steopan, to bereave, whence the 

 Anglo-Saxon, steop-cild, step-child, a child that is deprived of a 

 parent. From this use the term steop or tep was applied to 

 relatives that stood in a similar position, and thus we havesteop- 

 modor,ast?p-mother;steop-dohter, a step-daughter . steop-faeder, 

 a step-father ; steop-snnn, step-sou. 



Sub, in Latin, under, as in subterranean (Latin, terra, the 

 earth), under Die earth; submersion (Latin, mergo, Idip), dipping; 

 subscribe (Latin, scribo, I vyrite), to write the name under a 

 document. Sub may denote an inferior degree of the quality of 

 the adjective to which it is prefixed, as sub-acid ; sub-deacon, an 

 under-deacon (Greek, SIOKOUOJ, di-ak'-on-os, a servant). Sub 

 becomes sue in succession, succumb, etc. ; suf, in su/ficient, 

 suffragan, etc. ; sug, in suggest, suggestion, etc. ; um, in sum- 

 mons, etc. ; sup, in support, etc. ; sur, in surprise, etc. ; and tut, 

 in sustain, etc. 



" To nurse 



The growing seeds of wisdom that tuggttt, 

 By every pleasing image they present, 

 Reflections such as meliorate the heart, 

 Compose the passions, and exalt the mind." 



Coirpw, " Task." 



Subter, meaning under, is sub in another form, and appears in 

 subterfuge (Latin, fnga, flight), an evasion. 



Super, of Latin origin, the opposite of sub, signifies over, above, 

 as in supernatural, above nature ; supermundane, above the world 

 supervision (Latin, video, I see), overlooking. 



Vice, of Latin origin, signifying in the place of, as in vicegerent 

 (Latin, gero, I bear), one governing as a substitute, viceroy, or 

 vice-king," see Hakluyt; also, vice-chancellor, vice-president. 

 " In the yeare 1228, one Reginald was vicroy, or petie king of Man." 

 Holinshed. 



Vicar (Latin, vicanws), comes from vice, and so denotes one 

 wlw is in the place of another, hence a " vicarious sacrifice." 

 " Nature, the noire of the Almighty Lord. 

 That hole, colde, hevie, light, moist, and drie 

 Hath knit, by even number of accord, 

 In easie voice, began to speak and say." Chaucer. 



" Then it was devised that, by their common seal (which is the tongue 

 of their corporation), they might appoint a deputy or vicar to do it 

 for them." Spelman, "On T\/the." 



Viscount is made up of the same prefix that is, vice and 

 the Latin word comes, a companion, in low Latin count or earl ; 

 so that viscount (pronounced vi'count) is the deputy, the lieutenant 

 of the count or earl. 



" The viscont, called either proeom or vicecomtt in time part, go- 

 verned in the countie under the earle, but now without any such 

 service or office ; it is also become a name of dignity next after the 

 earle, and in degree before the baron." Holu*Ad, "Dsscnptvm o/ 

 England." 



Ultra, of Latin origin (ultra, beyond), IB used in uUromarine 

 (Latin, mare, the sea), properly, beyond the sea ; applied to colour, 

 fine blue. 



" Ultramarine or azure is a very light and a very sweet colour." 

 Dryden, " On Painting." 



The blue colouring matter of the lapis-laznli, or azure-stone, is 

 called ultramarine. 



Tin (Latin, virus, alive) appears in vivify, to moJbe olios ; and in 

 viviparous (Latin, pario, J bring forth), bearing (its young) alive. 



" The usual distinction of animals, with respect to their manner of 

 generation, has been into the oparous (Latin, ovum, an tgg) and trii- 

 parous kinds ; or. in other words, into those that bring an egg, which 

 is afterwards hatched into life ; and those that bring forth their young 

 alive and perfect." GoWsmitA, " A*inattd tfolur*." 



