LKSSONS IX (JUKKK. 



H 



Commit thoroughly to memory this table of 0ov\iva>, I 

 advise, which contains such parts of tho verb as you are likely 

 to wont in learning to form tho nouns, tho adjectives, etc. 



INDICATIVE MOOD. 



Present Active. Present Passive. 



8. 1. )9ouAi/-a>, I advise. /3ouAu-o/ioj, I am advised. 



2. /3ouAu-iy, thou advisest. 0ov\tvy, or i, thou art advised. 



3. jBouAi/-i, ho advises. /3oi/Au-Tai, he is advim-il. 



P. 1. &ov\<v-onfi>, wo advise. 0ovAv-o/i0a, we are advise. 1. 



2. /3ouA*u-r, you advise. &ov\tv-tff0t, you aro advised. 



3. 0ov\tv-ovffi (v), they ad- /3ouAu-ovroi, they are advised. 



vi-1'. 



IMPERATIVE MOOD. 



1. f)ov\tv-t, advise thon. /3ouAu-ou, be thou advised. 



2. &ov\fv-trt, advise ye. /3ouAi/-<r0<, be yo advised. 



INFINITIVE MOOD. 

 flov\fv(it>, to advise. fiov\fv-fa0at, to bo advised. 



The middle signification is sometimes best rendered by 

 another word ; thus, instead of saying, I advise myself, we may 

 say, I consult, or I take advice. 



Observe how these several changes in tho terminations aro 

 produced. The stem, or permanent form of tho word, is f)ov\fv. 

 To /SouAtu, the endings, o>, eiy, i, o/xtv, trt, ovvt, are added, 

 according to the person and number you may wish to form. 

 Thus, to form tho infinitive active, corresponding with our 

 English to advise, you add (tv to /SouAeu, and so produce 

 Bov\fv-t iv. If you wish to put into Greek our advise thou, you 

 add t to f3ov\fv, and so produce f3ov\fv-t, tho second person 

 singular of the imperative mood. You proceed in the same way 

 with any other verb. In order to make the matter clear, I put 

 the endings hero apart from any verb : 



PERSON - ENDINGS. 



INDICATIVE MOOD. 



Present Active. English Sign. Present Passive. 



Sing. 1. o> I ofjLat. 



2. (is thou ji, or et. 



3. ti he crcu. 

 Plur. 1. ofifv we o/j.(0a. 



2. (Tt you tff0. 



3. ovffi they cwrcu. 



IMPERATIVE MOOD. 



Situ;. < thou ov. 



Plur. tT< ye to-0t. 



INFINITIVE MOOD. 

 (iv to 



Ayav, too much. 

 Aft, always (English 



aye). 

 AA7)0*i;a>, I am true, 



I speak the truth. 

 AvSpfiwy, bravely. 

 AfiffTtvv, I am the 



best, I excel. 

 BtoTfvw, I live. 

 BA<xKcuo>, I am idle, 



luxurious. 

 Tpa(p<a, I write. 

 AicoKO), I pursue, 



strive. 

 Ei, if. 

 Eiro/uai, I follow 



(middle voice). 



VOCABULARY. 



E<rdia>, I eat, consume 

 EX>, I have ; x' 



with an adverb, it 



is ; as <x cl > ^ 



is well. 

 'H5fo>y, sweetly.plea- 



santly. 



0auua(*ici?, I admire. 

 Kai, and. 

 K.O.KWS, badly, ill. 

 KaAoir, well, beanti- 



fully. 



Ko\aK(va>, I flatter. 

 Maxofj.at(inth dative) 



I fight (middle 



voice). 

 MTpia>y,moderately. 



MTJ (with imperative, 



Latin ne), not, do 



not. 

 OSvpo/x<u,I complain, 



bewail. 

 Ov(before consonants, 



OVK or ot/x before 



vowels), not, no. 

 TlaiStvca, I educate. 

 na(a>, I play. 

 Uivfa, I drink. 

 nurrtvu, I believe. 

 2irfu5o>, I hasten, 



strive after. 

 4>evy<a, I flee (Latin 



fugio). 

 fya>, I blame. 



EXERCISE 1. 



1. Aft a\rj0fvt. 2. Xaipfrt. 3. Ewou. 4. MTJ otivptoHf. 

 'H8a>5 Piovtvca. 6. KoAoiy iraiSftumai. 7. KaAcur ypaftts. 

 Ei /caircoy "ypo^tiy, vf'fyp. 9. 2iri^i. 10. AvSptiwy 

 11. Ei coAa/ceuT*, OUK aA7j0t/fT*. 12. Ei KoAaKtvuy, ow iriOTfinj. 

 13. Qfvyoutv. 14. E <p(vyofitv, $itaKO/j.(0a. 15. Ka/ca>y <f>fi/"yTf. 

 16. Ei jSAaKt-tT*, i|/7f<r0. 17. Ei avSptivs paxtvOf, OavpafaffOt. 

 18. Ei KO\a.Ktvovcriv. OVK a\T}6tvov(ni>. 19. Oi> KaAwy X" <O'i'- 



20. KaAau x af8pMT fiax f<T0a *- 21. Ei Siwirr;, /iq <pivyt. 2%. 

 AcSpcictfi HOL\OV. 23. Ei ^Aaxft/ot/tri, i^ryofrcu. 24. Ei aAq6vu, 

 Ti(rrtn;. 25. Afi aprrt/T<. 20. Mtrpivt <r0i KCU ix KU 



EXERCISE 2. 



1. I am true. 2. Thou art true. 3. He is trne. 4. We are 

 true. 5. You aro true. 6. They are trne. 7. If I speak the 

 truth, I am believed. 8. Do not fight. 9. They fight, lu. 

 Follow ye. 11. Thou followest. 12. Ye follow. 13. He plays. 

 14. They fly. 15. If they flee, they aro pursued. 16. I am ad- 

 mired. 17. They are admired. 18. If they aro idle, they are 

 not admired. It). It is well to fight bravely. 20. Eat and 

 drink moderately. 21. They do not hasten. 22. If thou flat- 

 terest, thou art not admired. 23. He writes well. 24. They 

 write badly. 25. It is well to be always the best. 26. Yon live 

 moderately. 27. They eat too much. 



I will now give you some directions as to these oxoroian. 

 First, then, you must repeat each word in tho vocabulary until 

 you have impressed it indelibly upon your memory. Then pro- 

 ceed, with tho aid thus gained, to translate the Greek sentences 

 into English, and put the English words into their corresponding 

 Greek words, paying duo regard to the model or pattern given 

 you hero and in other cases. In translating from the one lan- 

 guage into the other, you may derive aid from consulting the 

 Greek and tho English as given in the exercises ; that is, if yon 

 aro translating from Greek into English, consult the exercise 

 given in English, finding the example most like the one you 

 have to translate ; and if you are translating from English into 

 Greek, then in tho samo way consult the exercise given in 

 Greek. Be not in haste to advance, but be very careful to do 

 everything thoroughly ; make every first step sure before you 

 attempt to take a second step. Bear in mind the Latin pro- 

 verb " festina lente," hasten slowly; in English, "slow and 

 steady wins the race." Do not be content with writing an exer- 

 cise once, write it again and again ; and when you think yon 

 have made it quite correct, then commit it to memory. 



The Greek is a language in which compounds are readily and 

 copiously formed. The Greek may, in consequence, be acquired 

 with comparative ease, provided the student is trained in the 

 formation of the compounds. The necessary instructions I shall 

 endeavour to impart. With this view I shall supply lists of 

 words etymologically connected with those which are given in 

 the vocabulary. A knowledge of one word will thus become to 

 the learner a knowledge of several. Let us take, as an iriHtaTioe, 

 the verb jBovAeuw, the present tense of which stands above. 

 BovAevai, I advise, comes from /3ouA7j, advice or counsel ; /SovAq 

 leads to flouAeia, the ditjnity or office of a counsellor; thence we 

 derive flov\fioy, a council-house ; jBoi/Acv/xa, a determination ; 

 ftov\evrr]s t a counsellor; fiov\tvyopi>, to speak in a council; be- 

 sides other terms. These words are again modified in meaning, 

 as well as multiplied by means of prepositions ; e.g., in combi- 

 nation with ffvf, with, /BowATj forms another set of terms, as 

 ffvfj.$ov\(vfta, a resolution ; o-nju/3ouAu<riy, the communication oj 

 a resolution ; ffw/x/3ouAt/TTjy, a joint counselor; au/x/BouAti/a-, J 

 give counsel ; <rvnftov\os, a senator. It would be easy to extend 

 this list But without going further, here are eleven words con- 

 nected in origin, form, and meaning with one word. When, 

 then, you know that one, you have a key to all the rest. With 

 a few roots, you thus see, yon would soon become master of a 

 copious vocabulary ; and as the roots of the language are not 

 numerous, the acquisition of it, when rightly studied, is by no 

 means a very difficult task. 



KB. The roots will be printed in capital*. Lot the Etymo- 

 logical Vocabulary, no less than tho above Vocabulary for the 

 Exercises, bo thoroughly committed to memory. 



ETYMOLOGICAL VOCABULARY. 



AAH0H2, trne. AP12TO2, best 



AArjfltwu, I am true. Apto~rtvea, I am best 



AAr/Oeia, truth. or first. 



A\i)0tv(ris, truthful- Api<rro<pw7)i, of the 



truth- 



best nature. 



JHTTO/IWTIJ, tho 

 speaking. I best soothsayer. 



;, true, ge- Apurrorovos, an ex- 

 nuine. cellent labourer. 



M<TTOTX*' T J J > an ei ' 



cellent artist. 



;, a trno 

 soothsayer. 



A/>rroitpttTfia, go- 

 vernment of the 

 bo*t, aristocracy. 



BIO2, life. 



BioTttxu, I live. 



Bio<T(Toos, life-saving. 



Biorcio, the art of 

 life. 



Bicwpflopio. a destruc- 

 tion of life. 



B<o. I am alive. 



