68 



THE POPULAK EDUCATOE. 



Dual. 



Nom. Ace. TU> 

 Gen. Dat. rotv 



TO) 

 roiv 



the. 



of or to the. 



There is no form for the vocative ; w, which is commonly 

 used, is an interjection. The way to learn the article (as well 

 as the adjective) is to repeat the parts first perpendicularly, 6, 

 TOV, T<f, rov, etc., and then horizontally, as 6, rj, TO, until you 

 are perfectly familiar with the whole. When you think you 

 have mastered the task, examine yourself by asking, What is 

 the accusative singular, feminine gender ? What is the nomina- 

 tive plural, masculine gender ? etc. ; and when you have given 

 an answer from memory alone, consult the book, to ascertain 

 whether you are correct. Finally, write out the article in full 

 from memory. Indeed, spare no pains to make yourself master 

 of the article. There is a special reason for this advice, since 

 the terminations of the article are, in the main, the same as the 

 terminations of the noun and the adjective. 



KEY TO EXEECISES IN LESSONS IN GKEEK. II. 



EXERCISE 1. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Always be true. 2. Rejoice ye (x.cupo>, I rejoice). 3. Follow. 4. 

 Do not complain. 5. I live pleasantly. 6. I am well educated. 7. 

 Thou writest beautifully. 8. If thou writest ill, thou art blamed. 9. 

 He hastens. 10. He ights bravely. 11. If you flatter, you are not 

 true. 12. If thou flatterest, thou art not believed. 13. Wjflee. 14. 

 If we flee, we are pursued. 15. You flee badly (like cowards). 16. If 

 you are idle, you are blamed. 17. If you fight bravely, you are ad- 

 mired. 18. If they flatter, they are not true. 19. It is not well to 

 flee. 20. It is well to fight bravely. 21. If thou art pursued, do not 

 flee. 22. Fight bravely. 23. If they are idle, they are blamed. 21. If 

 thou speakest the truth, thou art believed. 25. Always excel. 26. 

 Eat and drink, and play, moderately. 



EXERCISE 2. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. A\n6fv<*. 2. A\n9eveiv. 3. A\n9euei. 4. \\nOevonev. 5. A\nOevere. 

 6. A\n0euot/<ri. 7. Ei a\nfavn WKTTCI/O/UCU. 8. Mn na\etr0f. 9. MUXOKTUI. 

 10. 'Ejrecrtfe. 11. 'Effp. 12. 'Eneade. 13. Ilcufei. 14. Qevfoviri. 15. Ei 

 ipev^ovai <5ia>Koircu. 16. eavfj.afofj.ai. 17. eaujuafoin-ai. 18. E( (3\aKevov<riv 

 ov 0av/j.aovTai. 19. Ew exe< av&petuK payeaOai. 20. Merpiw? eer&e Kat wive. 

 21. Oi; cnevoovo-t. 22. Ei KoXaxevcif ou 9avfJ,aij. 23. Ka\<uf fpaQti. 24. 

 rpa^otKtt KaKwt. 25. Eu ex aei apiarfveiv. 26. MtTpitor /3<OTi/eT. 27. 



LESSONS IN SHORTHAND. XII. 



191. The following statement of the advantages which a knowledge 

 of Phonography confers ou the writer, will be found written, or 

 rather engraved, in shorthand in Mr Pitman's " Manual of Phono- 

 graphy." The only way in which \vc could exhibit it here would be 

 by having the characters eugraved ou wood, or metal, in relief, like 

 the specimens of Phonography which \ve exhibited in Lessons VI. and 

 VII. As this style of printing docs not represent Phonography to 

 advantage, nor even fairly, for Phonography when well written is 

 eminently beautiful, graceful, and flowing, we must refer the reader 

 to Mr Pitman's book, or to a page of one of the many phonographic 

 periodicals, for a pattern that he may safely imitate in his 

 writing. We can thoroughly recommend Mr. Pitman's book. 



ADVANTAGES OF SHORTHAND. 



192. The advantage of a practical acquaintance with the steno- 

 graphic art, to individuals in all situations of life, but more particu- 

 larly to literary men, is strikingly shown in the career of some who 

 have, for a course of years, used the "winged words" of stenography, 

 either in reporting for the press, or in their ordinary writing, and 

 who have thereby attained a mental elevation far beyond what would 

 have been possible in any other circumstances. EDMUND BURKE, 

 Judge TALFOURD, CHARLES DICKENS, and many other eminent 

 writers, may be fairly considered as having been indebted to their 

 engagements with the periodical press as reporters, in early life, for no 

 inconsiderable portion of their distinction in the literary world. It 

 may, perhaps, not be inappropriate to observe that Phonography, 

 with all the intellectual and social benefits that follow in its train, 

 has resulted from the seemingly trifling circumstance that the author, 

 at the age of seventeen, learned Taylor's system of shorthand from 

 Hardiug's edition, and that he was incited to the study chiefly by 

 the perusal of the following eloquent enumeration of some of the 

 advantages arising from the practice of the art, from the pen of 

 Mr. GAWTRESS, the publisher of an improved edition of BYROM'S 

 system : 



" Shorthand is capable of imparting so many advantages to per- 

 sons in almost every situation of life, and is of such extensive utility 

 to society, that it is justly a matter of surprise that it has not 

 attracted a greater share of attention, and been more generally 

 practised. 



" In England, at least, this art may be considered a National 

 Blessing, and thousands who look with the utmost indifference upon 

 it, are daily reaping the fruits of its cultivation. It is scarcely 

 necessary to mention how indispensable it is in taking minutes of 

 public proceedings. If all the feelings of a patriot glow in our 

 bosoms on a perusal of those eloquent speeches which are delivered in 

 the Senate, or in those public assemblies where the people are fre- 

 quently convened to exercise the birthright of Britons we owe it to 

 shorthand. If new fervor be added to our devotion, and an additional 

 stimulus be imparted to our exertions as Christians, by the eloquent 

 appeals and encouraging statements made at the anniversaries of our 

 various religious Societies we owe it to shorthand. If we have an 

 opportunity, in interesting judicial cases, of examining the evidence, 

 aud learning the proceedings with as much certainty, and nearly as 

 much minuteness, as if we had been present on the occasion we owe 

 it to shorthand. In short, all those brilliant and spirit-stirring 

 effusions which the circumstances of the present times combine to 

 draw forth, and which the press transmits to us with such astonishing 

 celerity, warm from the lips and instinct with the soul of the speaker, 

 would have been entirely lost to posterity, and comparatively little 

 known to ourselves, had it not been for the facilities afforded to their 

 preservation by shorthand. Were the operations of those who are 

 professionally engaged in exercising this art, to be suspended but for 

 a single week, a blank would be left in the political and judicial 

 history of our country, an impulse would be wanting to the public 

 mind, and the nation would be taught to feel aud acknowledge the 

 important purposes it answers in the great business of life. 



" A practical acquaintance with this art is highly favorable to the 

 improvement of the mind, invigorating all its faculties, and drawing 

 forth all its resources. The close attention requisite in following the 

 voice of the speaker, induces habits of patience, perseverance, and 

 watchfulness, which will gradually extend themselves to other pur- 

 suits and avocations, and at length inure the writer to exercise them ou 

 every occasion in life. When writing in public, it will also be absolutely 

 necessary to distinguish and adhere to the train of thought which 

 runs through the discourse, and to observe the modes of its connec- 

 tion. This will naturally have a tendency to endue the mind with 

 quickness of apprehension, and will impart an habitual readiness and 

 distinctness of perception, as well as a methodical simplicity of 

 arrangement, which cannot fail to conduce greatly to mental supe- 

 riority. The judgment will be strengthened, and the taste refined ; 

 and the practitioner will, by degrees, become habituated to seize the 

 original and leading parts of a discourse or harangue, and to reject 

 whatever is common-place, trivial, or uninteresting. 



" The memory is also improved by the practice of stenography. The 

 obligation the writer is under to retain in his mind the last sentence 

 of the speaker, at the same time that he is carefully attending to the 

 following one, must be highly beneficial to that faculty, which, more 

 than any other, owes its improvement to exercise. And so much are 

 the powers of retention strengthened and expanded by this exertion, 

 that a practical stenographer will frequently recollect more without 

 writing, than a person unacquainted with the art could copy in the 

 time by the use of common-hand. 



" It has been justly observed, ' this science draws out all the powers 

 of the mind; it excites invention, improves the ingenuity, matures 

 the judgment, and endows the retentive faculty with the superior 

 advantages of precision, vigilance, and perseverance.' 



" The facility it affords to the acquisition of learning ought to 

 render it an indispensable branch in the education of youth. To be 

 enabled to treasure up for future study the substance of lectures, 

 sermons, etc., is an accomplishment attended with so many evident 

 advantages that it stands in no need of recommendation. Nor is it 

 a matter of small importance, that by this art the youthful student 

 is furnished with an easy means of making a number of valuable 

 extracts in the moments of leisure, and of thus laying up a stock of 

 knowledge for his future occasions. The pursuit of this art materially 

 contributes to improve the student in the principles of grammar and 

 composition. While tracing the various forms of expression by 

 which the same sentiment can be conveyed ; and while endeavoring 

 to represent, by modes of contraction, the dependence of one word 

 upon another, he is insensibly initiated in the science of universal 

 language, and particularly in the knowledge of his native tongue. 

 " The rapidity with which it enables a person to commit his OWB 



