N.A.V. crici-a. X u P' a - /**. ff$vp-a. Movff-a. 

 G.D. (TKi-oii'. \u'p-aii'. ^Ltv-cuy. ff&vp-atv, Mouo'-aii' 



A mina is a Greek coin, equal to about .4 English. Its root 

 is akin to the- English money, the Latin moneta, and the Hebrew 



In nouns ending in 77, the 77 remains in all the cases of the 

 .inuuliir number. In nouns ending in a two kinds are observ- 

 able : 



1st. The nominative in d (a long) or & (a short), and the o re- 

 mains in all the cases when it is preceded by p, or the vowels t 

 and i (in this last instance the a is called alpha pure) : thus, 

 X*pa, x^P 05 ' etc - ! '&"> / orm > 'Seas ; ffoipta, wisdom, <ro<pias ; 

 xp*'o, utility, xP" as ' tvvoia, benevolence, favour, twotas. 

 Hereto belong contracted nouns in d, as uvu.; also aXaXd, a 

 war-cry ; and some proper names in d, as AvSpo/ucSd, Andro- 

 : ATjSd, Lf'lii. ; 4>t\ofj.rt\a, Philomela. 



2nd. The nominative ends in a (a short) ; the a, however, re- 

 mains only in the accusative and the vocative ; in the genitive 

 and dative it is changed into 77 when the a is preceded by XX, a, 

 ffff, rr, , {, ty, and (in general) v. 



When a is preceded by t or a, a contraction takes place in 

 some words, the o being changed into 77, and oa into 5 ; the last 

 syllable ia then circumflexed in all the cases ; see the declension 

 of ffvicr) (ffvicta) and fiva (favaa). 



According to these paradigms, decline the feminine gender of 

 adjectives of three terminations. The feminine gender of these 

 adjectives ends in a when preceded by t or p. The adjectives in 

 oos have oa in the feminine when o is preceded by p , otherwise 

 they end in 077 ; thus aBpoa, dense; 078077, eighth. 



NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES COMBINED. 

 FIRST DECLENSION. 



Singular. 



Fair Honour. Just Opinion. Hateful Land. 



KoATj TifiTj. SiKaia yvwpr). *x"P a X^P"- 



Nom. 



Gen. 



Dat. 



Ace. 



Voc. 



Nom. 



Gen. 



Dat. 



Ace. 



Voc. 



KOXTJV TIJUIJI*. 



*caXrj Tijurj. 



KaXai TI/J.O.I. 

 KO.\UV rtiMwif. 

 /caAais ri/xaty. 

 xaAas Tijuaj. 

 KaXai rijuai. 



SiKata yvccuT]. 

 SIKP.IO.V yvdinnv. 

 OiKaia 71/01^77. 



Plural. 



SiKaiai yvccfj.a.1. 

 SIKOICOP yvtt>fjL(jjv. 

 Si/icuais yvccfj.ct.LS. 

 SiKaias yvwuas. 

 SiKaiui yv(afj.ai. 



Dual. 



X0pat 



N.A.V. KaAa Tijua. SiKaia yvupa. 



G.D. KoXaic Tijuaii'. StKaiaiv yvta^aiv. 



Write out in full the following nouns: MrjSeia, Medea.; 

 aXTjOtio, truth; poipa, fate; apovpa, arable land; 8o{a, opinion. 

 Write out also, in pairs, as in the last table, these nouns and 

 adjectives, namely, fjuxpa pavia, slight madness ; fuucpa XWTTT?, 

 tang grief; /3pax rjSoinj, shmt pleasure; iraffa. ata, all 

 wickedness. 



VOCABULARY. 



77, ca- 



A7, I lead, drive. 



A8iK(o.as,7(, injustice. ' arise. 



A8oXeo-xia, os. 77,gar-' Aio/SoXTj, 



rulity, talkative- 1 lumny. 



ness. A*c7j, TJS, 77, justice. 



AXijfltjTj, true. E.IKU, I yield. 



ATxo^a, I keep 77077* XXo/xaj, I pro- 



myself from, ab- j mise. 



stain from. I ^0701, I bring on. 

 ApeTTj, TJS, TJ, virtue. 

 Bio, os, 77, force. 

 BorfOcra, as, 77, assist- 



Ttyvofiai, I become, I KOKJO, as, 77, wicked- 

 ness. 



KapSia. as, 77, the 

 heart. 



Kara<f)v777, T7S, it, a 

 refuge. 



Au/*77, TJS, T), outrage. 



AUTTTJ, TJS, TJ, grief. 



Aypo, as, 77, a lyre. 



Auo>, I undo, loose, 

 dissipate. 



Mfpt/ui/a, TJS, 77, anxi- 



Gfpairtvu, I attend 



to, heal, court. 

 Koi. and. 



7. 



1. MTJ nKt rp /3ia. 2. *H Xi/pa fuptnvai Ay ( . 3. 'H 

 a77fXXfrai Karatfivyrjv KCU &ui)fitiuv. 4. *H fttfii^fa Tr,v 



5. 0powf vrr* TU.I Movffat. 6. Mrj wttBou 8ia3uA<us. 

 'H SIKT) voAAaKii rp aSiKia tiKti. 8. IloXXfurif x a ^*1' 

 Ttipofj.t6a. 9. TTJV aXoXfO-xtcu' Qtuytrt. 10. *H itattta 

 ttrccyti. 11. Tpviprj aSiKiav KOI irX>i/(u' ritcrti. 12. 

 Tf>v<jn)t> wt \vfj.riv. 13. Aio apTr)i KCU ff\nn\0ti 

 ytyvtrcu. 



EXERCISE 4. ENOLIHH-GRBEK. 



1. Abstain from force. 2. He abstains from force. 8. He 

 does not abstain from force. 4. They abstain from force. 5. 

 Avoid injustice. 6. Tou avoid injustice. 7. I avoid iojtutioe 

 as madness. 8. Force brings grief. 9. Through justice plea- 

 sure arises. 10. True friendships arise through virtue. 11. 

 The heart is grieved by poverty. 12. Anxious cares are dissi- 

 pated by the lyre. 



ETYMOLOGICAL VOCABULARY. 



N.B. Observe especially, that when $<Xos, in composition, is 

 a prefix, it is active ; but when a suffix, it is passive, as : *iAo- 

 Sios is loving God; but 0o<pjAos is beloved by God, 



SECONDARY COMPONENTS. 



ra^uos, marriage. 



Tftruv, a neigh- 

 bour. 



PcXotos, laughable. 



TcAws, laughter, 

 mirth. 



rtiTjffis, begetting, | 'ITTITOS, a horse. 

 fromytwtut,! beget Moxn, a fight, a con- 

 rxoio-o-o (or 7Xu>TTo), 



a tongue. 

 Aaifiuv, a divinity. 

 ATJ/IOS, the people. 



test. 



+opos, bearing, from 

 <p*poi, I bear, pro- 

 duce. 



By the help of these " Secondary Components " and the 

 Vocabulary, the learner ought to be able to give the meanings 

 of the several derivative words. Words, the roots of which hare 

 occurred previously, as ypatyta. in liicaypcupia, are not repeated 

 under the head of " Secondary Components," unless for special 

 NMOOI 



In 7T07w you see a preposition prefixed to a verb ; a> is 

 made up of tin, upon or to, and 070* (Latin, ago), I lead or con- 

 duct. Hence crayw means I lead to. Instead of m, we might 

 have had the preposition OTTO, as in avayta. Now cnro means 

 from, away from ; accordingly, oira7w is, I lead away. With 

 ova, which denotes motion upward*, 0701 in the form of accry** 

 signifies, I lead up ; and with KOTO, as in MOTOT*), the same root 

 means, I lend down. You thus see how the prepositions an 

 used as prefixes, and how, as such, they modify the signification 

 and increase the vocabulary. A comparison of the English 

 " meanings " with the Greek verbs as just given, will show that 

 what we express by an uncombined verb and an adverb or prepo- 

 sition, the Greeks express by a verb and a prefix in combination. 



It may be well distinctly to state, though it has been already 

 implied, that the genitive in Greek is to be Englished by of, and 

 the dative by to. Sometimes from is a better translation of 



