130 



THE POPULAR EDUCATOE. 



Dindymene or Cybele ; at Eleusis, in the great temple to Ceres, 

 in the temple of Minerva at Sunium ; and in the temple of the 

 same goddess at Athens, called the Parthenon ; in the entrance 

 to the Acropolis, and in other public buildings of great magni- 

 tude and splendour at Athens. In many of the islands of 

 Greece and Magna Grascia, there were also temples of the Doric 

 Btyle of architecture, as that of Apollo, in Delos ; of Juno, in 

 Samos ; of Jupiter Panhellenius, of jEgina, and of Silenus, in 

 Sicily ; and many others in places of inferior note. Many of 

 these temples were of great magnitude. They were universally 

 of an oblong form. In some the porticoes 

 were only at the end, in others they were 

 extended right round the interior of the 

 building, some in single, and others in 

 double ranges. Some were covered with 

 roofs, others were left partly uncovered, 

 and some were divided by ranges of pillars 

 along the middle of the interior. The super- 

 structure was placed upon a platform com- 

 posed of three steps, which surrounded the 

 whole building, and upon which the columns 

 were all placed without bases. The num- 

 ber of columns were either six along the 

 ends, and thirteen along the sides, or eight 

 along the ends, and seventeen along the 

 sides. When built upon so large a scale, 

 with the ranges of columns so distinctly 

 isolated, the essential parts of the Doric 

 order produced effects not surpassed for 

 simplicity and majesty ; and even the im- 

 perfect remains which have escaped the 

 ravages of time and barbarity appear to 

 have far exceeded the expectations of con- 

 noisseurs. In the earlier examples of this 

 order the diameters of the Doric columns 

 were very considerable in proportion to 

 their height. For instance, the column 

 of the temple of Silenus, in Sicily, was 

 only five diameters in height, but in the 

 course of time these relative dimensions 

 were changed, and a proportion more adapted to the pro- 

 duction of delicate effect was introduced. The Doric style of 

 architecture was, with very few exceptions, the only one em- 

 ployed in Greece or its European colonies in Sicily and Italy, 

 and in Asia Minor, until after the period of the Macedonian 

 conquest. In Asia Minor, and particularly in Ionia, there 

 speedily arose, subsequent to that period, an order of architec- 

 ture more elegant than the Doric. But our notice of this order 

 must form the subject of our next lesson. 



DORIC COLUMN. 



LESSONS IN GREEK. V. 



NOUNS OF THE FIEST DECLENSION (continued). 

 THAT the learner may have sufficient practice in declining ferni- 



EXERCISE 5. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Ty Kama an/j.ia eTrertu. 2. 'Pafiuas (pepe rr\v irtvtav. 3. 

 Bpovrri etc Aa/uirpas affrpa-n-rjs yiyverat. 4. 'H apeTTj eerOATjj' So<w 

 *X I - 5- Ev^o/xia evBvvei Sitcas crKoAias. 6. AIKTJ SIKTJJ' riKrei KCU 

 7. AyaOnv Siairav aye. 8. KaT%e 



9. 'H Tvxrj iroAAa/cjs ftera^oAas ex*i. 10. T-rjv ireinav (pep f re. 

 11. A< AayiiTrpai rvxai paSius itnrrovcriv. 12. 4>epe ras rvxas. 13. 

 'H aperj OVK eiKet rais THICKS. 14. AirexecrQe raiv xaAeTra>i' wepi/u.- 

 vtov. 15. 'H j8a<nAeia \a/j.wpav /BacnAeiav e^ei. 16. 'H oroATj eori 

 17. KaAas trroAas fxl ji(v - 



EXERCISE 6. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Flee cares. 2. Baseness begets dishonour. 3. Virtue 

 follows fame. 4. They bear poverty easily. 5. Poverty is 

 borne easily. 6. You bear poverty easily. 7. Thou hast changes. 

 8. Abstain from baseness. 9. They have a beautiful robe. 10. 

 Do not yield to fortune. 11. They yield to fortune readily. 

 12. Do ye restrain (Iwld back) the tongue (that is, in English, 

 your tongue). 13. Wrong judgments are made right. 



Having in the previous lesson treated of feminine nouns of 

 the first declension, I now pass on to 



MASCULINE NOUNS OF THE FIRST DECLENSION. 

 EXAMPLES. 



Mercury. 

 'Ep/xTjs (ees). 

 'Ep/jiov. 



A youth. 

 year as. 



'Epnai. 



'Epficav. 



'Epjua?s. 



'Ep/j.as. 



'Ep/tal. 



'Ep^ia. 



Sing. 



Plur. 



Dual. 



The vocative of such nouns as have TJS in the nominative 

 singular ends in a in the following cases, namely 



1. In all nouns in TTJS, as TOOTTJS, an archer, vocative TOOTO ; 

 irpo<f>TjTTjs, a foreteller, a prophet, vocative irpotynra. 



2. In all substantives in js compounded of a substantive and 

 a verb, as yftafj.erprjs, a land-measurer, a geometrician, vocative 

 yetaperpa ; /xupoircoATjs, a perfv/mer, juupoirwAa. 



3. In names of nations in TJS, as IlepcrTjs, a Persian, Tlepera. 

 Several nouns in ds have the genitive that is customary in 



the Doric dialect,* ending in d, e.g., irarpaAoids, -d, the slayer of 

 a father ; yUTj-rpaAotas, -d, the slayer of a mother ; opj/i0o0Tjpas, -d 

 (also ou), a bird-catcher ; also several proper names, as SuAAas, -d, 

 Sylla; finally, contracted nouns in ds, as Boppas (from Bopeas), 

 genitive Bop/id, the north wind. 



According to these models decline adjectives of one termi- 

 nation, in TJS and as e.g., efleAoj'TTjs iroAiTTjs, a willing citizen ; 

 /j.ovias veavias, a lonely youth. 



A masculine noun and adjective of the first declension are 

 inflected thus : 



efleAoj/TTjs apoTTjs, a willing ploughman. 

 Sing. Nom. eQf\ovrr,s aporrjs, a willing ploughman. 



Gen. tQeKovrou aporov, of a willing ploughman. 

 Dat. efleAopTTj apoTTj, to or by a willing ploughman. 

 Ace. tdeKovrnv apoT-rjv, a willing ploughman. 

 Voc. tOf\ovra apora, willing ploughman. 



Plur. Nom. tQe \ovrai aporai, willing ploughmen. 



Gen. eQe\ovr(av aporcav, of willing ploughmen. 



Dat. fdf\ovrais aporais, to or by willing ploughmen. 



Ace. eetXovras aporas, willing ploughmen. 



Voc. fOe \ovrai aporai, O willing ploughmen. 



Dual. N.A.V. e6e\ovra apora, two willing ploughmen. 



G.D. t:6f:\ovraiv aporaiv, of two willing ploughmen. 



In addition to the exercises given above, in declining adjectives 

 of one termination in TJS and as, the learner should write out at 

 length the nouns given in the following vocabularies. 



* The " Doric dialect " was a form of the Greek tongue employed 

 by the Dorians. As Greece was divided into several small states, so 

 there were several dialects, such as the Doric, the Ionic, the Attic. 

 These dialects must oe distinguished from our provincialisms, for they 

 were in their own locality severally classical. The Attic, however, is the 

 generally recognised form of the Greek tongue in its highest perfection ; 

 and the writings of Xenophon (Attic) are accounted the model for prose 

 in Greek, as Cicero's writings are held to be t/te model for Latin prose. 



