THE POPULAE EDUCATOR 



EXERCISE 13. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. To /coXoj/ fff-ri ne-rpov TOV fitov, ov% 6 xpovos. 2. 'O 6a.va.Tos 

 rovs avQptairovs airo\vei irovwv Kai KO.KWV. 3. 'O oivos evcppatvei 

 TOVS TWV avQptairtav 6vfj.ovs. 4. ~2,vv fj.vpiois irovois TO Ka\a yiyve- 

 rai. 5. To Ceiov TOVS Kaicovs ayfi irpos Tt\v SIKTJJ'. 6. IIio'Tos 

 <pi\os xpvffov Kai apyvpov aios tffTiv tv ^aA.6irjj SixoffTaffiq. 7. 

 IIo\A.ai voffoi ev avdpcairois fiffiv. 8. Bov\r) fts ayaOov ayei. 9. 

 Siyrj veai Tip.t]v (pepet. 10. 'H Ovpa. fio^Xois K\fierai. 11. 'H 

 Tt^vrj TOVS avdpcairovs Tpec/jei. 12. fl <pi\oi /j.a6r)Tai, rrfS ffo<pias 

 KUI rrjs aperijs opeyfffOe. 



EXERCISE 14. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. By death (dat.) men are set free from labours. 2. Many 

 labours follow life. 3. The wisdom of the Divinity leads good 

 men to happiness. 4. Follow the words of the judge. 5. The 

 words of the youth are bad. 6. The lyre dissipates (\v<a) the 

 cares of the mind. 7. Silence becomes a boy. 8. Art nourishes 

 good men. 9. The bolt shuts the door. 



KEY TO EXERCISES IN LESSONS IN GREEK. V. 



EXERCISE 5. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Dishonour follows vice. 2. Bear poverty easily. 3. Thunder 

 arises from shining lightning. 4. Virtue has excellent repute. 5. 

 Regard to law sets right wrong judgments. 6. Justice begets justice, 

 and injury injury. 7. Pursue a good manner of living. 8. Restrain 

 your tongue. 9. Fortune often has (brings) changes. 10. Bear ye 

 poverty. 11. Splendid fortunes easily fall. 12. Bear thou fortunes 

 (changes of fortune). 13. Virtue yields not to misfortunes (fortunes). 



14. Abstain from hard (severe) cares. 15. The queen has a splendid 

 kingdom.* 16. The robe is beautiful. 17. We have beautiful robes. 



EXERCISE 6. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. <J>i7e rar fiepi^var. 2. 'H Kama rtKrci arifjuav. 3. 'H aperrj ioty 

 irtfrat. 4. 'I'u<5<wr tpepovcrt rr\v irtviav. 5. 'H irfvtat <j>fpercu paotat. 6. 

 *epeTC rr\v rceviav paotiat. 7. EXCIC >iTa/3oXar. 8. Awex " T 1f KoKiar. 9. 

 KaXriK 0-ToXrji/ f\ovtrt. 10. Mr7 ftKf rrf TX[7- 11. 'PaSiwt fiKovtri TJJ rv\tj. 12. 

 KarcxtTe rt\v f \utrrav. 13. ZxoXtut Stunt fvQvvovrat. 



EXERCISE 7. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Learn wisdom, O young man. 2. Politeness becomes a citizen. 

 3. We blame the talkativeness of a youth. 4. Avoid injustice, O citi- 

 zen. 5. We admire the art of the bird-catcher. 6. It is proper for 

 auditors and spectators to keep silent. 7. O sailors, avoid the north 

 wind. 8. The north wind (compare our Boreas) often injures sailors. 

 9. citizens, strive after virtue. 10. The Sybarites were voluptua- 

 ries. 11. Sailors have to do with the sea. 12. Flee, O Persian. 13. The 

 Spartans have an honourable reputation. 14. I avoid a youth (who is) 

 a voluptuary (or a voluptuous youth, or a youth given to pleasure). 



15. Abstain from chatterers. 16. Hear, O master (sovereign lord) . 



EXERCISE 8. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Qfvjtrt, co Ilepcrai. 2. IloX(Ta(r Kptirtt tj aperri. 3. TFJC fov%ia.\i a-yetv 

 irpotrnKet 7roXiT7. 4. Mavtfaverf, to veavtat, rtjv voipiav. 5. Trjv ffo^xai/ /uay- 

 Oavovat. 6. TIJV aoiptav navtfuvfre. 7. Tnv <ro<ptav /jtavOavta. 8. 'H aotyta. 

 Hav9averat. 9. Neawa TTpejrei ) ei/Koayiia. 10. Mr) /SXairre, o> /?oppa, rout 

 vauTa?. 11. <t>evye, ta vavra, TOV /SoppaK. 12. 'O /Soppur ^etvyeTai. 13. Opefov, 

 <i> STTapTiaTa, Trjf 3ofr)r. 14. 'Hcrux'"" a-ytre, ta ado\e<r\at. 15. A6oXt<r\ov 

 airtxerf. 



EXEBCISE 9. GREEK-ENGLISE. 



1. The bravery of the Spartans was admirable. 2. Flee, O young 

 man. 3. Do you flee, O lovers. 4. Thieves are avoided. 5. Justice 

 becomes Judges. 6. It is the duty of soldiers to fight for the citi- 

 zens. 7. Avoid liars. 8. It is the part of a master to take care of 

 his domestics. 9. Do not trust a liar. 10. Art supports the artist. 

 11. From liars thieves are produced. 12. The Spartans were lovers of 

 glory and honour. 13. Shipwreck often arises from the north wind. 

 14. We admire the skill of Hermes (Mercury). 



EXERCISE 10. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. OS Trir 3ofr]r fpaarat ov <f>fvyovrat. 2. Ol \l/fv(rrat rrtt aXtjOeiar owe etatv 

 cpaorat. 3. 'H rov ~S.Trapna.rov apfrr\ davfjiacrr/i r\v. 4. Mrj irtarevfrf, a> Swap- 

 TiaTai, TOI? ^t/fvaratv. 5. 'H rov 'Ep/iou Texvrj nv OavfjLaarri. 6. Tfjv rtav STrap- 

 TiaTUK apfrt]V Sanjuaf ofj.fv. 7. "tEwyc ^l/fvarnv, ta 2irapT<aTa. 8. Eart oetrvorov, 



LESSONS IN GEOGRAPHY. XIX. 



CONSTRUCTION OF THE MAP OF THE WORLD. 



To construct a Map of the World, consisting of the Eastern 

 and Western Hemispheres, as in page 144, on the common 

 projection, which is done without any regard to the principles of 

 perspective, or the distance of a point of view, is the simplest 

 thing in the world to him who knows how to make a circle pass 

 through any three points on a plane, which are not in the same 

 straight line. The method of doing this has been clearly shown 

 in Problem XXXVI. in Lessons in Geometry, XV., page 49 of 

 this volume. 



Now, to make the necessary projection for drawing the Map of 

 the World, as shown in our last lesson, first draw two circles of 

 any convenient, but of the same size, and draw in each two dia- 

 meters, 0, 0, and North Pole and South Pole, at right angles to 

 each other (Lessons in Geometry, Problem I., Vol. I., page 156) \ 

 then divide each quadrant of these two circles and each radius 

 or half of the two diameters into nine equal parts. Mark the 

 divisions of the quadrants between and North Pole, and between 

 and South Pole, with the numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 

 and 80 ; then it will be understood that at the point 0, the mark 

 is degrees, while at the North or South Pole the mark is 90 



* In the Greek the distinction between the words for queen and 7ci?ig- 

 dom is made merely by the accentuation : thus, queen, fiatriXfta, has the 

 accent on the antepenult (the last syllable but two, reckoning from the 

 end), whereas /3a<nXi'o, kingdom, has the accent on the penult, or the 

 last syllable but one. 



Next, mark the diameters of the two circles which are drawn 

 across the page from to with the word Equator ; the centre 

 of the Eastern Hemisphere with 70 ; and the centre of the 

 Western Hemisphere with 110 ; then, in the Eastern Hemisphere 

 mark to the left of 70 the numbers 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 0, 10, 

 and 20 ; and to the right of 70, the numbers 80, 90, 100, 110, 

 120, 130, 140, 150, and 160. These are to denote the degrees of 

 longitude, the first meridian being that marked 0, and the others 

 at 10 degrees distance from each other ; the meridians to the 

 right of that marked being in east longitude, and those to the 

 left being in west longitude. 



Having done this, in the left-hand circle or Western Hemisphere 

 mark to the right of 110. the numbers 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 

 30, and 20 ; and to the left, the numbers 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 

 170, 180, 170, and 160 ; but here it is necessary to remark, that in. 

 this hemisphere, all the numbers are degrees in west longitude, 

 except the last-mentioned two, 170 and 160, which are in east 

 longitude, because these are the continuation of the degrees in 

 the Eastern Hemisphere, to the right, which stopped at that 

 point, namely, 160. The degrees of longitude, whether east or west, 

 must be limited by 180, because this number extends over one- 

 half of the globe either way, and the meridian marked 180 is 

 the continuation of the meridian of Greenwich, that is, the 

 circle which passes through 0, 180, and the two poles, in the 

 meridian of Greenwich ; there are some, however, who call the 

 semicircle which extends from pole to pole, through any given 

 place, the meridian of that place ; and the opposite semicircle, 

 the anti-meridian ; but it is better to consider the meridian as a 

 complete circle. Lastly, mark the semi-diameters or radii of each 

 circle or hemisphere which are at right angles to the diameters 

 marked equator, with the numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 

 and 80, placed consecutively from the centre of each to the 

 poles north and south. 



Now draw arcs, or portions of circles, through the two points 

 marked 80, on the north quadrants, and the point marked 80 on 

 the north radii of both circles, and this will give the projection 

 of the parallel of north latitude of 80 in the Northern Hemi- 

 sphere ; do the same in the south quadrants and south radii of 

 both circles, and this will give the projection of the parallel of 

 south latitude of 80 in the Southern Hemisphere. Next, draw 

 arcs, or portions of circles, through the two points marked 70 on 

 the north quadrants, and the point marked 70 on the north radii 

 of both circles, and this will give the projection of the parallel of 

 north latitude of 70 in the Northern Hemisphere ; do the same 

 in the south quadrants and south radii of both circles, and this 

 will give the projection of the parallel of 70 in the Southern 

 Hemisphere. Proceed in the same manner until you have pro- 

 jected on the map all the parallels of latitude in both hemi- 

 spheres, from 80 to 10 inclusive. 



