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THE POPULAR EDUCATOR 



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BEADING AND ELOCUTION. XXL 



EXERCISES ON EXPRESSIVE TONE (continued) . 



THE following piece affords scope for "force" of utterance. In 

 the second, third, and fourth stanzas, it rises to what is distin- 

 guished, in elocution, by the designation of " impassioned force" 

 the fullest veliemence of voice, bordering on the sJiout, and 

 sometimes passing into it. This style is found chiefly in lyric 

 poetry ; but it is sometimes exemplified in the vehement energy 

 of prose, on exciting occasions. 



V. THE AMERICAN EAGLE. 



ll] Bird of the heavens ! whose matchless eye 



Alone can front the blaze of day, 

 And, wandering through the radiant sky, 



Ne'er from the sunlight turns away ; 

 Whose ample wing was made to rise 



Majestic o'er the loftiest peak, 

 On whose chill tops the winter skies, 



Around thy nest, in tempests, speak, 

 What ranger of the winds can dare,- 

 Proud mountain king ! with thee compare ; 

 Or lift his gaudier plumes on high 

 Before thy native majesty, 

 When thou hast ta'en thy seat alone, 

 Upon thy cloud-encircled throne ? 



Bird of the cliffs ! thy noble form 



Might well be thought almost divine ; 

 Born for the thunder and the storm, 



The mountain and the rock are thine ; 

 And there, where never foot has been, 



Thy eyrie is sublimely hung, 

 Where low'ring skies their wrath begin, 



And loudest lullabies are sung 

 By the fierce spirit of the blast, 

 When, his snow mantle o'er him cast, 

 He sweeps across the mountain top, 

 With a dark fury naught can stop, 

 And wings his wild unearthly way 

 Far through the clouded realms of day. 



Bird of the sun ! to thee to thee 



The earliest tints of dawn are known, 

 And 'tis thy proud delight to see 



The monarch mount his gorgeous throne 

 Throwing the crimson drapery by 



That half impedes his glorious way ; 

 And mounting up the radiant sky, 



E'en what he is, the king of day ! 

 Before the regent of the skies 

 Men shrink, and veil their dazzled eyes ; 

 But thou, in regal majesty, 

 Hast kingly rank as well as he ; 

 And with a steady, dauntless gaze 

 Thou meet'st the splendour of his blaze. 



Bird of Columbia ! well art thou 



An emblem of our native land ; 

 With unbleuched front and noble brow, 



Among the nations doomed to stand ; 

 Proud, like her mighty mountain woods ; 



Like her own rivers, wandering free : 

 And sending forth from hills and floods, 



The joyous shout of liberty ! 

 Like thee, majestic bird ! like thee, 

 She stands in unbought majesty, 

 With spreading wing, untired and strong, 

 That dares a soaring far and long, 

 That mounts aloft, nor looks below, 

 [I I] And will not quail though tempests blow. 



[I] The admiration cf the earth, 



In grand simplicity she stands ; 

 Like thee, the storms beheld her birth, 



And she was nursed by rugged hands : 

 [I] But, past the fierce and furious war, 



Her rising fame new glory brings, 

 For kings and nobles come from far 

 To seek the shelter of her wings. 

 tQ And like thee, rider of the cloud, 



She mounts the heavens, serene and proud, 

 Great in a pure and noble fame, 

 Great in a spotless champion's name, 

 And destined in her day to be 

 Mighty as Rome more nobly free. 



[I] 



My native land ! my native laud ! 



To her my thoughts will fondly tur* ; 

 For her the warmest hopes expand, 



For her the heart with fears will yearn. 

 Oh ! may she keep her eye, like thee, 



Proud eagle of the rocky wild, 

 Fixed on the sun of liberty, 



By rank, by faction unbeguiled ; 

 Eemembering still the rugged road 

 Our venerable fathers trod, 

 When they through toil and danger pressed, 

 To gain their glorious bequest, 

 And from each lip the caution fell 

 To those who follow" d, " Guard it well." Thomson. 



LESSONS IN LATIN. XXI. 



THE LATIN VERB: ITS SEVERAL TERMINATIONS. 



THE student is already familiar with case-endings and the 

 way in which they modify the signification of nouns. He must 

 now pass on to consider certain endings in the verbs which in 

 a similar manner affect their import. Referring him back to 

 what has already been said respecting the verb, we here take 

 up the subject, and ask his attention to voice-endings, person- 

 endings, tense-endings, and mood-endings. 



As preliminary to the whole, we must recall to mind what 

 has been said respecting the stem of words. Having reviewed 

 in his thoughts what has gone before, the reader will find our 

 present statements easy. The endings, then, to which we have 

 just adverted, are added to the stem of the verb, and being so 

 added, vary the meaning. The stem of a verb is that part to 

 which these endings are added. If the endings have been already 

 made, they must be removed. When you have gone through 

 these instructions, you will know what they are. Take lego, I 

 read, as an instance. You are already aware that the o at the 

 end is the sign of the first person singular, indicative mood, 

 present tense, active voice. Cut off that o, and you have leg ; 

 leg is the stem. Now in English, if we want to make I read 

 passive, we insert another word, and say I am read. Instead of 

 inserting another word, the Romans added an r to the active 

 form, making the verb stand thus, legor, I am read. Hence r, 

 you see, is here the sign of the passive. In verbs, r at or near 

 the end is generally the sign of the passive voice ; thus in legar, 

 I may be read ; and legerer, I might be read, the r is the sign 

 of the passive ; for the corresponding active forms are legam, I 

 may read ; legerem, I might read. The voice-endings vary with 

 the persons ; thus, as the active endings are o, is, it, so the 

 passive endings are or, eris, ttur. Thus voice-endings and 

 person-endings combine, as you see, in this example of 



THE VOICE-ENDINGS AND PERSON-ENDINGS OF THE PRESENT 



TENSE, INDICATIVE MOOD. 



Active. Lego, legis, legit; legimus, legitis, legunt. 

 Passive. "Legor, legSris, legitur ; legimur, legimini, leguntw. 



To the voice-endings and person-endings must be added the 

 tense-endings. In English we form the past tense, for instance, 

 of the verb I love, by adding to love the consonant d, I loved. 

 Something like this takes place in Latin. Thus, as amo is I 

 love, amabam is J loved; the bam performing in Latin the part 

 which the d performs in English. This 6am, in the active 

 voice, is made passive by being changed into bar, r taking the 

 place of m. Putting these three endings together, we have an 

 example of 



VOICE-ENDINGS, PERSON-ENDINGS, AND TENSE-ENDINGS OP 



THE IMPERFECT INDICATIVE. 



Active. Legebam, legebas, legebat; legebamus, legebatis, legebant. 

 Passive. Legebar, legebaris, legebafur; legebamtir, legebamim, legebantwr. 



Another variation is introduced by the mood-endings. The 

 examples given are in the indicative mood. We subjoin an 

 instance of the change in the endings, by which the subjunctive 

 mood is indicated. In the subjunctive mood rem is added to 

 the stem, instead of bam ; thus 



VOICE-ENDINGS, PERSON-ENDINGS, TENSE-ENDINGS, MOOD-END- 

 INGS OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD, IMPERFECT TENSE. 



Active. Legerem, legeres, legeret; legeremus, legeretis. legerent. 

 Passive. Legerer, legerem, legeretttr ; legeremur, legeremmi, legerentur. 



The endings will be more clearly seen, if they stand by them 

 selves, as in the following example : 



