340 



THE POPULAR EDUCATOB. 



called the larva. Then there is a state of change, in which the 

 forms of the organs of the perfect insect are being developed : 

 e.g., the wings grow, and the body is transformed into a shape 

 convenient for flight. This is called the pupa state. Lastly, 

 there is the perfect state, in which the insect never grows nor 

 changes, and in which its most serious business seems to be 

 the reproduction of its kind. In thia state it is called the 

 'imago. 



The main modifications in the method of metamorphosis con- 

 sist in the condition of the insect in the second or pupa state. 

 In butterflies and flies, it has no mouth nor organs of locomotion, 

 and is inverted in a coffin-like box, so that its external appear- 

 ance is quite unlike that of the perfect insect. In bees and 

 beetles the pupa has already taken on the form of the perfect 

 insect, and the limbs are detached from the body, but it is quite 

 quiescent, while in grasshoppers and plant-bugs the three states 

 are much alike. The only thing which distinguishes the different 

 states of these latter -from one another is the growth of the 

 wings during the pupa state. At the top of the illustration 

 the three states of a sphinx-moth, called the privet hawk-moth, 

 are represented. The larva, or caterpillar, is holding its head 

 aloft after its peculiar manner, from which habit it derived the 

 name of sphinx. On the left hand there is a representation of 

 two cells, one of which contains a wasp larva, which is fed in its 

 cell by the workers. Another cell contains a pupa wasp, which 

 is sealed up to protect it while it no longer eats. On the side a 

 perfect insect is represented as climbing up the comb. 



In a future lesson we propose to give some account of the 

 classification of insects. 



LESSONS IN GERMAK XXXIV. 



SECTION LXVL VARIOUS IDIOMS (continued). 



SBetfe, way, manner ; as : 2luf biefe SBeife, in this way (on this 

 wise). It is often compounded with adjectives and nouns, and 

 used adverbially, cbcqnxife, jestingly. lucflicfyct SBetfe, fortu- 

 nately ; in a fortunate manner. ( 105.) 



1. Untcr stet 2lugen, literally, under four eyes ; that is, secretly, 

 in confidence ; between two persons. 2J?an fyat e8 nut untet met 

 Slugen gefagt, it has been told to me in confidence. 



VOCABULARY. 



3)te (htg'ldnber fudjten mil allcr The English sought with all 



aft.icfyt bie O'bevfyerrfcfyaft in 2lmc' 



rifa ju geitmt'nen. 

 3)urd; ctn foldjcS ?8etra'gen mufi 



nctfjnxtt'biger SBcife ein 23rud; 



jivifcfKn beiben Sreuntcn cntfte'lien. 

 @r binbet fid; an fetne befoii'bcteit 



(Stunben. fcnbern ar'beitet nad; 



DJiupe. 



(their) power to obtain the 

 supremacy in America. 



By such conduct, a breach be- 

 tween the two friends must 

 necessarily arise. 



He confines himself to no par- 

 ticular hours, but works ac- 

 cording to (his) leisure. 



EXERCISE 126. 



1. 3)te Stanjofen etcberten <st>anien mil @en)alt ber SBaffen. 2. Site 

 @d;ncelannnen in ber (Sd;wcij fturjen oft mtt furd;tbatet en>att in bie 

 Sadler. 3. >ie @tnn>ol)ner biefeg SanteS fcb.leppt man getvaltfam fi,in 

 loeg. 4. 2Jht after Diad;t foitntc er nicfetS aurtd;tcn. 5. 2)ie ried;en 

 ert(;cibigten fid; mtt allcr 2)fad;t gegcn tic QJcrfcc. 6. er @cfyn>actycre 

 mitp nottjtocnbiget SBetfe bem tdrferen gcfyorcfycit. 7. 23einaf;e ganj 

 Slften gefyorcbte bem SMlcn ber 3Jomcr. 8. Urn fein Scben 511 friften, mufjte 

 cr notfyreenbiger SBctfe arbetten. 9. SEljcmijtocleS fucbte netfigebrungenct 

 SBeife eine 3uflud;tgftdtte am perftfd;cn -cfe. 10. 2)iem 5reunb ccttraute 

 mir geftern Slbenb unter sict Slugen eiu n>id;tigc3 cljeimntp an. 11. 

 3lacb,bem bie @d;ule au3 rcat, fpielten bie JUnbet unter ben SBdutnen 

 be3 atteng. 12. 2llle Slmcefenben fleibcten fid; nad; bet SKobe con 

 fiebenjefyn Ijunbett neun unb acbtjig. 13. SBegen feinet 2lmtgefd;dfte 

 tyatte et roenig SWupe ju SScrgnugungcn ubrtg. 14. <2cf)U(cr (onnte ftci{) 

 nun nacf; 9Nupe in 2)Jann^eiin Uterartfc^en SBefi^dfttgunflen tmbmen. 15. 

 3($ ^abe auJ SSetfefyen einen anbern Slcgenfdjitm mitgenommen. 16. 

 Srrungen entftekn au8 a)MHcrflAnbniffen unb i>erfef)en. 17. lucflidjer 

 SBcife fonnte er ftci() vermittctft feinc gaffes Icgitimiren. 18. lucfticf)ec 

 SBetfe ^atte tc^ nodf) jut recfjten 3eit bie efa^r entbccft. 19. (utilizer 

 SBeife traf tc^ i^n auf ber Strafe. 20. @:3 ift bci btefer gropen 8euer 

 fcrunft gfucflicljet SBeife fein Q)Jenfc})entebcn wrumjtucft. 21. c^etjWeife 

 barf man ftd; fc^cn 3Kanci)c ertauben. 22. @r bcriir;rte biefe (Scene 

 fcfyerjtteife. 23. 3c^ Itebe vorjug^iDctfe bie franjoftfcfyc (Sprac^e. 24. Oft 

 burfte o^ne befonbere rfaubnip in bag Simmer be3 Stirftcn ge^en. 



EXERCISE 127. 



1. The inhabitants of Holstein defended themselves with all 

 their power against the Danes. 2. William the Conqueror 

 overcame England by force of arms. 3. Those brave soldiers 

 forced their way with tremendous violence through the ranks 

 of the enemy. 4. They forcibly hindered him from making his 

 escape. 5. Do you like the German language ? 6. Yes, I do ; 

 but I especially like the Italian language. 7. At the present 

 time he is especially occupied with the German and Spanish lan- 

 guages (say language). 8. Fortunately I found my friend at 

 home. 9. He is obliged to listen to the orders of his superiors. 

 10. Most people dress themselves after the French fashion. 11. 

 I took unknowingly the hat of another. 12. My friend fortu- 

 nately discovered the danger which threatened him. 13. By 

 way of jest he told me many a truth. 14. Secretly you may 

 tell many insults. 15. The princes of Germany procead arbi- 

 trarily in ruling their dominion. 



SECTION LXVII. VARIOUS IDIOMS (continued). 



The syllables ctyen and tetn are suffixed to nouns, and form dimi- 

 nutives. These diminutives are always of the neuter gender, 

 and change the radical vowel, when it admits of it : >er -fcugef, 

 the hill. S)a3 Jjugefrljen, the hillock. ie tfugd, the globe or ball. 

 2>a -ffuge(e$cn, the globule 07- the little ball. Nearly all nouns 

 may take these suffixes, and drop a final e or en ; as : et tfnabe, 

 the boy. a Jtnflblcin, the little boy. ie <Stube, the room. 

 3>a tubc$en, the little room. They are used also as terms of 

 endearment or familiarity, especially by children; as: 93dter 

 d;en, dear father. 2JJuttcrcf>en, dear mother, cbrccftcrdben, dear 

 sister, etc. 



1. 3n bie -o^e, in the high, on high, upward, etc. ; as : (t 

 fprang in bie -fritfe, he sprang up. 3n bie JjoJje listen, to raise, to 

 elevate, to direct upward. 



2. elten is variously translated, " to be worth, to pass for," 

 etc. ; as : 2)iefe S3ucbet tocrben fur atte getten, unb id; n>erbe befj^atfc 

 feinen (5ingang3$r(( ju be$aWen Ijaben, these books will pass for old 

 ones, and I shall therefore have no duty to pay. !Dicfer 2ftann 

 gilt ttiel in bet Stafct, this man has great influence in the city. 

 2Ba8 gilt btefeS $f<*b? what is this horse worth ? SBaJ gilt's? or 



a$ gilt bie SBette ? is equivalent to our " what will you bet ? " 

 how much is the stake ? " etc. <5'$ gilt cin Scben, there is a 

 life at stake, etc. 



