LKSSONS IX 



that thon art HO torrowful to-day ? 10. Thi* cloak becomes ue bettor 



than HUH. . 11. A clouk ueeduot becoiux well, if it only keep* one warm. 

 IJ Hew docH thib coat become nits? 1:). Tho waintcout bfcouiti* you I 



ih. in tl ...a. 1 1. '1 lii'ne glove*, I imagine, do not tit you. 15. Tue*e | 



will in in.- I..-I.I.T, Ix-rjuiie thuy are *ouiuwhut larger. 10. Thi* dre** 

 lit* tl .-..-II 17. Hoe* thin or that cap become me U-f 



. t BCOUIH your slipper* do not lit you well. 19. Tbey only buy 



wln.;i !..,.. in.- thorn well. 2O. To whom doe* this house be- 



. ! . It belong* either to her or to him. 22. To whom do thono 



glove* belong P 23. They belong to this lady. 21. To which girl doe* 



this veil belong ? 25. To which *hip do them tailor* belong P 26. 



WMOSO mules aro these ? 27. They belong to me. 28. Whole hat is 



this ou thu tublo ? 29. It is either mine or hi*. 



EXERCISE 111 (Vol. II., page 180). 



1. ffieffen Wixf til tiefer an ter2Bant>V 2. CJ ijl entroeter fcer meintge 

 oter ter teinige. 8. 3ene -Oerren gefyen jeten lag baten. 4. jtimncn *te 

 mir fiiijcn, uxm ttefe !lh|U<len geljoren? 5. @o iel id; lueiji. gcfyiiren fie 

 fctm Doctor. G. Vln n>cm tfl fycute i>lad;t tic JReifye ju nxufoen ? 7. 3>ie 

 8feib,e tit an mir 8. Die 9lei$e fommt jefct an mid;. 9. Dcr St. 3Harfu 

 *.l>la|} in 'i'cnctig ifl fo rein uitt jicrliit, t>i|i (" einem grujien aale gleidjt. 



10. Tie a$elle b,at an cflalt unt WIT fie V'lchnlidjfcit mil ttr emfe. 



11. a tteben te SMenfdien g(cid>t etnem <Sd;iffe, n?eldK auf wogenter 

 See gclit. 12 Jfficm geb, iren alle ticft fdjimen $ilttr V 13. it gcb,i>ren 

 sneincin greunte, tern SDialtc. 14. Tie 'Abnlidjftit jnnfd>en ifym unfc feincr 

 <2d>u>cflcT i|l fehr nuffadtnt. 15. !Dtr Vlrjt bat ten QJieticiner tfyn nacfj 

 tciu 2aale ju bcgleiten. 16. 2>et djneiter fiat eben ten neucn SRod unb 

 tiefl)iii&twn 3)Jarfu gefdjicft. 17. Tie cflalt war ten SBlicfen turd; 

 einen groficit Wantel entjogen. 18. 2Bo ftnb meine 2)Jcrgenfd;ul)e ? 19. 



[ue uiefit ftolj iiber ter Seftung. 20. Tct Dealer roirb morgen ein 

 neuefl i*iit ju malen anfangen. 



EXEBCISB 112 (Vol. II., page 222). 



1. The concert announced in thu newspaper will not take place this 

 evening. 2. Will you grant my petition ? 3. I will grant it, if you 

 are more careful from this time forth. 4. Humility shows itself in 

 true love of one's neighbours. 5. From this time forth the country 

 became more aud more charming. 6. Henceforth we shall be con- 

 touted. 7. Hence it was that so many undertakings failed. 8. Henco 

 he seized the opportunity to remonstrate witli him. 9. You are your- 

 iu fault in that matter, you cannot therefore complain. 10. 

 Charles alwu.vs leurus assiduously, for that reason his teachers praise 

 'jiin. 11. You need not be angry because I have used your pen. 12. 

 The diligent scholar overcomes the difficulties which every foreign 

 language involves. 13. Joseph the Second was an enlightened prince 

 nnd the father of his people ; for that reason, people still always speak 

 of him with great respect. 14. He went up to the sumu:it of the moun- 

 tain. 15. Will you not wait till you have an answer ? 16. No, I cannot 

 wait any longer. 17. As he would not stay till I had written my letter, 

 I could not but suppose that he would not do me that favour. 18. 

 Alexander conquered many nations at the beginning of his reign, and 

 thus commenced his career with warlike actions. 19. According to 

 this intelligence ho may therefore .hop ; to see once more his father. 

 20. I shall punctually attend to everything for you, therefore be 

 under no uneasiness. 21. He was not at home, consequently I could 

 not deliver the letter to him myself. 22. After the colonel had hoisted 

 his standard, the soldiers formed around it. 23. Is Mr. N. well ? 24. 

 Yes, he is remarkably well. 



EXERCISE 113 (Vol. II., page 222). 



1. (Sictt tt aud) tin Tenfmal te uttenbera, tcS (Srftntert fcer S?ucf>< 

 trurfcrfunfl ? 2. 3a, e giebt teren jnjei ; ta eine bcfintet ftcf) in 'JJIain^ 

 ta antere in Strajiburg. 3. iebt tt unartige Winter in Slirer djule ? 

 4. O ja, e giebt teren xriele. 5. Tiefe 9Jeife gcbeten um jene Suffer. 6. 

 Tie Secrttiiung teS erjog con SCeUinoton fant* am adjtjefinten Sliwember 

 1852 Statt. 7. 3n ter '-Serfammding, roeldje geftern St.itt fant, fpradjen 

 einiijc Sterner mit nrcjjer SBegeiflerung. 8. l<on jener 3eit an ftrebte er 

 nod? grcjicrtm 9Jubme. 9. ffir ergriff tie erfte elegenbeit, feinen 'J3ruter 

 son te SGafyrfieit fciner 2iufagen }u ubcrjeu^en. 10. !8i fyeute fiatte id) 

 feine ^Introort t>on itjm er^nlten. 11. Ter JRegen ^at un bi auf tie aut 

 turd;n4fit, te^alb toerten loir unfere fUeift bi petite Mbetit wrfdjieben. 

 12. 3n fru^eren 3eiten fanten meb,r SBunter unb 3cid;en Statt. al in ter 

 (efcigen 3eit. 



EXERCISE 114 (Vol. II., page 246). 



1. A spiritual enjoyment is more durable than a sensual one. 2. 

 The avaricious man never obtains so much as he wishes to have. 3. 

 The higher one gets in the upper regions, the colder it becomes. 4. 

 The more one party hated him, the more the other loved him. 5. The 

 higher Napoleon rose, the more ambitious he became. 6. The adjacent 

 river affords thn neighbouring inhabitants many advantages. 7. How 

 much of your property have you lost ? 8. I have lost more than half. 

 9. What d-.y of the month do you set out from here ? 10. My depar- 

 ture is fixed for the twelfth of this month. 11. What dny of the 

 month will your brother come here ? 12. I expected him three days 



ago. 13. A year ago I wa* till in OOITOJUIT. 14. A tow yun ago UM 

 mo*t learned and able men had their rogldeooe* la Weimar. 15. Iron 

 in uioro UMiful than gold and uilver, although the rain* of (fold and 

 ilver i* greater. 16. The whole multitude wa* of on* opinion. 17. 

 They *poke of nothing but the future. IB. I wrote toy friend only 

 few word*. 19. Around the whole town were none bat cruel enetuiei 

 encamped. 20. Force alone could be effective here. 21. AKJmtfh 

 be ha* nothing but pain and toil, jet be i* always of a uL*nful di*- 

 pocition. 



LESSONS IN GEOLOGY. IV. 



SPRINGS. BIVEKS, ETC. 



Inisrmittent Springs. Perhaps one of the mort curious phe- 

 nomena exhibited by springs is that where the waters of a 

 spring disappear, and after a lapse of time the flow recom- 

 mences, continuing with nnabating force until it suddenly 

 ceases in due time appearing again. This car only be ac- 

 counted for upon the supposition that the water collects in 

 some subterranean cavern, the outlet to which springs from 

 near the bottom, and traverses the rock in the form of a siphon ; 

 when the water has risen in the reservoir to the lerel of the 

 bend of the siphon-channel, the spring begins to run, and con- 

 tinues its flow until tht cavern is emptied. 



The spring will then remain dry until such time as the lerel 

 of the water reaches the same height again. This phenomenon 

 is explained in Fig. 9. 



There is a spring of this description near Caterham ; peri- 

 odically it discharges a large volume of water, which flows for 

 two or three months ; the South- Eastern Railway crosses its 

 course at Caterham Junction. The writer of these pages was 

 told that the spring began its flow when the water in the quar- 

 ries at Godstone had risen to a certain height. If this be the 

 case, in the chalk hills of the neighbourhood there must be an 

 enormous cavern, which has at least two outlets. The one at 

 Caterham is the extremity of a siphon-like fissure ; while in 

 excavating the Godstone quarry, another fissure, which com- 

 municated with the cavern, was opened. 



Mineral Springs are those whose waters are charged to an 

 unusual extent with various soluble salts. When lime is present 

 in water, it is rendered soluble by the presence of carbonic 

 aoid gas. On exposure to the air, or when heated, the gas is 

 driven off, and the water, being unable longer to keep in so- 

 lution the lime, deposits it thus forming a limestone rock. 

 One of those springs near Clermont, in Auvergne, has formed 

 an incrustration of white concretionary limestone, 240 feet in 

 length, and sixteen feet thick. The action of such springs in 

 transporting the matter of the rock through which they pass 

 is well illustrated by sections of water-pipes frequently seen 

 in geological museums in which the encrusting of the limestone 

 has all but completely filled up the pipe. 



There is a noted mineral spring at San Filippo, in Tuscany, 

 from which a deposit of a foot in thickness can be obtained in 

 a month ; hence we aro not surprised to find that the spring 

 has formed on the side of the mountain a deposit a mile and a 

 quarter in length, a third. of a mile in breadth, and often 250 

 feet thick. 



Limestone thus deposited from mineral springs bears the 

 technical name of Travertin. Should the waters of a spring 

 charged with sulphuric acid pass through a limestone rock, 

 they will become charged with gypsum or sulphate of lime, 

 which is deposited along the course which the waters take. 

 Many springs of this nature are known ; for example, those of 

 Baden, near Vienna, the thermal waters of Aix, in Savoy, and 

 many of the Iceland springs. The hot springs of the island of 

 St. Michael, in the Azores, and also some of the Iceland springs, 

 deposit silica the matter of which flint is composed. Such an 

 incrustation is termed siliceous sinter. 



The importance of mineral springs is not to be measured 

 merely by the deposits they make ; but in their passage through 

 rocks they loosen the fabric of the rock by washing out one or 

 more of its constituents. Snch chemical action wo shall notice 

 under " Fossilisation." 



JZtt'ers. Rivers, although they are not the first cause? of the 

 valleys through which they run, yet in all owes they deepen 

 tho valleys. It is evident that to induce a flow of water, tnere 

 must be, to begin with, a fall and a hollow which may act aa a 

 channel. This preparation for the existence of the river may 



