206 



THE POPULAR EDUCATOE. 



you make direct interrogatives. Put 6 before the ir, and you 



convert the direct into indirect interrogatives, and indirect 



relatives. Prefix r instead of IT, and then you obtain demon- 



stratives ; as 



Simple Rel. Direct Intcrrog. Indirect I. and R. Demonstratives. 



77, whither, irrj, whither ? OTTTJ, TTJ, there, thither. 



TIVIKO., when, TTTJJ/I/CO, at what time ? 6irr]viKa, TTjyi 



i>6ev, whence, iroQev, whence ? diroQev, roQev, thence. 



ol, whither, iroi, whither ? bitoi. 



dre, when, irore, when ? (more, rare, then. 



o'u>, where, TTOV, where? 6-rrov. 



ws, as, ir<as, how ? birws, reos, so. 



Of these forms ol, ToOcv, and rois are found only in the 

 poets, and consequently are not to be ordinarily used in prose 

 composition. 



EXERCISES FROM THE CLASSICS. GREEK-ENGLISH. 

 1. Tlav ro o~K\ripov xa\ir(t>s juoAaTTerat. 2. 'O ovpavos 

 %a\Kovs O~TI TO. e|w. 3. EAe-yev 6 Bias, arv^rj fivai TOV aTvxiav 

 fiij (pepovTa. 4. 'H <ptAo(To<pta 8t8a<r/cei, on Set /UTJT' fv rats 

 finrpayiais irfpi^apfls virapxetv, /urjr' ev rais opyats ireptiraflets 

 Kai 07jptco8ets. 5. Hois r) adapter-rot, t\ ajueAets, TJ irAeoj/e/crat, 77 

 atriffToi, r) a/cparets apflpcoirot Svvavrai cptAot yiyvfff6ai ; 6. 'O 

 irAouros /cat TO e/cros ayaBct X W P IS apfTrjs avu<pf\ri fieri TOU 

 fX vfft - 7. Tts opvis ev(pcavoTpa effriv arjoovos ; 8. At Seurepat 

 ira>s (ppovrtSes ffcxptarepai. 9. Aapewv /cat TlapvcraTiSos yiyvovrai 

 iratSes Svo l irpe<r/3uTepos fifv ApTa|epr)s, vetvrepos 8e Kvpos. 10. 

 rWat/ces avSpcav <pi\oirev6to~Tfpoi eicrt. 11. To aSiKfiv KO.KI.OI> ecm 

 rov aSiKftffdai. 12. 'O A-yrjfftAaos irept TOV /j.eya\ov /3a<nAea>j 

 enrfv, Tt yap f/j.ov /j.ficav e/cetvos, ei /J.TI /cat St/catorepos ; 13. 

 Zr/vtav opcav TOV @eo(ppao~TOv eirt Tea TroAAous fX ftv /J-aOrjTas 

 6av/j.ao/j.fvov, 6 e/cetpou juep xP OJ i e( ? )r )> /*eifwr, <M* 8e 



O~V/J.(p(aVOTfpOS. 14. 2o$OS 2oC/>0/cAlJS, EvptlriSTJS ffO<p<aTpOS, 



avSpltlf 8e TTOfTU/J' 2a)KpOTTJS ffOtyoiTOTOS. 15. 'H (JLfXlTTa <$>VfflK<aS 



fv TOIS avdffft f^avtvpiffKei TO \tioTaTof /xeAt KCCI xP r > ffriKtaTa -' r ov. 

 16. IIovTes, a oriffTavTai, paffTa. Te KOI rax'O'Ta /cat /caAAicrTa /cat 

 ^Sttrro epyafoj/Tat. 17. KoAcos /cat acSpetwy e/catrra irotet. 18. 

 fi Aerrvdyr/s, /caAwx, e<p?j, eTroujtras, irpotnrwv. 19. Tous aAt<r- 

 Ko^tvovs, us KaKcas K\frrrovTas TifjuapowTat. 20. ASTjAo^ etrrt 

 etre jSeArtoi/ etre KO.KIOI/ etrrat. 21. ITais /caAAtov TJ evcrel3effTepoi> 

 8eovs ; 22. 2co/cpaT7js i3a' /Mfipaniov ir\ov<nov /cat 



VOCABULABT. 



1. 2/cA77poj, -a, -oy, (!)*;/, hard; TTO.V TO. The article is fre- 

 quently used in Greek when it must be omitted in English, as 

 in general propositions ; /uaAarTojuat, J am softened. 



2. Ta e|w, m regard to the things witJwut, that is, on its 

 exterior. 



3. Toy /XT? cpep., taat ho who could not bear misfortune. 



4. Eti7rpo7ta, -as, i), prosperity, literally, well-doing, from eu 

 and trpaTTtiv, I do, I am in a certain condition, as in our phrase, 

 " How do you do ? " irept^opTjs, very joyful, irept gives the idea 

 of much or excess ; opyri, -TJS, rj, anger, here used for adversity, 

 considered as a consequence of the anger of the gods; Treptrra0jjs, 

 es, suffering greatly, acutely sensible to suffering ; BripuaSrjs, -es, 

 like the animals, low, downcast. 



5. AxapiffTos, -TJ, -ov, ungrateful; ojiieATjs, -es, neglectful; 

 ir\eoveKT7)s, avaricious; airiffTos, unfaithful. 



6. EKTOS, adv. ivitJiout; Ta e/cr. ay. external goods, advan- 

 tages; av<a<pf\r)s, -es, useless; x^P 15 ' wp ar t from; TOIS e^oi/crt, to 

 those who have (them), that is, their possessors. 



8. ricos, how, somehow, some way, in a measure ; the adverb 

 restricts or qualifies the statement. 



9. Aapetou /cat Ilapus. These genitives depend on TratSes ; we 

 should say, D. and P., have two sons. 



10. f'tAoirei'07js, -es, fond of mourning ; irevOos, -ous, TO, grief, 

 lamentation. 



11. To 08. The infinitive mood with the article is often 

 equivalent to a noun in English : to injure another is worse than 

 to suffer an injury. 



12. 'O fj.eya\ou )3acrtAea)s, the great king, that is, the Icing of 

 Persia, who was the great king to the Greeks; e/cetj/os, he, 

 that one. 



13. 'Opwv, seeing, pros. part, from opaw ; eirt T&>, etc., in con- 

 sequence of having many disciples ; xP s > our chorus, here cZass, 

 audience; o-v/j-Qcwos, -ov, agreeing, harmonious; 6 eftos, mine; 

 literally, the mine. 



14. Ai/5p. iravT. crofywT. etc. The superlative governs a 

 genitive ; thus we say in English, "the fairest of women." 



15. &v(riKcas, naturally, by natural impulse ; Aetos, -a, -ov, soft, 

 mild, sweet ; xprjcn-t/cos, -r/, -ov, useful. 



18. EiroiTjffas (from irotfiv), thou hast done; irpotLirwv, in fore- 

 telling (that). 



19. Tons a\iffK. the captives; a^io-Kfiv, to take, capture; 

 /cAeirTetv, to rob; Tt/ua>peojuat, I punish. 



20. Eo-rai, it will be, future of etfat. 



21. Tt/ucpTj, could he honour ? Ti/xace, I honour. 



22. Metpa/ctov, a young man ; avSpairoSoi', -ov, TO, a slave. 



EXERCISE 61. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Wise men seek not external advantages. 2. Women suffer 

 very much in adversity. 3. An intemperate man cannot become 

 a faithful friend. 4. The nightingale is the sweetest (in 

 voice) of birds. 5. Girls are more given to sorrow than women. 

 6. The wisest (man) is greatest. 7. I am admired for having 

 much wealth. 8. How can men admire me for having much 

 wealth ? 9. My brother is wise, my father is wiser, the philo- 

 sopher is wisest. 10. Children naturally love their parents. 

 11. Fight, O citizens, well and bravely for (irept) your (the) 

 city. 



KEY TO EXERCISES IN LESSONS IN GKEEK. XVII. 



EXERCISE 57. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. The deepest sleep is the sweetest. 2. Many flowers yield a very 

 sweet smell. 3. Nothing is swifter than youth. 4. The incontinent 

 serve a most vile servitude. 5. Friendship is the sweetest of all 

 things. 6. Nothing is more disgraceful than to have one thing iu the 

 mind but to say another thing. 7. Serpents are most odious to all 

 other animals. 8. Nothing is more hateful to man than man. 9. 

 Swiftly does time bear things away with it. 



EXERCISE 58. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Oviev ti&iov co-Til' j flaBvt virvot. 2. 'Hoioros (tniv virvot. 3. OuSfv 



ax'ov t"Ti THC oouXciac. 4. Of uTatov eo-Ti ooi/Xcia. 5. 'lirirot ttai Tax'O'Toi. 



6. OuAev x"'" ffTiv n fiov\n KaKri. 7. \ta\iov tOTiv aXXa /utv Xe^civ, aXXa 



Ac ev -rip via exfv. 8. Oi irovripoi aXXa /ncc tv T(p vif CXCIK, aXXa if Xcfeiv. 



EXERCISE 59, GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. The longest life is not the best, but the most virtuous. 2. 

 Moderation is the best in all things. 3. The judgments of the more 

 aged are the better. 4. No counsellor is better than time. 5. Either 

 utter things better than silence or keep silence. 6. That which is 

 most secure is always the best. 7. You jeer, O excellent friend. 8. At 

 times cowards are more fortunate than brave men. 9. There is no 

 worse evil to mau than grief. 10. Flattery is the worst of all the other 

 evils. 11. A man soft in soul, and even capable of bribery. 12. Pru- 

 dence is the fairest virtue for women. 13. There is no nobler posses- 

 sion than a friend. 14. Slavery is most painful to a free man. 15. The 

 way is very long. 16. The crocodile grows very big from being very 

 little. 17. The earth is less than the sun. 18. Be content even with less. 

 19. Very few men are happy. 20. No law is stronger than necessity. 21. 

 Small gains often produce greater damage. 22. No evil is greater than 

 anarchy. 23. War brings very many evils. 24. A desire for more is 

 natural to man. 25. A good woman brings to her house very many 

 ?ood things. 26. Bear the necessities of life as easily as possible. 27. 

 To order is easier than to do. 28. The fruits of wisdom are very ripe. 

 29. The branches of the vine in my father's garden are riper than in 

 my neighbour's garden. 30. Iberia rears very fat sheep. 



EXERCISE 60. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. OvAev fte\Tiov wpa/mieoi/ (3iov. 2. 'H 3ofa Tiav TraXuswv cor< KpaTJOTa. 3. 

 O xpovop ttr-ri crup/3ouXoc apiffTOf. 4. To aa<pu\etrTa.Tov can KpaTiffTOV. 5. 'H 

 \virn fTTi KCLKOV iitfiinov. 6. Ouocv cent %etpiov r\ KoXaKCia. 7. 'O aKparrif Tatt 

 'jooi/at? oouAvi. 8. TvvaiSi COTtv ovdev Ka\tov T*K ao^iap. 9. Ty cXevOeptp 

 )uoci e<TT( Kaiuov Tfir oouXcias. 10. 'O KpOKodciXov /i)icia'Tor TT(. 11. *O iior 



IClMV TOU JTaTpOf. 12. Tfllf KUKUtC CUT! JToXXaKlf TfXflOVOL f] TOtt dfatioi?. 13. 



loXcyuor ipfpet TroXXa xaxa. 14. To juei/ KcXeueiv e<m padiov, TO oe 7re<- 



?C<7#CU KTXVpOV. 15. Ol KapTTOl TTCTTCKTaTOJ 7JI fjdiCTTOt. 16. Ta ITpO^OTO 



TOU jraTpor ffJiov furi iriOTepa r) Ta TOU 7rX)<r(ou. 



HISTORIC SKETCHES. XXXI. 



ANCIENT EGYPT. 



THE interest attaching to Egypt and the Egyptians cannot fail 

 to be great, not only for the strictly historical student, but for 

 every one who has read the Old Testament Scriptures. To 

 the historical student the history of Egypt must be especially 

 interesting, seeing that the civilisation of Egypt was the proto- 



* 



