LK.SSOXS IN AllCIIITECTL'HK. 



217 



YXYY. 



of "Perpendicular" to be given to the architecture of this 

 period. 



An additional characteristic of the different styles will bo 

 found in the nature of the smaller details 

 of ornamentation, such as the figures in- 

 troduced in mouldings, etc. We give 

 examples of the " tooth onuunent " of the 

 Early English Period, the four-leaved 

 flower of the Decorated style, and the 

 " Tudor flower " of that known as the Per- 

 pendicular. In the latter we see a dege- 

 neration into fanciful and extravagant 

 forms, which, extending to all features 

 alike, by degrees vitiated the Gothic style, 

 and did much to bring it into disrepute at 

 u lat.T date. 



We now come to the internal arrange- 

 ment of churches, which was not affected 

 materially by the introduction of the 

 Gothic style. We 

 have alluded in our .itfPPT^ 

 first paper to the 

 early adoption of 

 the form of the 

 cross, and its gene- 

 ral prevalence in 

 the ground-plan of 

 church buildings ; 



and this necessarily 



ORNAMENT or THE " DECORATED GOTHIC. 



' EARLY ENGLISH" ORNAMENT. 



gave a certain de- 

 gree of uniformity 



in general design. We may take, as an example of general I shippers are assembled when not 



ground-plan, one of our oldest religious edifices of importance, occupy the main body of the edifice i.e., the nave and its 

 the collegiate church of Wimborne Minster, in Dorset, believed 



larger church buildings, nob M that of Wimborne Minster, are 

 termed the owlet. Westward of the nave is usually placed the 

 it entrance, frequently surmounted by a tower. (See plan, 

 A.) Other entrances are situated on the 

 south or the north aide, according to con- 

 venience of access, M in B. 



The form of the cross is given by the 

 arms thrown out from the nave, unuall} 

 at a distance of about two-thirds of the 

 length of the edifice. These arms, ran* 

 ning north and south, are called the fam- 

 septt, and the chief tower or steeple of 

 the building usually surmounts this inter* 

 H<.-ction of its two principal lines. 



The continuation of the building pa- 

 rallel with the nave, and eastward of the 

 transepts, is chiefly occupied by the chan- 

 cel, wherein the altar occupies the most pro- 

 minent place. The chancel in the plan has 

 its aisles, like the 

 nave ; and its cen- 

 tral portion west- 

 ward is occupied 

 by the choir. This 

 space, as the name 

 implies, is devoted 

 in part to the cho- 

 listers, but is often 

 large enough to be 

 used as a chapel, 

 in which the wor- 

 Bufficiently numerous to 



" PERPENDICULAR GOTHIC" ORNAMENT. 



to have been founded in the eighth century, and which bears in 



* A + W "TOWER * 

 B NT PORCH + 

 C * VESTRY 



aisles. 

 The chancel is the most richly-decorated portion of the interior 



P PULPIT 

 * L. LECTERN 



GROUITD-PLAB OF WIMBORNE MINSTER, DORSET. 



its architectural features a combination of the Saxon, the 

 Norman, and the Gothic, as different portions were erected at 

 different times. 



The body of the church throughout the greater portion of its 

 length is called the nave, and the side passages found in the 



of the edifice. The altar, which occupies its extreme end, is often 

 lavishly embellished, and in Continental churches and cathe- 

 drals the masterpieces of the greatest painters frequently adorn 

 this portion of the building. The flooring of that part of the 

 chancel which contains and adjoins the altar is usually raised 



