62 



THE POPULAK EDUCATOR. 



Examples. 



f Digitigrada : Lion, wolf, etc. 

 Order 3. Carnivora . . . -{ Plantigrada : Bear, badger. 



( Pinnigrada : Seal, morse. [pig. 



4. Artiodacty la (even-toed, ( Non-rumiiiantia : Hippopotamus, 



2 or 4) . . . \ Kuminantia: Cow, stag, etc. 



5. Perissodactyla (odd- j Solipedia : Horse. 



. \ Pachydermata: Bhinoceros, tapir. 

 . Elephants. 

 . Toxodon. 

 . Dngoug, manatee. 

 Whale, porpoise. 



toed, 1 or 3) 



6. Proboscidea. 



7. Tcwodontia . 



8. Sirenia 



9. Cetacea 

 Lissencephala : 



10. Cheiroptera 



11. Insectivora 



12. Edentata . 



13. Kodentia 



{Frugivora : Pteropus. 

 Insectivora : Bat. 

 . Hedgehog, mole. 

 . Sloth, armadillo. 

 , . Bat, hare, beaver. 

 . Sab-class. Implacentalia. 

 lyencephala : 



Order 1. Marsupialia 

 2. Monotremata 



Glass II. 

 Order 1. Kaptores 



2. Scansores . 



3. Passeres 



4. Columbse 



5. GallinsB 



6. Cnrsores . 



7. Grallatores . 



8. Palmipedes . 



. Kangaroo, opossum. 

 . Echidna. 

 AVES (Birds). 

 . Eagle, owl. 

 . Woodpecker, parrot. 

 Thrush, crow, sparrow. 

 Pigeon. 



. Fowl, peacock. 

 . Ostrich, apterix. 

 . Heron, snipe. ,, 

 . Duck, gull. 

 Class III. REPTILIA. 

 Order 1. Chelonia . . . Turtle. 



2. Crocodilia . . . Crocodile. 



3. Lacertilia . . . Lizard. 



4. Dinosauria . . . Megalosaurus. 



5. Enaliosauria . . Ichthyosaurus. 



6. Pterodactj/lia . . Pterodactyl. 



7. Ophidia . . . Snakes. 



Class IV. AMPHIBIA. 



Order 1. Labyrinthodonia . 



2. Batrachia . 



3. Saurobatrachia . 



4. Ophimoorpha 



Class V. 

 Order 1. Dipnoi 



2. Elasinobranchii . 



3. Ganoidei 



4. Teleostei 



5. Marsipobranchii 



6. Pharyngobrancbii 



. Labyrinthodon. 

 . Frog, toad. 

 . Proteus, siren. 

 . Cecilia (blindworm). 

 -PISCES (Fish). 

 . Lepidosiren. 

 . Cartilaginous fish, sharks, etc. 



Sturgeon. 



. Ordinary osseous fish. 

 . Lampreys. 



Amphioxus. 



SUB-KINGDOM, ANNULOSA. 

 DIVISION I . A BTICULATA 



Class I. INSECTA. 



Order 1. Hymenoptera 



2. Coleoptera . . 



3. Neuroptera . 



4. Strepsiptera . 



5. Lepidoptera 



6. Diptera 



7. Orthoptera . 



8. Hemiptera . 



9. Aptera 



Class II.- 



Order 1. Chilopoda . 

 2. Chilagnatha 



Class III. 



. Saw-fly. 



. Beetles. 



. Dragon-fly. 



. Stylops. 



. Butterfly. 



. House-fly. 



. Cricket, earwig. 



. Bug. 



. Flea. 

 -MTBIAPODA. 



. Centipede. 



. Millepede. 

 ARACHIDNA. 



Order 1. Pulmonata . . . Scorpion. 



2. Amphipneusta . . Spiders. 



3. Trachearia . . . Acarus. 



4. Pycnogonida (?) . . Pycnogonum. 



Class IV. CRUSTACEA. 



Order 1. Podophthalmia 



2. Edriophthalmia 



3. Branchipoda 



4. Copepoda . 



5. Ostracoda . 



6. Cirripedia . 



7. Xiphosura . 



8. IVilobita 



9. Ewrypierida . 



Crab, etc. 



Isopods. 



Phyllopoda. 



Cyclops. 



Cypris. 



Barnacles. 



King-crab. 



Trilobites. 



Eurypterus. 



DIVISION II. ANNULOIDA. 



Class V. ANNULATA. 



Order 1. Pojychseta . 



2. Olig^chaeta . 



3. DiscSphora . 



4. Tardigrada . 



5. Sagittida . 



Lob-worm. 



Earth-worm. 



Leech. 



Arctiscon. 



Sagitta. 



Class VI. SCOLECIDA. 



Order 1. Trematoda . . . Fluke. 



2. Taeniada . . . Tape-worm. 



;3. Acanthocephala . . Echinorhynchus. 



4. Nematoidea , . Thread-worm. 



5. Gordiacea . . . Hair-worm. 



6. Turbellaria . . . Planaria. 



7. Botifera . . . Botifer. 



ClaSS VII. ECHINODERMATA. 



Order 1. Holothuridse . . Sea- cucumbers. 



2. Echinidea . . . Sea-urchins. 



3. Ophiuridse . . . Sand-stars. 



4. Asteridea . . . Star-fish. 



5. Crinoidea . . . Stone-lily. 



6. Blastovdea . . . Peutremites. 



7. Cystidea . . . Cystidians. 



SUB-KINGDOM, MOLLUSC A. 

 Class I. CEPHALOPHORA. 



Order 1. Dibranchiata 



2. Tetrabranchiata 



3. Pulmonata . 



4. Pteropoda . 



5. .-Gasteropoda dioecia 



Belemnite. 



Nautilus, ammonite. 



Snail, slug. 



Clio. 



Whelk, limpet. 



0. Gasteropoda monoBcia . Tornatella. 

 Class II. CONCHIFERA. 

 Order 1. Lamellibranchiata or 



Acephala . . All ordinary bivalve shells. 



Class III. MOLLUSCOIDEA. 



Order 1. Brachiopoda . . Terebratula, orbicula, lingula. 



2. Bryozoa 



3. Tunicata 



Festenella, retepora, and other 



zoophytes. 

 Ascidia, etc. 



SUB-KINGDOM, C (EL E N T E E AT A. 



Class I. ACTINOZOA. 

 Order 1. Alcyonaria . . . Alcyonium. 



2. Eugosa .... Four-starred corals. 



3. Zoantharia . . . Six-starred corals. 



Class II. HYDROZOA. 

 Order 1. Lucernaroida . . Sertularia. 

 2. Hydroida . . . Medusa. 



SUB-KINGDOM, PBOTOZOA. 



Class I. STOMATODA. 



Order 1. Noctilucida (?) . . Noctiluca. 

 2. Infusoria . . . Vorticella. 



Class II. ASTOMATA. 

 Order 1. Spongiadae . . . Sponges. 



2. Foraminifera . . . Nummulites, orbitolites. 



3. Thalassicolidse . . Thalassicolla. 

 -1. Gregarinidae . . . Gregarina. 



The above tabulation is intended for reference. We have 

 left the meanings of the terms unexplained, intending to Center 

 into the explanation of those under which the various fossils WP 

 shall deem it necessary to mention will be arranged. 



Like all systems of classification, it is only provisional, and as 

 further examination is conducted, it is altered and adapted 

 accordingly. 



There is another division of the class " Pisces," which was 

 arranged by Agassiz. 



In almost all the fish of the Palaeozoic period, the limits of 

 which will be defined in the next lesson, the skeleton passed 

 on to the tip of the tail, causing the lobes to be unequal, ^hence 

 such fish are said to be heterocercal (different- tailed) Fig. 18. 

 Very few of these fish now exist ; the shark and sturgeon are 

 examples. 



The great majority of recent fish are homocercal (having tails 

 with like lobes) Fig. 19. This caudal development will bo 



