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LESSONS IN FRENCH. LIV. 



19. AGREEMENT OF ADJECTIVES WITH NOUNS. 



(1.) THE adjective must agree, in gender and number, with 

 the noun or pronoun which it qualifies : 



Masculine. 



Singular. 

 le beau jardin, 

 the fine garden, 

 le grand livre, 

 the large book, 



Plural. 



les beaux jardins. 

 the fine gardens, 

 les grands livres. 

 the large boofcs. 



Singular. 



Feminine. 



Plural. 



singular. i-turai. 



la belle maisou, les belles maisons, 



the fine house, the fine houses. 



la grande carte, les grandes cartes, 



the large map, the large maps. 



(2.) This agreement must take place, not only when the ad- 

 jective immediately precedes or follows the noun or pronoun, 

 but also when it is separated by other words : 



Feminine. 



Singular. L'bonneur de passer 

 pour bonne 1'empecbait de so mou- 

 trer mauvaise. MARIVAUX. 



The honour of passing for good pre- 

 vented her showing herself bad. 



Plural. Loin de nous raidir con- 

 tre les inclinations qui sont bonnes, 

 il faut les suivre pour servir Dieu. 

 MME. DE MAINTENON. 



Far /ro?n resisting our good incli- 

 nations, ice should follow them in 

 order to sen>e God. 



Masculine. 



Singular. Plaise a Dieu de te 

 rendre assez bcm pour me'riter la 

 vie heureuse ! FENELON. 



May God render thee sufficiently 

 good to deserae the blessed life ! 



Plural. Jamais, en quoi que ce 

 puisse etre les merchants ne sont 

 bons a rieii de bou. 



J. J. KOUSSEA.U. 



The toicfced are never, in any cir- 

 cumstances, fitled (good) to perform 

 anything good. 



Je tache de rendre Uciireux, ma 

 femme, mem enfant, et meine 

 mon chat et mon cbieu. 



BERNARDIN DE ST. PIERRE. 

 L'ordre et 1' utilitt; publics ne peu- 

 veut etre le fruit du crime. 



MASSILLON. 



I try to render happy my u'i/e, my 

 child, and ewn my cat and my 

 dog. 



Public order and utility cannot be 

 the fruits of crime. 



(3.) When an adjective relates to two or more substantives, 

 whether in the singular or the plural, and all of the same 

 gender, it must agree with the nouns in gender, and be put in 

 the plural : 



Le riche et 1'indigent, 1'imprudent, 

 et le sage, sujels a morne loi, 

 subissent me me sort. 



J. B. BOUSSEAU. 



The rich and the poor, the imprudent 

 and the wise, being subject to the 

 same law, experience the same 

 fate. 



(4.) When the words which the adjective qualifies are of 

 different genders, the adjective must be put in the masculine 

 plural : 



For special rules on this point, see 83. 



20. DETERMINATIVE ADJECTIVES. 



There are four sorts of determinative adjectives the demon- 

 strative, the possessive, the numeral, and the indefinite. 



21. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES. 



(1.) The demonstrative adjectives are used when an object 

 is to be particularly specified or pointed out. They are never, 

 in French, used substantively, that is, without the nouns which 

 they determine : 



Singular. 

 Masculine. Ce, this or that, used be/ore a word commencing roith a 



consonant. 

 Get, this or that, used be/ore a u-ord commencing with " ' 



tiou;el or an h mute. 

 Feminine. Cette, this or that. , 



Plural. 

 Ces, these or those for both genders. 



EXAMPLES. 



Feminine singular. 

 Cette femme, this or that woman. 



Masculine singular. 

 Ce soldat, this or that soldier. 



Get ami, 

 Get homme, 



this or that friend. 

 this or *hat man. 



Cette e'pe'e, 

 Cette harpe, 



Plural. 



this or that su-ord. 

 this or that harp. 



Ces hommes, these or those men. 



Voyez ce papillon e'chappd du torn- 



beau; 

 Sa mort fut un sommeil, et sa 



toinbe un berceau. DELILLE. 



Ces femmes, these or those aoomen. 

 See that butterfly escaped from the 



tomb ; his death icas a slumber, 



and his tomb a cradle. 



