i:KA DINGS IN LATIN. 



126 



alta semper oupiobat. Huno post dominationem Lu-ii 



nvaaerat reipablioe capiondao ; neque id qnibus 

 modiB assequor.-tiir, <lum sibi rognum pararet," quidquara ponsi 

 habebat. 14 Agitabatur magis magisque in dies animus ferox, 

 inopia n-i fumiliuris, 1 * et oonsoiontia acolerum ; quae utraqao 

 has 19 auxerat quas supra momoravi. luoitabant prootorea 

 oorrupti civitatis mores, quos peaaima ao divoraa inter se 17 

 mala luxuria atquo avaritia, vexabant. 



NOTES. 



I. Nobili gonero, a distinguished family. Several members of the 

 jtnt Stryia, to which Catilina belonged, had made themselves famous in 

 former years, and the family claimed descent from the Trojan hero, 

 Sergestus, who was said to hare come into Italy with JEneas. See 

 Virg., JEn., v. 121 : " Sergestusque, domus tenet a quo Sergia nomen." 



-ingenio, a descriptive ablative. " The ablative of a substan- 

 tive, combined witn an adjective, is subjoined to a substantive [Cati- 

 lina] by way of description, either immediately or with the verb we [as 

 here], to denote the quality or character of a person or thing." 

 (Madvi;-, L<it. Or.) 



3. Pravo, crooked, distorted, as distinguished from malo, which means 

 bsd in its essence. 



4. Bella iutcstina, ctedas, 3tc. The way theso different substantives 

 are thrown together without any connecting particles, is a charac- 

 teristic of Sallust's style. 



5. Ibiquc. and in them. Sc. iis rebus, the wars and broils just 

 mentioned. 



6. Corpus (supply fuit ei), he had a constitution, etc. 



7. Cujus roi libet ; eo. cujuslibet rei. Sallust is fond of thus 

 separating the words. So Catil. Hi., " cujus rei cunque," for "cujus- 

 cunque roi." 



8. Simulator, dissimulator. Simulo is to pretend that a tiling is 

 what it is not ; dissimulo, to pretend a thing is not what it is, so to 

 conceal. The difference between the two is given in this line 



" Quod non es siinulas, dissimulasque quod es." 



9. Satis parum are both used as (lit.) substantives. Satis (fuit ei) 

 eloquentia, h had a sufficiency of eloquence, he teas fairly eloquent. 



10. Vastus, empty, desert, waste, and so monstrous, shocking. 



II. Lucii Suite. Sulla, as supreme dictator, gained almost absolute 

 power in Rome after the overthrow of his rival, Caius Marius, B.C. 82. 



12. Maxima, more than any other man has felt. 



13. Dum pararet, so long as he teas preparing. 



14. Quidquam pensi habebat, did not care at all. Peusus, from 

 pendo, to weigh, signifies prized, esteemed, valued. Pensi is the geni- 

 tive of price; so in the " Jugurtha,'' chap, xli., " Neque pensi neque 

 sancti habere," to hold neither as esteemed nor holy. 



15. Inopia rei fainilioris, want of property. 



16. Artibus, so. the evil courses he had taken to. The "bella, 

 cedes," eto., in which "juventutem suam exercuit." 



17. Diversa inter se, contrary one- to the other. 



The plot was fortunately discovered, mainly by the vigilance 

 of the orator Cicero, who was one of the consuls at the time. 

 Catilina fled the city, anil put himself at the head of an army 

 he had raised. An army under Petreius was sent against him, 

 and the final blow was dealt to the plot by the death of Cati- 

 lina in the battle described in the following extract : 



SALLUST. " CATILINA," Ix. 



Sed ubi, omnibus rebus exploratis, Petreius tuba signum dat, 

 cohortes paullatim incedero jubet : idem facit hostium exercitus. 1 

 Poatquam eo ventum est undo 2 a ferentariis* prcelium committi 

 posset maximo clamore* cum infestis* signis conourrunt ; pila 

 omittunt ; 9 gladiis res agitur. Veterani, pristinae virtutis me- 

 mores, comminus acriter instare -.' illi' baud timidi resistunt : 

 maxima vi certatur. Interea Catilina cum expeditis* in prima 

 acie versari, laborantibus succnrrere, integros pro sauciis accer- 

 sere, omnia providere, multum ipse pugnare, scope hostem ferire ; 

 stronui militis et boni imperatoris officia simul exsequebatur. 

 Petreius ubi videt Catilinam, contra ac 10 ratus oral, magna vi 

 tendere 11 cohortem prsetoriam 12 in medios hostes inducit ; eosquo 

 perturbatos atquo alios alibi 13 resistentes interficit, deinde utrim- 

 que ex lateribus adgreditnr. Manlius et Fassulanus in primis 1 * 

 pugnantes cadunt. Postquam fusas copias aeque cam paucis 

 relictnm videt Catilina, memor generis atquo pristine dignitatis, 

 in confertissimos 14 hostes incurrit, ibiqne pngnans confoditur. 

 NOTES. 



1. Hostium exercitus, the army of the conspirators with Catilina at 

 their head. 



2. Ventum est unde (supply in locum) , tchen they had corn* to a place 

 from whence. 



3. Ferentarii (der. fero), light troops who /ought vifh missile weapon*. 



4. Clamore, the ablative of manner. " The ablative of a substan- 

 tive, in connection with an adjective, denotes the accompanying 



circumstances under which a thing is done. Boinelliim the preposi- 

 tion cum is added." (Madvitf, Lat. ' . 



5. Infestis. ho.ttle. So opposing of CMBJT (BtU. Gofl., riL 51), 

 ' legiones iufostis signis constiterunt." 



6. Coucurrunt pila omittunt. The short, disjointed sentences are 

 characteristic of the writer's style, and add force and vivldnes* to UM 

 description. 



7. Instare, the historical infinitive. Also a favourite construction 

 with Sallust, as noted above. A few Hnns below we find a number of 

 them. " The present infinitive is often used in the description of 

 actions and emotions that follow in rapid succession. " (Madrif.) 



8. Illi, the other party: sc. UM enemy. Of two thing*, ttle always 

 refers to the more remote. 



9. Expeditis, literally unimpeded, daenjaytd ; and so Itght-etrmed feroop*. 



10. Contra ac, di/erently to what he had thought fee Mould. Ac, or 

 atque, is found in the same way after secus, alius, etc. 



11. Magna vi tendere, exerting himtelf riyorouily. 



12. Cohortem prmtoriam. The picked body-guard attached to the 

 general was so called. 



13. Alios alibi, some in one direction, some in another. 



14. In primis : either are among the jir*t to fall, or faUfyhting among 

 the foremost. 



15. Confertissimos, the nart where the enemy's ranlcs that is, the 

 army of the republic were ihickett. 



The " Jugurtha," from which our next extract is taken, ia an 

 account of a war waged against a Numidian prince of that name, 

 who had endeavoured by treachery to seize the possessions of 

 his kinsmen, to whom the Roman people had been appointed 

 protectors. The extract describes an episode in the war, part 

 of an engagement between the troops commanded by Jugurtha 

 and Bomilcar, and the Roman army under Metelltu : 



SALLUST. "JUQUKTHA," lii. 



Eo modo inter se duo imperatorea, summi viri certabant : 

 ipsi pares, ceterum opibus 1 dispariboa. Nam Metello virtus 

 militum erat, locus adversus ; Jugurthee alia omnia, prater 

 milites opportuna. 2 Denique Romani, ubi intelligunt neque aibi 

 perfugium esse, neque ab hoste copiam pugnandi fieri, et jam die* 

 vesper erat ; adverse colle, 4 sicuti praeceptum fuerat, evadunt. 

 Amisso loco, Numidse f usi fugatiqne, pauci interiere ; pleroaqne 

 velocitas et regio hostibus ignara tutata aunt. Interea Bomilcar, 

 quern elephantis et parti copiarnm pedestrium praefectum ab 

 Jugurtha supra diximus, nbi eum Rutilios pnetergressus est, 

 paullatim suos in oequum locum deducit ; ac dnm legataa ad 

 flumcn, quo prasmissus erat, festinans pergit quietus, nti re* 

 postulabat, aciem exornat ; nequere mittit, quod nbiqne* hoatis 

 ageret, explorare. Postquam Rutilium consedisse jam, et animo 

 vacuum, 6 accepit, simulque ex Jugnrthaj prcelio' clamorem augeri ; 

 veritus ne legatus, cogniiA re, laborantibus suis auxilio' foret, 

 aciem, quam, diffidena virtuti militum, arete* atatuerat, quo 

 hostium itineri obficeret, latins porrigit. 

 NOTES. 



1. Opibus, either a descriptive ablative, or an ablative absolute, 



2. Opportuna (ob portus), opposite the harbour, and so, convenient. 



3. Die is the old form of the genitive diei, the etening of On day. 



4. Adverse colle, ablative of place. 



5. Quod ubique. Supply hostis ageret with both of these. W\at 

 the enemy woe doing, and where he was doing it. 



6. Animo vacuum, freed from anxiety. Vacuum governing an 

 ablative, as if equivalent to the participle of a verb signifying deficiency, 

 which, according to the regular rule, would take an ablative. 



7. ProBlio, the part of the field where Jugurtha was. 



8. Suis auxilio, double dative. 



9. Arete, in close array. 



Translation of VIRGIL, "^NKID," Book ir., Lines 173188. 



(See page 83.) 



Off at once speeds Rumour through the great cities of Libya. 

 Rumour, a cursed thing, tkan which no other flies ao fast : 

 her nimbleness gives her strength, and she gathers power as 

 ahe goes. Small at first and timid, soon she rises into the air. 

 and stalks along the ground, and hides her head amid the 

 clouds. She it was whom Earth her mother, stung by the 

 anger of the gods, brought forth, her last offspring, as a sister to 

 Cceus and Enoeladus, swift of foot, and untiring of wing. A 

 monster hideous and huge, who has for every feather on her 

 body a watchful eye beneath moat strange to tell for every 

 eye a tongue, for every tongue a buay mouth and ears attent. 

 By night she flies hissing in the darkness midway beneath earth 

 and sky ; by day ahe aita sentinel on the top of some tall pile 

 or lofty tower, and makes great cities afraid ; as apt to cling to 

 what is false and distorted as to proclaim the truth. 



