COliUKSI'ONDKXCE IX FRENCH. 







i iv, i hat tho sun's warmth is absorbed before reach 



ing [In- rui-th, ;uul tVuits tli;it will ri|i.-u 1'iirlluT iiurth 



rlilom come to perfection. Tho peach tribe lose 

 r, and grapes never reach maturity. Tin- crops 

 .suil'.-i- lu.-s in.in drought than from too much wet. 

 15ui:rusts designate it as our Asturian or Iberian region, 

 !n .in its relation to the Asturias, tho Biscayan province 

 nf S|iuin. Tin' urlmtus, London pride, bell heath, maiden 

 hail- t'ri-ii, and about fifteen other species of plants not 

 occiii TUIL: in any other part of Great Britain, are common 

 to both botanical regions. Tho provinces of Munster and 

 (Amium-jlit in Ireland, and tho county of Cornwall with 

 the adjacent parts of Devonshire in England, represent 

 i his ivu'i-m. Myrtles are fragrant in the open air 

 throughout the winter. The evergreen oak, and the 

 arbutus, with leaves hidden under bosses of gorgeous 

 fruit, are prominent in the overhanging woods of 

 Killarney, and indigenous to its vicinity. A rich neigh- 

 bouring slip of land running through the two counties of 

 Tipperary and Killarney, nas for centuries borne the 

 proud name of the Golden Vale, and produces every 

 season abundant crops. 



2. Armorican Region. 



The south-west of England, adjoining Devon and 

 Cornwall, agrees in climate with the French provinces 

 of Normandy and Brittany, whoso flora is not preva- 

 lent elsewhere in the United Kingdom. Devonshire 

 cyder, Worcestershire perry, indicate the English home 

 of the apple and pear. " Normandy pippins " is an 

 equally familiar term. Across the Channel the rural 

 homesteads, the pastures, and orchards continue the 

 natural aspect of England ; while the oak, ash, and elm 

 lend effect to the picture. Brittany, trending into the 

 Atlantic, is even like Ireland in humidity and warmth. 

 This district of France, the ancient Armorica, gives a 

 designation to the English botanical region. 



3. Germanic Region. 



The vegetation of the midland and eastern parts of 

 the United Kingdom, overlapping likewise every other 

 climatal division, bears a close relation to that of Central 

 Europe, and comprises the most important and nume- 

 rous plants. It is the region of deciduous trees, and 

 includes our chief varieties of timber, with an under- 

 growth of wild apple, cherry, holly, hawthorn, broom, 

 furze, wild rose, bramble, and honeysuckle. Food-crops, 

 both of corn and roots, here reach their highest perfec- 

 tion, and every kind of pulse and green vegetables, 

 such as the turnip, carrot, potato, and cabbage, grow in 

 abundance. 



4. Boreal Region. 



Farther north, the Scottish Highlands approximate in 

 character to Scandinavia, the features being partially 

 shared by the hills of Cumberland and Westmoreland. 

 Vegetation greatly differs from that of the plains, and is 

 analogous to the dwarfed progeny of the snow-clad Alps, 

 or of the Arctic lands. Hence its botanical name, tho 

 Boreal, or Scandinavian Region. The favoured parts of 

 Sweden, and even of Lapland, are so nearly alike in soil 

 and climate to Great Britain, that three-fourths of their 

 vegetation is common to this country. While, however, 

 our highlands are nearly bereft of forests, and even Eng- 

 land has yielded much of its forest land to the exigencies 

 of husbandry, Sweden is covered with trees, and Lap- 

 land's woods are the chief source of its wealth. On the 

 other hand, the summer scene presented by the wide- 

 stretching archipelago upon which Stockholm is founded, 

 might be transferred to the balmiest part of the English 

 coast ; for the larks of those islets fill tho air with song, 

 and the ground is matted with wild strawberries, inter- 

 strewn with bright pinks and dog-daisies ; every breath 

 of the balmy air seems redolent of wild thyme, meadow- 

 sweet, and other fragrant plants. 



Minor Divertitiet of Climate and Vegetation. 



Tli.- prersjcnoi of plant* in groups has enabled tunot 

 only to define botanical districts or floral regions, but 

 also to distinguish climate within short diftimfftf If 

 every condition were easily traced, the climate of any 

 spot could be at once inferred; but our own country 

 exemplifies the difficulties of accounting for the differ 

 ences of climate in small areas. Brighton differs essen- 

 tially from Torquay; Bath from Cheltenham; the cli- 

 mates of Malvern, Buxton, and Harrogate are unlike that 

 of Scarborough, or the hike districts; and each in turn 

 differs from all tho rest. It would be a good mental 

 exercise to trace tho local or distant cause of these 

 diversities : 



CHART 0? FLORAL REGIONS OB BOTANICAL DISTRICTS. 



CORRESPONDENCE IN FRENCH. IV. 



14. LETTER SENDING FIRST ORDER TO A. FIRM. 



Bremen, Feb. 1st, 1882. 

 Monsieur A. de Carvalho, Trinidad. 



Sir, Your firm has been recommended to me by a friend as 

 one of the best and promptest in executing its correspondents' 

 orders ; I should therefore be glad to enter into business relations 

 with yon. I beg you to send me, by the first vessel sailing from 

 your port to Bremen, the following goods : 

 16 barrels of Virginia leaves, first quality ; 



15 barrels of new Carolina rice ; 

 50 barrels of raw sugar. 



As I have not the pleasure of being known to yon, I beg to 

 refer you for all information you may desire to Mr. Aguilar, of 

 your city, an old friend of mine, or to Messrs. Andrada, the 

 bankers. 



You may draw, for the amount, upon Messrs. Julius Gersten- 

 berg and Co., of London, who have received my orders to accept 

 your drafts. j ^ ^ 



Your obedient servant, 



JAOQUCS LKMAJTRB. 



Bremen, le !<* Ftvrier, 1882. 

 Monsieur A. de Carvalho, lie de la Trinit& 



Monsieur, Un de mes amis m'a reoommande votre mainon 

 comme un des plus solides et des plus exaotes a. executor lea 

 commissions de ses oommettants ; je serais done bien aise d'entrer 

 en relation aveo vous. Je vous prie de m'envoyer par le premier 

 navire qui partira de chez vons pour Bremen les marchandiaee 

 Buivantes, savoir : 



16 barriqnea de feuilles de Virginie, premier* qualite; 

 15 barriques ris nouveau, de la Caroline ; 



50 tonneaux de sucre brut. 



Comme je n'ai pas 1'honnenr d'etre connu de vous, vouo 

 ponrroz prendre des informations BUT mon oompte, soli chea 

 M. Aguilar de votre ville, mon ancien ami, qui vpus fixera tux 

 le degre de confianoc que je merito, aoit chez Messieurs Andrada, 

 banquiers. 



Vous pouvez tirer pour le montant BUT Messieurs Jules Gr- 

 stenberg et C* 8 , de Londres, qui ont recn otdre d'acoepter voa 



traite8 ' Agreez, Monsieur, 



Mes civilitfa empressees, 



JACQUES LBHAITKE. 



