rnMl'AKATlVK ANATOMY. 



327 



ti'ai, * pair opt t alfnarot 

 av-ry TActii i<f>dv>infv. 

 /xarp M' truer* t, /xartp 

 Nv aXauiiri *a) 88of)d(Tic troivav 

 AaroCi -yip MJ /i* 



<rrp. a'. 



itrl Si T<p 



a'-yf iff/ia Kvpiov 



irapcupopa,, 



320 



.'!.!' 

 ?30 



s (ppti/aic, a<p6p- 

 , aiWa /Sporots. 



NOTES. 



306. Movffav, etc., to un/uld our strain o/ venganc. 



311. lT<r.f u/ici, how our company (u^i.i for ij/if rt'pa) distribute* Uw lot* 

 <imoti>) iiiniilriiitl. 



'.IJ t 'i'e5iuioi, etc., and we Mink ourselves strirlly jtuf. 

 ."!';. n, , uK-jiovru, irho holds out clean hands the innocent: opposed to 



' Ity, who conceals them (twnpuirrtt). 

 318. 'optfm, ftruiijM, unerring. 

 320. TcAtwr, following him (o Hi end. T fXor. 



322. 'A \uouri, etc., lit., to Mind and teeing alike i.e., to both the dead and 

 tht living. 

 923. 'In? , ton, from it, fibre. Apollo is meant. 



'.\<t>atpovntvor, \J he takes a\cay from me (for himself) . n-rSna, this 

 ng one drrimrtrw), usually means a hare, in consequence of the ex- 

 i nidi ty of that animal. Marpyox, etc., my oicn peculiar (nJpion) 

 victim, to avenge a mother's murder. MaTpyW agrees with Hfviafia, instead 

 ., by the figure of speech entitled enallage, or interchange of 

 pithets. 



328. Tif -TfQvuivip, the victim consecrated for the sacrifice. From iwi 

 supply iirtpxerat. 



The " Persas " (Persians) is about the only instance where a 

 Greek dramatist has chosen contemporary history for his theme. 

 The subjects of almost all the Greek tragedies are taken from a 

 pro-historic period, in almost every case. But the " Persse " 

 gives the account of the expedition led by Xerxes against the 

 Greeks which met with complete overthrow in the battle of 

 Salamis, B.C. 480, in which the poet himself took part. Here 

 is his vigorous description of the advance of the Grecian fleet 

 on the ships of the Persians : 



400 



405 



pad, Ka.iroUpa.vf i -iravra <boiviaa"r)s i>tus 410 



TO. irpoira (iff 6-)/ ptvpa HtpfftKov ffrparov 



iil'Tf'lXI.V US 8f WA7J0OS ^P 0"Tfl/< t/fWf 



IjOpotffT , apwyij 8" oCris oAA^Aois Trap^v, 



aiTol 8' w(^>' avTuv f[j.@o\dis ^aAxoo'T^oij 415 



iraiovr', HOpauov vdi/ra. KUTn'jprj o~r6\ov. 



NOTES. 



400. 'H-yerro xiffjuy, led the array. 'H-yto/iai, with dative, has the sense 

 of going before. 



401. flapitv, it wos ross lie one could liear one loud untwrsal shout. 

 405. OVKUC, the torn!;*- where thu dead are placed (.-<tfn/,). 



::..p' i'i/iuiv f OH our side. It is a Persian messenger who is telling 

 the tale. 



408. ITO,\O, ornament, array (<jTt\Xu), here means the beak of the ship 

 which was used to strike against a foe. 



410. n<ii>Ta Kopvn/3', the whole fijure-head. <t>o<r<rnr : the Phoenicians 

 were the earliest navigators, and at this time were employed as 

 mercenaries. 



11-'. Tel/io. At first the rush (charge) of the Persian host bor uj 

 ayairwt i'. 



;!:. u.u'owr', for iiraiorru, it being the speech of an ayjtXot, the 

 augment is, as usual, omitted. 



US. "PERSJE," 398 416. 



000J5 Sf iravrts ?iffu.v tKcpavfts IStir 

 TO 5fwv fj.fv irpurrov tSraKrov Ktpas 

 jryt'iro KdVjuy, Seintpov $' & iras crr6\os 



jre{X^P '> Ka ^ TttpVJJ' 0>OU K\VftV 



woAAV oV, T *l waiSfs 'f.\\i]vu>v fat, 

 f\fuBtpovrt irarpiS', i\fu6fpovTf Sf 

 iralSas, yvva'tKas, Otuv T irarpyuv eSjj, 

 O^Kas T irpoyovtav v\iv uirtp iravruv ayiav. 

 ' 



inrr]vriaf, KOVK tr' ^v /j.(\\fiv d 



TRANSLATION OF EXTRACT I. IN LAST BE ADI NO. 



Crton. Thoo I uk, the* who bodMt thy face to the ground, dot* 

 thou conftnui to this) deed, or deny it ? 



A*tt.j. I nay I did it. au.i deny it not. 



Crwn. A. for thee (la tlu **tm<l), Uke thyself off whr tbou wilt 

 I* free from this heavy accusation. Bat do tbou (to Antigtmt) toll CM. 

 not at Uufftb, but briefly, didst tho know of tbo proekaatioa thtyk 

 forbad this deed ? 



Antig. Know it ? Of court* I did. It was clear enough. 



Creon. And didst thou dare then to transyreM a law like this T 



/I /.('..). Yes; for it was not Zeus that proclaimed this to me, nor 

 Justice, that site associate of the gods below (who have determined 

 these laws among men), nor did I deem that decrees of thine bad such 

 power, that a mere mortal like thou couldst override the unwritten and 

 surely fixed laws of the Kods. For their laws live not merely from one 

 day to another, but erer and orer, and no one knows whence they come. 

 Such laws it wan not for me to transgress in the face of heaven, when 

 I feared the will of no man, for I knew that I most die, ay, surely, 

 even if thou hodst never proclaimed thy decree : and if I am to die 

 before my time, I couut it but a gain. For one who lives as I do in 

 the midst of many evils by death may surely be safd to be a gainer. 

 Wherefore my sorrow at meeting with this fate is as nothing. But if 

 I had endured to nee the corpse of him whom my mother bore, lying 

 unburied, then I should grieve. Now I grieve not. But if I seem to 

 thee to be acting folly, it is something like incurring a charge of folly 

 at the hands of a fool. 



COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. XXI. 



MAMMALIA. 



THE philosophy of the Duke Senior, called forth, aa it were, by 

 the grand yet simple beauty of the Arden forest, as contrasted 

 with the turmoil and conflicts of court which Shakespeare so 

 forcibly illustrates is little in comparison with the enthusiasm 

 which arises in the mind of the anatomist, as he beholds the 

 successive stages of development evinced by those beings which 

 Nature has endowed with the attributes of life. Artifice can 

 produce a variety of buildings, widely different in shape ; bat 

 the temples which Nature has created and tenanted are so varied 

 and beautiful that we are lost in a maze as we recognise her 

 power. From the same materials, she builds np form after 

 form, differing in magnitude and beauty ; and, by modifying 

 now one tissue and now another, gives origin to beings which 

 apparently differ as much from each other as the earth's poles 

 in distance. But, yet more wonderful still, we find evidences of 

 the same life pervading the whole, differing only in degree in 

 accordance with the facilities bestowed for its manifestation. 



We have described beings adapted to live in water ; beings 

 capable of living on land or in water ; others that can soar in 

 air far above earth's surface ; and now it only remains to 

 describe those animals which constitute the final link in so 

 extensive a scale and being final, in possession of forms the 

 most beautiful, of faculties characterised by the highest degree 

 of intelligence, and of peculiarities which distinguish them 

 from every other division of the great vertebrate kingdom. The 

 chief distinctive peculiarity is that of breasts, which each pos- 

 sess and from whence they take their name, the word mammalia 

 coming from the Latin, mamma, a breast. The preceding divi- 

 sions are, more or less, independent of their parents for support. 

 Not so, however, the mammalian young ; helpless when born, 

 they would hopelessly perish, had not bounteous Nature provided 

 the parent with breasts which furnish the secretion milk, and a 

 corresponding degree of affection the one to nourish, the other 

 to cherish them until sufficiently matured to seek food for them- 

 selves. The breasts vary somewhat in position and number. 

 In man and the quadrumana they are situated on the chest; 

 in flesh-eaters, over the chest and belly ; in the cow, mare, etc., 

 they are placed close to the hind extremities. They are two 

 in number in the goat, elephant, and ape ; four in the horse and 

 cow ; eight in the cat ; ten in the rabbit and pig ; and ten or 

 twelve in the rat. Each breast consists of a number of small 

 lobes bound together by connective tissue. Each of the small 

 lobes is made up of still smaller ones, and each of these ter- 

 minates in a small tube or duct. The ducts of the smaller divi- 

 sions of each lobe join to form a common duct. The ducts so 

 formed terminate at the central projecting part (nipple) of the 

 breast. The chief constituents of the milk are : Caseine, butter, 

 sugar of milk, alkaline and earthy salts, with traces of iron. 



The lowest order of each great class is represented by beings 

 which partake of the character of the next lowest class, and so 

 we find it here. The Duck-billed Platypus (.Ornithoryndwu), s 



