TIIK UNIVERSITIES. 



997 



academical year" previously, and mast transmit to the Registrar 



.rsity a certificate of good conduct, which will bo 



.igned by any person of character and position, at 



nth before tho commencement of the 



i by each cu* 

 , 



sir on receipt of the certificate. 

 Cation is not a difficult one, and should 



y for the matri* 



examin IT'S additional study. Tho 



rules prescril'<l for tho guidawo of htinlouta preparing for 

 ;>plioablo to tha remain. L-r of the 

 -urso ; but during its progress individuality will be 

 !: f rinse upon them. The leading principles, 

 :<>uld not bo hastily abandoned; they havo boon 

 i many examinations, and have resulted 

 success. Concurrent study of tho subjects of 



examination; systematic reading, regulated by judiciously con 

 10 tables; a discreet analysis of portions of the 

 examination ; and equal familiarity with all the subjects to 

 the writer owes many academical distinctions, and the 

 University Gold Medal on taking tho highest degree, rathor 

 than to tho possession of more than average ability or unusual 

 opportunities for study. 



The examination is, like that nt matriculation, conducted by 

 means of printed papers, the examiners seldom exercising the 

 rijjht reserved to them of putting ritvl voce questions. The 

 whole of tho subjects are continuations of those required at 

 tho previous examination, and are ranged under the four follow- 

 ing divisions : 



I. Mathematics, including 

 a. Arithmetic. 



/3. Algebra. 



7. Geometry (including Mensuration and Conic Sections). 



8. Plane Trigonometry. 



II. Classics, including (a) The Latin Language with Latin 

 and Eoman History, (0) Greek. 



III. The English Language, Literature, and History. 



IV. The French or the German Language. 



Branch I. In Branch I., Arithmetic and Algebra form the sub- 

 jects of a paper, to which three houra are allotted. The student 

 must be familiar with the ordinary rules of arithmetic, proportion, 

 interest, vulgar and decimal fractions, and the extraction of the 

 square root ; in all of which tho ques tions are merely somewhat 

 more difficult than those set at the matriculation examination. 

 This portion of the branch should, if it has been properly pre- 

 pared previously, require but little additional study. In Algebra, 

 the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of algebra- 

 ical quantities ; determination of common factors ; algebraical 

 proportion ; algebraical fractions ; arithmetical and geometrical 

 progressions and simple equations, must not be entirely ne- 

 glected ; and considerable facility should bo acquired in perform- 

 ing the operations they involve. In addition, ratio, proportion, 

 and variation, permutations and combinations, simple and com- 

 pound interest, present value, discount and annuities, quadratic 

 equations, and the nature and use of logarithms, including 

 the mode of finding the characteristic in every case, must be 

 diligently studied ; and problems in all of them should be re- 

 peatedly practised. Tho Lessons in Algebra in the POPULAR 

 EDUCATOR contain the requisite materials for preparation, and 

 will, with a slate, be amply adequate for the purpose ; while 

 an hour's work on alternate days during the year preceding 

 the examination should be sufficient to enable the student to 

 acquire the necessary proficiency. The names of the subjects 

 are more appalling than the reality. 



In Geometry, it will be desirable to study carefully tho whole 

 of the lessons and exercises on that subject in the POPULAR 



* It may be as well to call attention to the fact that by the term 

 "academical year" is ordinarily meant the period intervening be- 

 tween any examination and an examination of a higher grade in the 

 following year ; which period may be either more or Uws than a calendar 

 year. Thus the interval between the Intermediate examinations in arts, 

 science, and medicine, and the Degree examinations of the next year 

 in those faculties respectively, is about sixteen months; whilst the 

 interval between the B.A. Examination and the M.A. Examination of 

 the next year, or between the B.Sc. Examination and the D.Sc. 

 Examination of the next year, is less than eight months. Neverthe- 

 less, each of these intervals is counted as an " academical year." 



EDUCATOR, committing them to tho understanding rather than 

 the memory. The student mart also be well prepared in the 

 first >iz books of Euclid, of which four have been already 

 learned, and in the eleventh book to the twenty-first proposition. 

 Conic Sections and Trigonometry are fresh, and not at first 

 inviting or easy, fields. But they must be mastered, and should 

 be attacked early. The elementary properties of the cylinder, 

 eono, and sphere, treated geometrically, must be thoroughly 

 understood. The mathematical treatment of tho subject is 

 limited to questions upon the equations to tho straight line, the 

 circle, parabola, hyperbola, and ellipse referred to rectangular 

 co -ordinates ; the equations to tho tangent and normal of each 

 of the conic sections ; and simple propositions involving a 

 knowledge of the characteristic properties of the curves. The 

 equation to the ellipse will be found tho most difficult, and, 

 being frequently selected by the examiners, familiarity with it 

 should bo resolutely acquired. Candidates must possess such 

 a knowledge of plane trigonometry aa will enable them to 

 solve all the oases of plane triangles, and must know the ex- 

 pression for the area of a triangle in terms of its sides. 



II. Classics. The Greek paper includes one subject from tho 



f Homer, .ffischylus, Euripides, Sophocles, Herodotus, or 

 Xonophon, to bo selected two years previously by the Senate ; 

 and easy questions in Grammar. The Latin subjects are chosen 

 from the Eclogues, two books of tho Georgics, or two books of 

 the ^Eneid, of Virgil ; or from the Odes, Satires, or Epistles 

 of Horace ; a book of Livy, or the Annals or Histories of Taci- 

 tus ; or one of the Orations or one book from any of the Philo- 

 sophical or Rhetorical works of Cice ro ; the selection being made 

 two years previously by the Senate. Information upon this point 

 may be obtained either from the Registrar by letter, or from the 

 University calendar. The examination papers contain passages 

 of the selected authors to be construed into English, and short 

 passages of English to be translated into Latin prose. The 

 remarks made in reference to the corresponding portion of the 

 Matriculation Examination are equally applicable to tho first 

 B.A. ; but we again recommend a thorough study of Latin gram- 

 mar, especial attention to the grammatical analysis of the selected 

 texts, to the biography of the authors, and to the historical, geo- 

 graphical, and mythological allusions ; and, in the preparation 

 of the Latin Prose, to the Roman Calendar, tho use of the 

 subjunctive mood, and to Roman numerals and ordinals. 



The History of Rome to the death of Augustus must also be 

 carefully read. 



III. The English Language, Literature, and Hittory. The 

 English branch of the examination will involve considerable 

 study. It will probably not be difficult to write out the substance 

 of a paragraph previously read by the examiners, if the passage 

 is delivered distinctly and as it should be written. Correct 

 spelling and logical punctuation are the points requiring most 

 attention. The requisite knowledge of the grammatical struc- 

 ture of the language and of composition will be more difficult to 

 acquire, but may bo attained by careful study of the Lessons in 

 English in the POPULAR EDUCATOR. In addition, the exami- 

 nation in English includes special subjects defined from time to 



i' which candidates may inform themselves by appli- 

 cation to the Registrar, or by reference to the calendar. They 

 consist usually of the history of some brief period of English 

 Literature, which may be read from the Lessons in English 

 Literature in the POPULAR EDUCATOR ; of one of the plays of 

 Shakespeare, which should be studied from a good annotated 

 edition; of some other English classic, and of some other 

 standard author. 



Tho biographies of the authors, the names and dates of their 

 works, the peculiarities of their styles, and tho classes to which 

 they belong, -should be noticed; the text of the selected works 

 should be carefully analysed ; involved passages paraphrased ; 

 beauties or blemishes detected ; archaic or obsolete forms and 

 uses of words understood ; historical and other allusions ren- 

 dered capable of explanation ; and familiar quotations and their 

 context committed to memory. 



The examination in English History is confined to a limited 

 period, coinciding as a rule with the defined period of English 

 Literature, the questions very frequently having reference to 

 points of constitutional importance, and to legislation by charter 

 and by statute. 



IV. French or German. The last branch of the examination 

 consists of either the French or the German language, with one 



