10 



THE POPULAR EDUCATOR. 



LESSONS IN" GREEK XXXIV. 



CONTRACTED VERBS PURE. 



CONTRACTED pure verbs are those which have for their charac- 

 teristic either a, e, or o, and blend those vowels with the im- 

 mediately following mood-vowel. The mixing of the vowels 

 takes place in only the present and imperfect of the active and 

 middle (or passive), since only in those two is the characteristic 

 vowel followed by the mood-vowel. 



The blending of two vowels produces various vowels or diph- 

 thongs, as appears in the following table, where +, the sign of 

 plus in mathematics, denotes that the two vowels between which 

 it is placed melt together to produce another or a diphthong, 

 and =, the sign of equality, is prefixed to the result. 



From this tabular view, it will easily be seen how to resolve 

 the contracted forms into the uncontracted. In order to do so, 

 we have only to reverse the process. 



By consulting the table, you will find that the double vowels 

 and diphthongs have each several values. Accordingly, when 

 you meet with co, so as to give you an idea that it is a con- 

 tracted form, you know that its elements must be found in the 

 list of its equivalents just given. The same may be said of ov 

 and 01. 



The contracted verbs agree with the uncontracted verbs in 

 this namely, that generally the characteristic root-vowel of 

 the present and imperfect is lengthened in the other tenses ; 

 thus we change 



e into 77, as <pL\t-ca, I love, fut. cpiATj-crco. 



o ,, co, ,, /j.iff9o-ea, I let for hire, ^icr0co-crco. 



d ,, 77, Tt/id-co, I honour, TIJUTJ-CTCO. 



d ,, d, ed-co, / (Mow, ed-crco. 



This lengthening into d takes place when the vowel is pre- 

 ceded by e, i, or p : as 



Edco, I suffer, fut. ederco, aor. etdffa. 



MeiSidco, I smile, fut. fj.fi5id-ffofj.ai. 



AAod-co, I strike, thresh, oAod-o-co. 



AKpoa-0/j.ai, I hear, aitpod-o-ofj.ai. 



The following, with some others, take 77 instead of d : 

 Eyyud-co, J pledge, fut. 6771/77 -o-co. 



Bod-co, I shout like an ox, ,, /3or]-ffOfj.at. 



Xpa-ca, I utter an oracular response, j^pi]-<ria. 



Observe that Aoi/co, I wash, forms from the simpler verb Aow 

 the middle present \ovrai, \ov/j.fvos, \ov, \ovff9ai, the imperfect 

 eAouyu.Tj*', eAou, eAouro, etc. The other parts are regularly formed 

 from Aouco. 



An example of the way in which contracted verbs are conju- 

 gated is subjoined below. This should be carefully committed 

 to memory exactly as it is given here : 



tytco ; Ti/j,aeis, TI/J.O.S ; n/xaei, Ti/ioi ; nfj.at-rov, Ti/j.aTov ; 

 nfj.afTov, Tifj.aToi>; ri/j.ao/j.fv, rt/j.ea/j.ei' ; rifj.aere, nu.aTf ; ri(j.aovffi, 



TI/iCO(Ti. 



T^tao/xai, rifj.S>fj.ai ; Tj/u.aecr(?co, rifj.atr9ca ; fj.iff9oeo-9vv, fj.Lff9ov- 

 ' ; <pi\eofj.evos, (^lAoVjUei/oj ; e<f>i\fo/j.f9ov, f<pi\ovfj.fQov; eri- 

 e, nu&o'9 5 tc^uAeoi'TO, <bi\ovvro, etc. 



PARADIG1IS OP CONTRACTED VERBS. ACTIVE VOICE. 

 INDICATIVE MOOD. 



Present Tense. 



CHARACTERISTIC O. CHARACTERISTIC . CHARACTERISTIC 0. 



Sing. rt/j.(a-ca)S>,I honour ^iA(e-co)co, I love; ^io-e(o-co)co, I let. 



rifj.(a-ts)c[,s, <pi\(e-eis)e'is, fJ.in'9(o-eis)o'is. 



rifj.(a-fi)a, (pL\(e-et)f?, /x((T0(o-E()o?. 



Dual. riu.(a-e)a-rov, <f>t\(e-e)e'i-Tov, fJ.i(r6(o-e)ov-rov. 



Plur. 



Sing. 



Dual. 

 Plur. 



Sing. 



Dual. 

 Plur. 



Sing. 



Dual. 

 Plur. 



Sing. 



Dual. 

 Plur. 



Sing. 

 Dual. 

 Plur. 



Nom. 

 Gen. 



ri/j.(a-f)a.-re, <(A(e-e)e?-Te, fj.io-9(o-e)ov-re. 



rifj.(a-ov)ia-<Ti, <pi\(e-ov)ou-o-t, fj.i<rQ(o-ov)ov-<n. 



Imperfect Tense. 



erifj.(a-ov)cav, e(pi\(e-ov)ow, tu.iff6(o-ov)ovv. 



eri[j.(a-es)as, f(f)t\(f-fs)fis, ffj.iff9(o-es)ovs. 



erifj.(a-e)a, e<pi\(e-f)et, efj,iff9(o-e)ov.i 



eTifj.(a-ov)oci', 



ffj,iff6(o-ov)ovv. 



Perfect Tense. 



Pluperfect Tense. 



Future Tense. 

 nu."r\(T(a cpcapaffca, c^iATjcrco, utffdcaffca. 



Aorist. 

 fTi/j.r]ffa e<f copdcro, ec/jiATjcra, ffjuff9ooffa. 



SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD 



Present Tense. 



Tj/i(a-co)co, <f)iA(6-co)co, fj,i<r9(o-ca)w. 



rifj,(a-ris)%s, (pi\(t-fis)yt, (J.iff9(o-ris)o'is. 



rifj.(a-v)a, <pi\(e-ri)fj, fj.Lcr9(o-ri)o'i. 



rifj.(a-t])a-rov, <pi\(e-if)ri-rov, fj.ifr9(o-ri)S>-roi 



riu.(a.-ri)a-rov, <bi\(e-T])9i-rov, uiff9(o-ri)w-roi 



<7>iA(e-co)co-o"i, 



OPTATIVE MOOD. 



Present Tense. 



n/j.(a-ois)ijis, 



T{yu(a-oi)cp, 



rifj.(a-oi)ea-rov, 



rifj.(a-oi)cp-/j.fv, 



(j>i\(e-ot)ot, 

 (pi\(f-oi)oL-rov, 



C/)iA(6-Ol)oi-T77f, 



Attic Form. 



<iA(e-oj)oj-77TOf, 



fj.ia9(o-oi)oi-fj.i. 

 (j.io~9(o-ois)oi.s. 



fj.Lff9(o-oi)ot-rot>. 

 fj.iff9(o-oi) oi-rrjv. 



fJ.lffd(o-Oi)oi-/J.V. 



fj.LO~9(o-oi)oi-rf. 



fj.io-9(o-oi)oi-riv. 



rifj.(a-oi)(a-T]Te, 



fJ.lff9(o-Ol)oi-T]. 

 jUICT0(o-Ol)ot-77TOf. 



fj.tff9(o-oi)oi-r]r-r]!/. 

 /j.iff9(o-oi)oi-ri/j.ti>. 



fj.io-9(o-ot)o'i-tv. 



IMPERATIVE MOOD 



Present Tense. 

 (pt\(e-e)fi, 

 tpt\(e-e)(t-rca, 



rifj.(a-e)a, <iA(e-e)et, (j,icr9(o-f)ov. 



Ttju(a-e)a-Tco, c/MA(e-e)i-Tco, fj,iff9(o-e)ov-ra}. 



rifj.(a-e)a-rov, <pi\(-e)f't-rov, fj.iff&(o-f)ov-rov. 



riu.(a-)a-r<av, <pL\(f-t)ei-ruj>, fj,iff9(o-f)ov-Tan'. 



rifj.(a-e)a-rf, (pt\(e-e)f7-re, fj.LO-9(o-e)ov-re. 



nu.(a-e)a.-rtaffav or c|>iA(e-e)et-Tcoa'a' or fj,iff9(o-f)ov-r(ao~av 



n/j.(a-o)cii-vrait>, <pi\(e-o)ov-vr<av, or fj.io~9(o-o)ov-vr(at>. 



Tifj.(a-ov)ca-o~a, 



INFINITIVE MOOD. 



Present Tense. 



PARTICIPLE. 



<pi\(e-ov)ovi', 



/j.io-9(o-fiv)ovv. 



/j.iff6(o-ov)ov-cra. 

 p.icrQ(o-ov)oiiv. 

 fj,iff0(o-o) ov-vros, 

 (j.io~9(o-ov)o-j-<ri]S, 



