RECREATIVE SCIENCE. 



55 



ra 0rj far own irvvtofj.oiovv. 3. XoAirf w ran rwf 

 f apcrair {irr<>i;i TOUT uraivom. 4. /TjAou, w wai, TOUV 

 <r0Aoi>* KCU (ruHppuvai avOp a ,. 6. *H TI/X? iroAAout *aa>v wpetr- 

 Torrat opdoi. 6. FlATjOoi KUKWI/ ri\v avOfjwwwyv (wnv a^at/pui. 7. 

 Of pfayiai TTJI/ <ro<pMi> fakottv. 



KKMAKKS. 



To aATjflf * KaAAoT is tho object to tho verb apaupoi. Tho 

 sentence will bo moro easily rendered if inverted thu, ovrt 

 worai, eta., apivpoi TO (caAAor 6-rtp, etc. 



Ol vt afiai TTJV atxpiav ^Aoiy. The verb is in tho optative, 

 the mood which denotes a wish (opto, I desire), and tho sentence 

 may bo translated O that young men would earnestly seek 

 af tor wisdom I 



EXERCISE 102. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Thou wastcst away thy strength. 2. Ho wastes away his 

 it boys would sock for learning (ra, y pa^nara). 

 I. K'ii'hea blind mon. 5. Ho was freeing tho captives. 6. They 

 froo their children. 7. Thou wast freeing thy father, a captive. 

 8. Ho restores tho bod citizens. 9. Disregard of life blinds 

 the foolish. 10. They two blinded their friends. 



CONTRACTED VERBS IN OOi IN THE PRESENT AND IMPERFECT 

 MIDDLE OR PASSIVE. 



ASi/vaTCM, I am 



powerless. 



A.Kpoaofiai (with 

 ive), I hear, 



listen. 



"Hfj.epa5pofj.os, -on, 6, 



VOCABULARY. 

 a day- runner, 

 courier. 



JVIa/copioj, -a, -i 

 happy. 



(Latin, 

 machina, our ma- 



chine), construct, 



devise. 

 'TVoSTj/ua, -aros, TO, a 



sandal, a shoe. 

 Xpao/uat (Latin, utor, 



with dat.), I use. 



EXERCISE 103. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. 'Orav aSwarrjs Tip tt\ovT(p xpi)o~6at,Ti Siatpfpets TOU TTfvriTos; 

 2. Ewovs \oyos \virrjf larai. 3. fifj.tafj.(voi travrts Tj^ovrai /Bporoi. 

 4. Of avOpwiroi TroAAa p.r\xav<tivrai. 5. Ma/copios fffriv oans ov(Tiai> 

 Kai vow x el > XP"n ral 7 a P Ka\ws tts TO.VTO. (is a 5ei. 6. 'O ayaQos 

 inro iravroiv TifiaTat. 7. Of rj/Afpodpofiot OVK expuvTO inroSij/j.ao'ii' 

 (v THUS 6Sois. 



REMARKS. 



Ti 8ia(pfp(is, etc., Tiow do you differ from a poor man ? lite- 

 rally, the poor man, the Greeks using the definite article to 

 denote a class. 



Xp77Tai yap KaAcos K.T.A. (*cai TO Aonra, equivalent to our etc. 

 that is, et cetera, though tho et is not used in good Latin). This 

 member in full is XP 7 )" 5 " 7 a P T fl ovffia fis Tainra is a Set XP 7 ? "" "- 



EXERCISE 104. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Thou didst hear. 2. They were hearing. 3. Ho was hear- 

 ing. 4. Ho hears. 5. They devise. 6. They devised. 7. He 

 uses. 8. You two use. 9. They use. 10. You were using. 11. 

 Ho was using. 12. They were using. 13. Thou art unable to 

 uso thy substance (rj ov&ia) wisely. 14. Happy are those who 

 use their substance wisely. 



CONTRACTED VERBS IN CM, PRESENT AND IMPERFECT 



MIDDLE OR PASSIVE. 

 VOCABULARY. 



ASiKeia, I act unjust- 'E\\r)i>, -i)vos, 6, a and an opt. with 



ly, I do an injury. Hellene, a Greek. tho historical ; 



A.i$fo/j.at, I am ETOS, CTOI/S, TO, a after verbs denot- 



ashamed, I reve- year. ing care, also the 



rence. lo-x^poj, -a, -ov, future indicative). 



fiiriffrtta, I believe strong. nATjavoj, -a,-ov,near; 

 not, trust not ; KaTa^poj/eco, I look of Tr\t)<riov, tho 

 passive, find no down on, I do- near, your neigh- 

 credit, spiso ; pass., I am bours or relatives. 



AiroAutm, -a>s, ^, a despised. IloAiopfcca), I besiege, 



solution, dissolu- Mjo-eco, I hate. Tpoia, -aj, i], Troy, 



tion, freeing, ter- 'Onus, so that (takes *o/3e&), I frighten; 



mination. [quire. a subj. with tho mid., I fear. 



Afo,ua<, I need, re- principal tenses, 



EXERCISE 105. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Toy ayaOov avSpa iroiov Iraipov. 2. Top iffxypov Sti irpaov 

 ftvai 6ir(as of ir\T)ffiov aiSieirai /xaAAo^ ij (poficavrai. 3. \Trio~Towrai 

 ol \a\oi, KO.V a\riQtv<affiv. 4. Of ITtpo-at viro Ttov 'I.\\i\v<ov f(jii<r- 

 OWTO Kai KorttypovowTo. 5. 'O itriotf aSiicoiv ovStvos Stirat vo^ov. 



C. Tpoia 8*a TTJ inro TUV 'EAAtycwf (voAtopKfiTO. 7. 

 fyoflttaOtf 6a.va.ruv, awo\vffiv KO.K.UV. 



BEJIARKS. 



+t\ovmti. Tho full form I* of Qikowrt , etc. 

 Ao TT), /or ten year*. Duratiou of timo in Greek, as ia 

 Latin, IH put in the accusative. 



EXKKCISB 106. ENQLUIH-GREEK. 



I. Despise not each other. 2. They find no credit. 3. Thoa 

 dospisost tho bad. 4. He was despised (while) despising. 5. 

 Ho acts uHJuHtly. 6. Those who act unjustly are acted un- 

 justly to. 7. They fear death, the end of evils. 8. Tho citizen* 

 fear lest the city may be besieged. 9. They speak the truth. 



CONTRACTED VERBS IN o, PRESENT AND IMPERFECT 

 KIDDLE OR PASSIVE. 



VOCABULARY. 



AA/CT;, -? *7i power, Ecavrtoo/uu (Latin, 



strength. adversor), I op- 



Pavpow, I make pose, withstand. 



proud ; mid., I ZTJ^KOW, I punish 



am proud. (C 7 ?/* 7 /? punish- 



ArjAow, I make clear, ment). 



I manifest. 2op{, irap/co j, rj, flesh. 



MIJT /iTjTf, nor^" 

 nor, neither nor. 



TaTri/oetf, I humble, 

 humiliate. 



Xttpaofjuu (x'p, the 

 hand), I handle, 

 compel, subdue. 



EXERCISE 107. GREEK-ENGLISH. 



1. Aov\oufj.tOa Tj7 ffapxi Kai TOIS iraOfffiv. 2. Toi/j yxv <f>t\ovt 

 t\(vOtpu>fi.tt>, TOVS 8t cx^pows x f 'P <a f i( ^ a - 3. Mij yaupov trotpia, 

 /UTJT' a\Ky, ^TJT irAouroi. 4. *O uirfpippwv Tairtivono. 5. Of Toif 

 ayaBois fvavriovufvoi a^ioi tiffi fyfjuouffQai. 6. Ol ffrpariwrai vrt 

 Tiav fiap&apuv (So\oumo. 7. Havre* KUKOI 



EXERCISE 108. ENGLISH-GREEK. 



1. Bad men are enslaved to the flesh. 2. You free your 

 enemies ; they do not free their friends. 3. He is proud of 

 (dat.) his substance. 4. The bod oppose the good, but tho 

 good are happy. 5. They were being punished. 6. They are 

 (being) punished. 7. We were punished. 8. Yon were punished. 

 9. May he who ia proud of his wealth be speedily humbled (opt.). 



RECREATIVE SCIENCE. X. 



EEFLECTING TUBE AND OTHER OPTICAL CONTRIVANCES 

 THERE can be no doubt that if the various applications of the 

 laws of the reflection of light alone were collected, they would 

 form a work of considerable size, and require an immense 

 number of pictures to illustrate them. In these articles some 

 attempt will be mode to give an idea of tho multiplicity of 

 clever and amusing arrangements and combinations of mirrors of 

 various forms employed either to produce amusing illusions or 

 to assist the scientific man in investigations carried on with the 

 microscope, or to help the physician in the examination of the 

 eyes, as with the important instrument called the opthalmoscope. 

 The cruel epigram pungently observes 



" He that will never look upon an ass 



Must lock his door and break his looking-glass." 

 The reverse of this, however, seems to have been the case, 

 when the Rev. W. Taylor, F.E.S., of Worcester, informed the 

 British Minister of War that many valuable lives might be 

 saved in the Crimea by no longer behaving like the much- 

 abused quadruped, and peeping across walls and fortifications, 

 over which cannon-balls and bullets were hurtling, but to look 

 into a square wooden tube in which some pieces of looking-glass 

 were neatly arranged in fact, to look at the reflection of the 

 enemy and their works, instead of the stern reality. The little 

 apparatus is shown in Fig. 1 a, Z>, in section and elevation, and is 

 simply termed by the inventor a " Reflecting Tube." A, B are 

 two flat mirrors placed with their reflecting surfaces facing each 

 other ; the light enters the round hole at c, is reflected from A 

 to B, and emerges at D, where the eye of the spectator, is placed. 

 Five hundred, exactly the same as the one delineated, and five 

 hundred others differing from them only in being double the 

 length, were sent to the Crimea. They cost two shillings each, 

 and doubtless would have saved many valuable lives had they 

 been sent out sooner. The Americans, of course, were not slow 

 in adopting the idea, and the reflecting tubes were much used 

 during their sad internecine war. Mr. Taylor's mode of applying 



