LESSONS IN GEEMAN. 



m 



many fold P " arc formed from the cardinal* bj adding the 



imtiix i.ul> 1 1'.. l.li or ultuj (having fold*); thux :~ 



ii or einialii.i.* un-'Md, or single. 



:i.(. twofold, or having two fold*, or doable. 



U$ or cierf altig, fourfold, or baring four folds, or quadruple. 



$ 48. VARIATIVE NUMERALS. 



which answer to the question, " Of how many 



' are f ormod from the cardinal* by affixing 1 e \ (a sort or 



kind), the syllable cr being inserted for the sake of euphony ; 



Gmerlei, of one kind. I Dreierlei, of three kind*. 



-let, of two kinds. | 9Ranc}er(d of many kindH, etc. 



" 49. DIMIDIATIVE NUMERALS. 



, which answer to the question, " Which (i.e., 

 whii-h oi 1 1 '!.- inunl-T-0 is but a half r " nn> formed from the 

 ordinal.--- U annexing the word $a(b (half) ; thus : 



3weiteKiUvt tin* si-cond half, t.<'., one wholo and a half -, Ij. 



tin- third half, ('.<., two wholes and a half ; '2\. 

 -. tho fourth half, i.e., throe wholes and a half ; 34, etc. 



50. ITERATIVE NUMERALS. 



Tho iteratives, which answer to tho question, " How often, or 

 how many times P " are formed from cardinal and from indefi- 

 nite numerals, by tho addition of the word nul (time) ; thus : 



Gin in .1 1, one time ; once. 

 reimal, three times. 



3eteS m a I, each time, 

 ffiielmal, many times, etc. 



lifal is sometimes separated from the numerals, and is then 

 regularly declined as a neuter noun. 



51. DISTINCTIVES. 



(1.) Tho name distinctives has been applied to a class of 

 ordinal adverbs which answer to the question, " In what place 

 in tho series ? " and which are formed by affixing tnt to the 

 ordinal numbers ; thus : 



inert en 8, fourthly, 

 gunften*, fifthly. 



sixthly, etc. 



5r(l e n , first or in the first place. 

 ,-hveit e n ?, secondly. 

 Srittcn?, thirdly. 



(2.) Under tho name distinctivos may also be set down a 

 class of numeral nouns, formed from tho cardinals by tho addi- 

 tion of the suffixes er, in, and ling, which are used to designate 

 " one arrived at, belonging to, or valued at a certain number ; " 

 thus : 

 ccibjtger (sixtier), a sexagenarian, or one of a company of 



sixty. 

 5>reier (one of three), a threepenny piece, a coin of 3 pfennigs 



Prussian. 

 Si fee (eleven-er), wine of the year 1811. 



(two-ling), a twin, a twainer, ono of two. 



52.-PARTITIVES OE FBACTIONALS. 



Under this name (partitives) are embraced a class of neuter 

 nouns answering to the question, " What part ? " which are 

 formed by affixing to tho ordinals the suffix tcl (part) ; thus 



ri[ t c 1, a third. I @tetcnte(, a seventh. 



SSiertcl, a fourth. 2tcf)tcl, an eighth, etc. 



Xel is simply a contracted form of the word f>et(, a part. 

 From 20 upwards noto that fie I (instead of tef) is added; as, 

 jnwnjigflel, tho twentieth, etc. 



53. INDEFINITE NUMERALS. 



(1.) Tho indefinite numerals, which are, for the most part, 

 used and inflectc 1 as adjectives, are commonly divided into such 

 as serve to indicate Number, such as merely denote Quantity, 

 and such, finally, as are employed to express both. 



is also applied to what is tipiplt, arfUts, or gilly. 

 t Instead of jtocitefyalb, the word iu common use is iintertbalb the 

 part antert being from ter ant ere, the second. The word would be 

 outer (Mb but the final e is exchanged for a t, probably for the sake 

 of assimilating it iu /arm to the rest of the words of this claw. 



Those indefinite numerali whioh denote number only at* Uw 

 following . 



jetff each, every. 

 3<aii4fr. < ) old and ajrasoal fora* of 



Jetnxin *. { 



W4n$a. man$<. nun$rt, many a, many (in the plural). 



JJibrrtc . tevcral ; plural of mtjr. mart. 



(2.) Those whioh are employed to denote quantity only ar 



the following : 



fftnal, tome / whioh in indeclinable. 



(Man), the whole, as opposed to part; declined generally like an 

 adjecti vo ; indeclinable, however, when placed before neater 

 name* of place* and nut preceded by an article or pronou; 

 M i Oanj Drutf^Unk, all Germany; (with the article or pro- 

 noun preceding) to* ganp t rutf^laitt. the whole of Oennauy . 

 fein ganger iKei^thum, hu whole rich**. 



^alb, half, follow* the tame law in dfhmiqB M the word yn\ 

 above. 



(3.) ThoM denoting both number and quantity are the fol- 

 lowing .- 



'.nilcr, alle, a(((, all applied to quantity, in the iringnlar only ; 

 as: ?Wer {Rri^t^um, all riches; oKe Wiu^t, all power; db< 

 (Melt, all gold ; tiefet alle (not aOt) tU u$ ytxn. all thi wilJ 

 I give ; roeldjrt aHe, all which. Placed before a pronoon, 

 which is followed by a noon, tho terminations of declenrion 

 are often omitted ; as, all (for alltt) t im* (Skit, all toil money; 

 att (for afler) ttefer 2Ptin, all this wine. In the neater of the 

 singular, it often denotes an indefinite number or amount ; 

 as, ailtt, a retfen ! ann, reifrt, all that can travel, do travel ; 

 er utcint aUet ju rciiTen. he seems to know everything. 1 

 plural, the word denotes number; aa, alle OTenfyen. all men; 

 an alien Ctten, in all places ; it is never used in the tense of 

 whole, which is expressed by gonj ; as, trr qanje f-. 

 wholo day; nor is it followed, as in English, by the definite 

 article; as, atleg Welt (not adet ta (Mtltl, all the money. 

 Finally, the phrases "all of us," "all of you," etc., are in 

 German, icir alle, we all, etc. The plural is used like our 

 word every ; as, \fy getye alle Sage, I go every day. 



Cinijcr, einige, eintgel, some, few; applied to number in the plural 

 only. 



(5t(i<$er. -e, -tt, some ; synonymous with ttniger. 



-Rein, feme, fein, no, none ; declined like tin, erne, ein. one ; as, fein 

 il<aier. no father; feme 1'hitter, no mother; fern -lint, no child. 

 When employed as a noun, it takes the old form of deoloa- 

 sion ; as, fetner cer alien i'erebrer, none of the ancient worship- 

 pers. 



ilmmtltdjer, -e, -el, entire; ) . . _, .. 



efammter, -e, -e, whole ; \ WW dechned lflte "djeobvea. 



'I'tel. much (in the plural, many), when it expresses quantity or 

 number, taken collectively, and is not preceded by an arti- 

 cle or a pronoun, is not declined ; as, wel <Bdfe. much gold ; 

 but ra ciele clt, the quantity of gold. When applied to a 

 number, as individuals, it is regularly declined ; as, wdtr. 

 stele, tielrt, etc. ; thus, tiele SWanner fint triy. many men are 

 indolent; er tyit fe^r welt Sreuntt, iinb i^ >abe au* ieU 

 he has a great many friends, and I have also a great 

 many. 



SDenig, little (in tho plural, few), follows the same rules of inflec- 

 tion as vie! above. 



flftebr, more, \ are indeclinable ; for tho plural of mebr, however, 

 SDenigcr, less, j see above. 



Qenug, cnouyh, sufficient never declined; Octo 90*3. money 



enough. 

 9lid)t, nothing. 



Sauter, merely, only ^nover declined; tauter Jhiffrr. copper only, er 

 nothing but copper. 



54. PEONOUNS. 



Jn German, as in other languages, will be found a number of 

 those words which, for the sake of convenience, are employed as 

 the direct representatives of nouns. Those are the pronoun*. 

 They are divided, according to the particular office* which 

 they perform, into six different classes, via. : Personal, Pos- 

 sessive, Demonstrative, Determinative, Relative, and 

 I gative- 



