LESSONS IN LATIN. 



23 



And bunco is explained the genitive used with verbs which 

 mollify t<> accuse, acquit, condemn. With such verbs, the 

 ll in tlio I the person accused or acquitted 



is in tho accusative ; as- 



No quit ante ACTARVX IIKUUX accusarotur. 

 > one to acciued of fonntr deed*. 



i CMSI-M it may bo supposed that cauuft, on account of, was 

 originally employed, and is now understood, aa the gram- 

 ; phrase is ; if so, then this is an example of elliptical 

 Many peculiarities in all languages have arisen 



ilipsis, or the omission of a word or words. 

 Tho penalty to which a convicted person was condemned 

 may bo in the genitive or in the ablative ; for example 



1. Genitivi. Damnavit cos CAPITIS, he condemned them to death, 



2. Ablative. Damuavit hostcm TE&iii PARTS agri, he condemned the 

 nmy (to lose) (he third part, etc. 



As the penalty, so tho price is put in the genitive or the abla- 

 tive. If the exact sum paid for an object is stated, it must be 

 in the ablative case. If any indefinite word is employed, that 

 word is put in the genitive ; as 



QUANTI emisti librum ? CENTUM ASSIBUS. 



.For how much did you buy the boo/;/ a hundred asses. 



In a similar manner tho genitive is used after verba which 

 denote to value, esteem, or regard ; as 



Divitiao a sapient! viro MINIMI putantur. 

 Riches are little thought of by a wise nan. 



This genitive bears tho namo of the genitive of price. In 

 agreement with it stand several neuter adjectives, used sub- 

 stantively, in the genitive case : for example, magni, at a 

 great price, or greatly; pluris, more, for more; maximi, at a 

 i-eat price, very dear; so plurimi; also parvi, minoris, 

 minimi; quanti ? how 'much? tanti, so much; tanti quanti, so 

 much as; tantidem, for the same sum; quantivis, for whatever 

 you please; nihili, of no value; flocci (floccus, a lock of wool), as 

 in flocci facere, not to care a straw for; nauci (naucum, a trijle), 

 as in homo non nauci, a worthless fellow ; pili (pilus, a hair), as 

 in non facit pili cohortem, he does not value the cohort a bit; 

 pensi (pensum, a task), as in pensi habere, to care for ; assis 

 (as, a small Roman coin), as in non assis facere, not to care a 

 farthing for. 



Nearly connected with the genitive of price 13 the use of the 

 genitive with interest and rcfert ; as 



Hoc vehementer INTEREST EEIPUBLICJE. 

 This greatly concerns the Commonwealth. 



Eefert is made up of tho ablative re and fert ; hence arises the 

 genitive ; for example, illorum re fert, it bears on the concern of 

 them that is, it concerns them. And so we are enabled to 

 explain the fact that the possessive pronouns (mea, tua, sua, 

 nostra) are with refert employed in the ablative case ; thus, re 

 mea. fort ; re tua fert, etc. These piirases, however, appear with- 

 out tho re, or rather, the re appears as a part of the verb. 

 Taking the forms as they actually appear for example, refert 

 nostra, refort vestra, etc. wo must construe the possessives as 

 if they were personal pronouns ; accordingly, refert mea must 

 be rendered it concerns me. 



KEY TO EXEECISES IN LESSONS IN LATIN. LI. 



EXERCISE 182. LATIN-ENGLISH. 



1. No evil is more oppressive and troublesome than envy. 2. "What 

 embossed plate, what coverlets, what paintings do you think there are 

 in his house ? 3. As the mind is more noble than the body, so 

 virtue is preferable to strength and external beauty. 4. How pre- 

 ferable is an honourable death to a base life ! 5. How few philosophers 

 ire with you ! 6. The tribunes put forward a law (to the effect) that 

 one of the two consuls should be chosen from the people. 7. Of 

 their benefits some ore of that kind that they extend to all the citizens, 

 some that they affect individuals. 8. You have an abundance of 

 wealth. 9. Terror and fraud abound. 10. You have preserved me 

 rather from love than honour. 11. He pretended to be in haste on 

 account of business. 12. All of them received a military honour on 

 account of their valour. 13. That one day on which I returned to 

 my native laud was to me as good as an immortality. 



EXERCISE 183. ENGLISH-LATIN. 



1. Regis tnulier pulchra est. 2. Regis mulier est pulchrior qnam 

 ducis mulier. 3. Uter est sapientior ? 4. Sapientissimus mortalium 



est SooraUs. 5. Quid panis M t tlbi ? 6. Eo dementi* est progressus 

 ut omnes earn predicant itultum. 7. Belli craft* venmnwt miliUc. 



8. Ducia bonori premium cuique militum est datum. 9. Librorum 

 abuudo mihi eat. 10. Hie unua liber librorum omnium mibi est 

 Ins tar. 



ExKBCiBK 184. LATIN-ENOLIBH. 



1. He had one chaplet on hia bead, another round bia neck. 2. 

 Craaaua smiled once in bia life. 3. Pauaanias took many Persian 

 noblemen, and among them aome relations of the king's. 4. Among 

 the good qualitiea of Epaminondaa it ia related that be daaoed 

 well. 5. He upoko till night, and even during the night, lights being 

 brought. 6. I put off aerioua things till to-morrow. 7. The number 

 of the enemy increases every day. 8. The whole of Gaul is divided 

 into three ports. 9. It ia in my mind. 10. It occurs to me. 11. He 

 kept the legions in arms. 12. Wisdom ia often under a mean coat. 

 13. The image of myself, greater than the reality, will go down to 

 the shades. 14. He enslaved the captives. 15. They went uadet 

 the walls. 16. He was taught tho art of war under bis instructor, 

 Hannibal. 17. They quitted the city at the coming of the Romans. 

 18. At these words they fell at the feet of Harcellus. 19. Cranes 

 sleep with their bead under their wing. 20. The consul, dashing bis 

 spurs into his horse, rides up to the coh >rts under the enemy's walls. 

 21. There shone an image of the sun above the tent of Darius. 22. 

 They burned the houses and themselves in them. 23. He reposed on 

 the greensward. 24. The Tiber overflowed its banks. 25. They spoke 

 of his vileness during supper. 26. No one of those who bad been sent 

 on such a business returned. 27. I will write to you on that matter. 

 28. It moves before and behind. 29. Behind me was yEgina ; before, 

 Megara. 30. He ordered him to enter before, not behind. 31. If 

 fortune wills it, you who are now a rhetorician, will become a consul. 

 32. The enemies sent ambassadors to Caesar concerning peace. 33. 

 Bobbers rise by uight in order to cut throats. 31. He moves the 

 camp at the fourth watch. 35. Darius led an army from Asia into 

 Europe. 36. He snatched the colony out of the enemy's hands. 37. 

 While corn was so scarce and dear, of a sudden there came so great a 

 cheapness of provisions. 38. I waited from day to day. 39. Man 

 consists of a mind, and of a perishable and infirm body. 40. Our 

 ancestors left to us the republic very much enlarged, it being very 

 small in their time. 41. Bad men estimate friendships and enmities 

 not from their intrinsic worth, but their advantage. 42. Hercules 

 drove a herd before him. 43. I cannot see the sun on account of the 

 multitude of weapons. 44. Caesar led out his forces in front of the 

 camp. 45. This is not only not for me, but rather against me. 40. 

 Cato with me stands in the place of many thousands. 47. To him be 

 manifested gratitude in acknowledgment of bis deserts. 48. The 

 Helvetii, considering their numbers and their warlike glory, thought 

 tlieir territories confined. 49. They would have acted more conve- 

 niently if those things which they lay before you respecting me, they 

 had rather said before me while I was present. 50. He orders the 

 others, together with their guards, to go into the temple of Concord. 

 51. He himself wrote with great care and diligence. 52. He hare 

 carried on many things without Alcibiades. 53. Pompey obtained the 

 highest houours without any ancestral advantages. 54. The watei 

 in the stream had swollen as high as the breast. 55. The ancients, 

 so far as words are concerned, discoursed concerning the republic. 

 56. What spot over the whole sea has during these years had so strong 

 a guard ? 57. Wo know that this man's thefts and crimes have been 

 very great and very disgraceful, not only in Sicily, but in Achaia, Asia 

 Cilicia, Painphylia in a word, before the eyes of the whole world. 

 58. Hero are the remaining legions from Italy. 59. The entire book 

 on the existence of the gods has been read by me. 60. A bloody 

 battle was fought at Zama. 61. From the battle a messenger came 

 to thee. G2. The severities of the nobles against the people, and of 

 the people against the nobles, were shocking. 63. Examine that 

 book which treats of the mind. 61. The first oration delivered by 

 Cicero against Catiline is beautiful and effective. 



EXERCISE 185. ENGLISH-LATIN. 



1. Plures horos locutus est Caesar. 2. Totum diem sol lucet. 3. 

 In Anglia est. 4. In Angliam it. 5. Flagitia tua coram omnibus 

 sunt populis. 6. Ex Italia venerunt bra legioues. 7. Prceh'um ad 

 urbem commissum sanguinem erat. 8. Librum de legibus scripsi. 



9. De republica librum scripsit Cicero. 10 Apud Aristotelem vera 

 lego multa. 11. Bus rcdeundi nulla nobis est spe*. 12. Heri ad 

 decimam horam scripsi. 13. Maximus est incus erga to amor. 14. 

 Apud Homerum sunt nonnnlla qua) culptB sunt obnoxin (repr*hn- 

 sion digna aunt). 15. Ad fontem constitit dux. 16. Prope muram 

 castra ponet Caesar. 17. Penes males est civitas. 18. Inter sta- 

 bttlum et domum fons est. 19. Canis est extra stabulum. 20. Ad- 

 versum murum milites impetum facient. 21. Apud to ero circitcr 

 meridiem. 22. Per me tibi licet ire. 23. In capite habeo coronam. 

 2-1. Quotidie sapieutior meliorque fis. 25. Sub doctore meo multa 

 didici. 26. Subter terrain euut aniuiac. 27. In coelum ascendunt 

 auimtc. 28. De nequitia ejus colloquitur civitas. 29. Literas ad te 

 mittarn. 30. Ad me misit mater unncium. 31. Inter bos libroa 

 nullus est tibi destinatns. 32. Pecus pros so agit pastor. 33. HSM 

 statua est de ere, ilia de argeuto. 



