MINERALOGY. 



175 



Qt wrfli l ler$tandi itmlf, *.., it is understood, etc. 



<S fmt mi', it ask ittelj, .i*ked, it is the question. 



Qt giebt 1'fni'^fii, it yicnn or yield* men, i.e., there are men. 



3lb, 



3luf. 

 flu*, 



J 80. COMPOUND VEKUS. 



(1.) Various derivative verbs in German are produced by the 

 union < nls with prefixes. Under the name of pre- 



fixes arc- In-f comprehended all thoi words (as adverbs 



ami propositions) which are combined with other words to vary 

 aion. They are, also, of ton called par- 

 simple words with which they are united are gene- 

 < if ten nouns and adjectives are, by prefixes, 

 t.> verbs. Most of the prefixes are separable, that 

 is, may stand apart from the radicals; some, however, are found 

 to bo inseparable; some are either separable or inseparable, 

 according to circumstances. 



The prefixes are themselves, also, either simple or com- 

 pound ; as, b e v fommcn, to come here or hither; b.cruberfcmmen, 

 to come over here, or hither. In most instances the prefixes 

 may be translated severally as above ; but often they are found 

 to be merely intensive or euphonic. This is, likewise, often the 

 case in English ; thus, ex (which, literally, signifies out or out 

 of) has, in some words, the signification very, exceedingly, or the 

 like ; as, exasperate, to make very angry ; so o, in the word 

 ameliorate, is merely euphonic the derivative form (ameliorate) 

 meaning nothing more than the simple one, meliorate. 



90. SIMPLE PREFIXES SEPARABLE. 



3lbfefccn, to set or put down ; 



to depose. 



3Infano.cn, to catch at, i.e., to 

 begin. 



n, to go up ; to rise. 



, to take out ; to 

 except. 



!0ciftc^cn, to stand by, assist. 

 !iiMci&en, to remain there, or 



at ; to stay. 

 Darrcicbcn, to reach there, i.e., 



to offer. 



(Sinfaufen. to buy in ; to pur- 

 chase. 



Crmpcrfycbcn, to lift up. 

 onward, away, forward ; Sortfabren, to drive away ; to 



continue. 

 Cijcnbaltcn, to hold against ; 



to compare. 



cimfef>rcn, to turn home- 

 wards ; to return. 

 crbringcn, to bring hither, or 



along. 

 $ingeb.cu, to go thither, or 



away. 

 SWitncfymen, to take with, or 



along. 

 Slacbfofgen, to follow after ; to 



succeed. 



down, downwards, under ; Sftietcrrcipcn, to pull down, 

 on, over, on account of ; Obliegen, to lie on, i.e., to apply 

 one's self to; to be incum- 

 bent on. 

 for, before ; $cra.eb,en, to go before ; to 



precede. 



away, off ; SBeqbleiben, to stay away, 



to, towards ; 3ugebcn, to give to ; to grant. 



91. COMPOUND PREFIXES SEPARABLE. 



(Jin, 



Grmprr, 

 Sort, 



egtn, 



SDJit, 



from, off, down ; 



to, at, in, on, towards 



on, upon, up ; 

 out, out of, from ; 



by, near, with ; 

 there, at ; 



there, at ; 



in, into ; 



up, upward, on high ; 



towards, against ; 

 home, at home ; 

 hither, here ; 

 thither, there, away 

 with ; 

 after ; 



Cb, 



2Beg, 

 3u, 



flnJjeim (an+b.cim, to-home) ; 



JDabtt (ka-f-bri, there-by); 



J)ab,in (ta-fbin, there-thither) ; 



aran (tar+an, there-to) ; 



Darem (tat+cin, tnere-in) ; 

 I>own ^ba-f von, there-from) ; 



JlnfjrimfltUcn, to put home to, 



i.e.. to refer to. 

 5)abciflcbcn, to stand close by. 

 Dabtneiltn, to hasten away. 

 35aranfc&en, to put or lay 



thereto, i.e., to risk, to 



stake. 

 Darfinrrttn, to talk there-in, 



i.e., to interrupt. 

 35avonlaufcn. to run off, or 



away 



X>aju (ta-r-)u, thoro-to) ; 

 l!anwf4rn(ta-f ^itii'.ten, thcro-be- 



ISinbtr (rin-t-b.cr. into-hither) ; 

 (eiu+a.<jcn, upart-to- 



ward*) ; 

 (cm-f-jioci, apart-two) ; 



n, to do (in addition) 

 thereto ; to add. 



, to iipeak there 



fccrab (btr-f ab, lather-down) ; 



(btr-fau, hither-out) ; 

 i, hithor-along) ; 



Ajetbti 



trubtr 

 Return 



(^r-t-nirtcr, hither-down) ; 

 (bcr-r-ubtr, hither-over) ; 

 ((;cr+um, hither-around) ; 



fceruntec (fyer+unter, hither-under) ; 



Jjercet (Ijcr+cer, hither-forward) ; 



Jjinauf (^in-fauf, hither-on or 



JjinauS (f>in+au, thither-out) ; 



J&incin (bin+ein, thither-into) ; 



fcintan (liint(en)-fan, behind-to) ; 



Oinuber (bin+ubcr, thither-over) ; 



>}inunter (ijin-f unter, thither-under) ; 



frimueg (bin+toeg, thither-away) ; 



Jjinju (l)in-r ju, thither-to wards) ; 



Ucbercin (uber-f-cin, over-into) ; 



hemidftt. 

 ftinbcriU^n. to draw along. 

 tint jc-jm-jclxn, to go towards ; 



to go to meet. 

 Gntpvnbn^tn, to break or 



bunt arander. 

 ^erabft^n, to pot dom. 



lower. 



^ttaufa^wn, to drive out. 

 nrbruftn, to call by or to- 



wards. 



^frnirttrbliifn, to look down. 

 $erubcrfcmmen, to come over. 

 Jfmnncjebfn, to give or hand 



around. 



^truntfrfabroi, to drive down. 

 , to step forward. 

 , to pull np. 



(um-f b,er, around-hither); 

 (um+bin,around-thither) 



(loor-f an, before-to) ; 

 (vcr+au, before-out) ; 



SGorbei (or+bei, before-by) ; 



Umficr 

 Um^in 



33oran 



(oor+Ber, befoi^hither) ; 

 aSoruber (vcr^ubcr, before-over) ; 



3iwct (ju+cor, before-to) ; 



3urucf ($u-|-rucf, back-to) ; 

 3ufatnmcn (ju+fammen, to-gether) ; 



&vnau<rcerfcn, to throw out. 



$ineingiejien, to pour into. 



4intanfc$cn, to put behind ; to 

 undervalue. 



Jpinubertragen, to carry over. 



&inunterfprtngen, to leap down. 



fcinnjegnebmtn, to take away. 



injuei(en, to hasten towards. 



Uebercinfoinmen, to come over 

 into, i.e., to agree. 



Ilmiierfcbauen, to gaze around. 



Umbinfijnnen, to be able there- 

 about ; to forbear. 



55cranfte(len, to place before. 



'-Kcrausfcbcn, to see or spy out 

 beforehand; to anticipate. 



2orbeiretten, to ride along be- 

 fore ; to ride past. 



SScrberfefyen, to foresee. 



iBoruberfab,ten. to drive 

 past in a coach. 



3ucrtbun, to do before 

 excel. 



Surucffetyrcn, to return. 



3ufammtnfe((n, to put 

 gether. 



to 



to- 



KEY TO EXERCISES IN LESSONS IN GERMAN. 

 EXERCISE 179 (Vol. III., page 378). 



1. rfl toevtc icb lefen, tann werte tcb. frbreiben. 2. 3cb fe^rte ton 

 meincr JReife erfl gcftern jurucf. 3. 3$ rocrte i^n aft nicrgen fcbtn. 4. 

 3cb ^abt erft tie J&alfte mctnec S9ucbcr crtyalten. 5. ttfl fcUtcn trtr eft- 

 metten 286fe ju tbun, unb tann ute* tbun. 6. 3cb n?crte njabrfc^cinltcb 

 nac^tlcn Stuping ctnige Xage auf ta 9anb gebcn. 7. Sint ic bin 

 , retc^enb mit ten Urfac^en fcincr augcnblicflic^cn Stbtetfe btfannt ? 8. ief- 

 3luftrag rourte punftltcb sen tiefem aWanne bcfcrgt 9. tefe arme Stau 

 funf linker ju wrfcrgcn. 10. 3cb wn'e^e ibn juiwilcii mit nnem 

 11. 9tacbfle iDial nxrte ic^ sorfic^tigtr fcin. 



MINERALOGY. III. 



CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (coitcludtd). 



IK our last lesson on this subject we explained to the reader 

 that crystals are divided into six classes or systems by the 

 arrangement of their axes of symmetry, and gave some account 

 of the different forms which are classified under the Monometric, 

 Regular, Tessular, or Cubic system. We now proceed to a con- 

 sideration of the various forms of crystals that are included in 

 one or other of the remaining five systems. 



2. The Dimetric, Right Square; Prismatic, or Pyramidal 

 System has also three axes, all at right angles to each other, 

 but one axis is longer than the other two. This will be aeen 



