

LESSONS IN GERMAN. 



He, 



JTcr, 



3d; n>eij, 

 lir fajt, 

 <ir if) orm, 



ter mir ten 83rUf 

 who to me the 1 

 teji'cn } ran 

 itH' id; tbn gefeb,en 

 taji ct (I iiu^t tljuu 

 u>cil cr fc^t trage 



Iruujltt. 

 if. 

 b,ab<- 

 f .11111. 

 ill. 



(6.) Tho subordinate sentence is unually oonnocto'i with the 



.\1 ono by moans of some conjunctive word. The con- 



: <1 so employed is either a relative pronoun, a rola- 



. ivri>, or some conjunction proper, expressing cause, 



condition, purpose, limitation, or the like. See the examples 



under the preceding paragraph. 



(T.) Tho conjunctions employed in connecting principal with 

 subordinate sentences 



MH. 



3)il. 



Da. 



Dafern. 



Damit. 



Dap. 



Dieweil. 



Gb,e. 



3c. 



3e nad;tem. 



3ntem. 



Slattern. 



9iun. 



Ob. 



Dbgleid;. 



Dbfd;on. 

 Cbtvi'b.1. 



SBenn gfeid;. 

 2Benn frfjen. 

 SBemi aud;. 

 28ie. 



2Bie aud;. 

 2Bten>ob,l. 

 2Bo. 

 SBofern. 



Scittem. 



llmjcacbjet. 



aB4b,nt. 



SBeil. 



2Bcnn. 



SBtnn nid;t. 

 These all remove the copula to the end of the sentence. 



is sometimes omitted ; in which cose the copula stands, 

 not at the end, but just as in a principal sentence ; thus, er fagt, 

 r fonr.c fdjrcibcn. 



u n?cnn is left out, the subject and copula stand as in a 

 question ; thus, tocnn id? el gefd;rieben b,attc, ic., or (without luenn) 

 tyStte id; tt gefd;rieben, fo rourte id; tt 3lmen gefagt fyaben. 



(8.) The following are the conjunctive adverbs, which are 

 used to connect subordinate sentences with principal ones, after 

 the manner of real conjunctions : 



ger. 



Setocb. 



3nglcid;cn. 

 3n fo fern. 

 3n fo meit (fo 



lueit). 

 Aaum. 



3iid;t alleiii. 

 9lid;t nut. 

 9Jiobt Hep. 



9<lod;. 



ItbrijcnJ. 

 libertie*. 



3utcm. 



These all reverse the order of subject and copula, when they 

 stand lefore the subject ; when, however, they como after the 

 copula, the natural order of the sentence obtains. 



(9.) SUlciit, fccitn, fontcrn, afcfr, tint, and otcr always stand at the 

 head of a sentence without influencing the order of the other 

 words. SftAmlid; may also occupy the first place without changing 

 the position of the other words. 



(10.) Where a mood-auxiliary, or any such verb as takes the 

 infinitive without }u, occurs together with another infinitive, the 

 copula stands before the two infinitives ; thus, n>cnn id; t ^iltte 

 t^im muffen, K., not wenn id; ttyun muffen f|Ae. 



161. IDIOMATIC PHRASES. 



Thoro are in German, as in other languages, numerous idiom- 

 atic phrases. Many of these cannot bo rendered literally into 

 English without a great sacrifice both of sense and sound. Still, 

 their meaning and application must be familiar to the student. 

 We give below, therefore, a somewhat extended list ; adding to 

 each either some equivalent phrase in our own language, or, 

 where it will bear it, a regular translation. In every case, how- 

 ever, it will be highly advantageous to the student to put the 

 phrase first in a perfectly literal dress, and then deduce from it, 

 if possible, the thought which it is employed to convey. This 

 is often a very pleasant as weii as profitable process. 



5Hd;tcn Sic f nid;t fo gcring. Do not think so light of it. 



Sin to: aarfjc ift ni.^tS auJjufcfctn. There is no fault to bo found 



with it. 



iBtt ttr eo4< ift nn *cr. 



Tarauf it! tl tbtn anqfUo.1. 



Dal fltyiff (04 we '.Inifr. 



Dal vcrfUfet fu$ von fclbjl, or Xa 



wifhbt fid;. 



T.i iUud; la fit fid; Icfcn. 

 2)al lapl fid; ffbut. 

 Dal b,at (cine 'Jtcl. 

 Dal Upt fid; ntd;t blafrn. 



Dal ^ab( id; mir bait qrtaAt. 

 Dal wirt (in (intc nut 



nc^mcii. 

 Don ifl nid;t ju Ijdfcn. 



DK 9lam( roilt mir nid;t bnfaUtn. 

 lie aar( flanteii mir ;u ^er.)t. 

 lie (Vricd;(n ^abcn cine Sd;ladjt 



geliefert. 



Die genfler ge^en in ten ft)arten. 

 Die aCaare finiet teiaen '.'Ibjanj. 



Sluf'S llnjcreiffc. 



Set ftf finftcrcr 9Jad;t. 



Upon an uncertainty, i.e., at a 



venture. 

 At the dead of the night. 



Die SBaare fintet ft.irf:n 

 Diefel U3ud; ift gut afegegangen. 



Cite mit SBeile. 



Gin (frj.2d;urfe. 



(Sin ttcrne^mer QJiann. 



Cinem $ferte tie pcren gebtn. 



Ginem auf ten I'cib ijchen. 



Cmcm an tie -$aiic geben. 



Ginen ^eraufcern. 



Ginen jam 9tarren $aben, or jum 



SBeften ^aben. 

 Ginen anfabrcn. 

 Ginen an feinem eburtjtage an> 



binten. 



Ginen aufjie^en. [fommen. 



Gntlid; iii fte unter tie aube ot> 

 Gr ift nerf; cinmat fo groji. 

 Gr b,at fein fficrmogen turd>gebrad;t. 

 Gr pvaljlt gcrn, or Gr fd;ncicet gern 



auf. 



Gr list e fid; febr angetegen fein. 

 Gr fafi, mid; ftarr an. 

 Gr fteflt fid; unroiffenb an. 

 6r fyat fid; Io5.jcmad;t. 

 Gr bait ubel ^>au<, or Gr ift ein 



fd;Ied;ter SBirtb,. 

 Gr mupte fd;moren 

 Gr eip toeter au nod; ein. 

 Gr ried;t ten iBraten. 

 Gr tat fid; tavon gemadit. 

 Gr l,1[lt vicl tarouf geben. 

 Gr bat mir stcl Slbbrud; getban. 

 Gr ^at fid; mit feinen ^Uubigern 



abgefunten. 



Gr bat e* fo in ter flrt. 

 Gr bat entlid; feine QBaare an ten 



i'Jann gcbradjt. 

 Gr mad;t tt gar ju bunt. 

 Gr gcbt nur taraiif aul. 

 Gr nntct fid; immer ju renter 3(it 



ein. 



Grtnnern 2ie mid) taran. 

 Gl mirb nid)t angeben. 

 G^ fann nirt't fd;aten. 

 Gl ift njcbl vctnxtbrt. 

 G* fiebt fcbr tarna* aul. 

 Gl ifl Scbafce, tap fie nid;t fommen 



(aim. 



GJ gcbt mir nid;tl ab. 

 Gl gebt bunt ;u. 

 Gl reipt in ten i'eutcl. 

 QJelb lapt nid;t f*on auf run. 



3d; acbte el nid;t. 



HMN fa > but (i*., dififla%) 

 in tb nutter. 



Thi* WM the very kin. 



The TMiel rod* at anchor. 



That U * matter of course, ije. t 

 obrioiu. 



The book U readable. 



That looke weU ; that will do. 



That u onbaoominr ; nnwm!r. 



That cannot be done in a twink- 

 ling. 



I thought to aoon enough. 



That will end badly. 



There in no remedy for it. 

 To get the worse of it. 

 The name does not occur to me. 

 My hair stood on end. 

 The Greeks hare given battle, 

 [den. 



The windows look into the gar- 

 There is no demand for the 



article. 



The article finds a ready market. 

 This book has gone off (\.e. t 



fold) well. 



Slow and sure ; hasten slowly. 

 An arrant knave. 

 A man of rank ; a leading man. 

 To clap spurs to a horse. 

 To attack or assault one. 

 To go to one's aid. 

 To challenge or call out one. 

 To make a laughing-stock of 



one. 



To address one harshly. 

 To make a present to one on 



his birthday. 

 To quiz one. 



She has got married at last. 

 He is as tall again. 

 He has run through his fortune. 

 He is fond of talking big. 



[concern. 



He makes it his business, or 

 He stared me in the face. 

 He affects ignorance. 

 He has got off. 

 He is a poor manager. 



Ho was put to his oath. 



He is sadly put to it. 



He smells the rat. 



He ran away. 



He spends a great deal of money. 



He has done me much damage* 



He has come to terms with hia 



creditors. 

 It is his way. 

 He has found a market at last. 



He is too bad ; he goes too far. 



He aims at nothing else. 



He is always there at the pro- 

 per time. 



Put me in mind of it. 



It will not do. 



It will not be amiss. 



It is under lock and key. 



It looks very much like it. 



It is a pity that sho cannot 

 come. 



I want for nothing. 



These are strange goings-on. 



It costs a great deal of money. 



Yellow does not look well upon 

 green. 



I make nothing of it. 



