10 OX THE RELATION OF 



cerned with dead, indifferent matter, obviously indispen- 

 sable for the sake of its practical utility, but apparently 

 without any immediate bearing on the cultivation of the 

 intellect. 



It has been shown, then, that the sciences have 

 branched out into countless ramifications, that there has 

 grown up between different groups of them a real and 

 deeply-felt opposition, that finally no single intellect can 

 embrace the whole range, or even a considerable por- 

 tion of it. Is it still reasonable to keep them together 

 in one place of education? Is the union of the four 

 Faculties to form one University a mere relic of the 

 Middle Ages ? Many valid arguments have been adduced 

 for separating them. Why not dismiss the medical 

 faculty to the hospitals of our great towns, the scientific 

 men to the Polytechnic Schools, and form special semin- 

 aries for the theologians and jurists? Long may the 

 German universities be preserved from such a fate ! 

 Then, indeed, would the connection between the dif- 

 ferent sciences be finally broken. How essential that 

 connection is, not only from an university point of view, 

 as tending to keep alive the intellectual energy of the 

 country, but also on material grounds, to secure the 

 successful application of that energy, will be evident 

 from a few considerations. 



First, then, I would say that union of the different 

 Faculties is necessary to maintain a healthy equilibrium 

 among the intellectual energies of students. Each study 

 tries certain of our intellectual faculties more than the 

 rest, and strengthens them accordingly by constant exer- 

 cise. But any sort of one-sided development is attended 

 with danger ; it disqualifies us for using those faculties 

 that are less exercised, and so renders us less capable of 

 a general view ; above all it leads us to overvalue our- 

 selves. Anyone who has found himself much more sue- 



