DISEASES AND PESTS OF FOWLS 



vent by dirt accumulated on the outside. 

 Want of exercise and lack of green food are 

 held to be contributing causes. 



Treatment. If constipation is due to dirt 

 on the outside, cleanse vent by swabbing 

 with warm water. When stoppage is in- 

 side and can be felt through the vent 

 syringe with sweet oil. In other cases, give 

 a purgative such as castor oil or Epsom 

 salts. If worms are suspected as the cause, 

 give santonin (see page 9), followed by a 

 teaspoonful of castor oil. 



CRAMP 



Must not be confused 'with more serious complaints 



Symptoms. Difficulty in standing and 

 lameness, due to inflammation of muscles 

 and joints. 



Cause. Damp and cold. 



Treatment. Put legs of bird in warm 

 water; rub joints with embrocation and put 

 in dry quarters. 



NOTE In cases of rheumatism, tick fever, 



45 



