PHANEROGAMS 



I. ANGIOSPERMS 

 VEGETATIVE ORGANS. (A) DICOTYLEDONS 



HERBACEOUS TYPE 

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Observations with the Naked Eye 



I. SOME seeds of the Sunflower should be germinated in a 

 pan, and the young seedlings, after forming a few leaves, 

 should be bedded out, and allowed to grow for about three 

 months : examine a well-grown specimen of that age, as a 

 whole. The main axis or stem is stout, herbaceous, and erect : 

 it often develops to a considerable length without branching : 

 it is cylindrical, slightly striated below, while the higher parts 

 of it, where the lateral branches are developed, are polygonal. 

 Its surface is studded by stiff hairs, which are especially obvious 

 on the lower portions of the internodes. 



The stem bears laterally numerous leaves, which are simple, 

 petiolate, cordate-acuminate, the margin slightly serrate, vena- 

 tion palmate-reticulate, the surface hirsute. The arrangement 

 of the leaves at the lower part of the plant (and including the 

 cotyledons, which wither at an early stage) is opposite, or in 

 whorls of three ; higher up, this arrangement merges gradually 

 into the alternate. 



The stem is terminated by a bud, which may consist only of 

 closely aggregated foliage leaves, or it may inclose the repro- 



