viii CONTENTS 



PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS FOR THE STUDY OF TYPES 

 PHANEROGAMS. 



I. ANGIOSPERMS. 



t VEGETATIVE ORGANS. 



PAGE 



A. DICOTYLEDONS 34 



STEM HERBACEOUS TYPE. 



Mature 35 



Young 45 



Apical Bud 47 



ARBOREOUS TYPE 52 



AQUATIC TYPE 67 



Sieve Tubes 70 



Laticiferous Tissues 73 



LEAF Bifacial Type. 



Petiole 76 



Lamina 77 



LEAF-SCARS, AND FALL OF LEAF 83 



ROOT Herbaceous Type 85 



Ligneous Type 88 



Apex 91 



B.-MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



STEM HERBACEOUS TYPE 95 



ARBOREOUS TYPE 98 



LEAF Bifacial Type 100 



ROOT 104 



APEX 105 



t REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. 



OBSERVATIONS WITH THE NAKED EYE 108 



DEVELOPMENT OF THE FLOWER ... 113 



CALYX AND COROLLA 115 



