PRACTICAL BOTANY 



early, the Artichoke does not flower at all in this country : thus 

 the complications which attend the formation of flowers will be 

 avoided. 



Buds of the Common Lilac (Syringa vulgaris] also afford 

 good material : various other buds may be used, allowance 



y 



FIG. 4. Diagram illustrating the mode of origin of leaves (with alternate arrange- 

 ment) from the growing point of a Phanerogam. A, apex of the growing point. 

 B, c, u, various stages in the origin of a new leaf: the arabic numbers, and 

 shading, indicate how the individual layers of cells take part in the origin of the 



new leaf. It is clearly indicated in this diagram that no periclinal divisions 

 he cells of the dermatogen. (After Sachs.) 



appear in the 



being made for difference of detail owing to the various ar- 

 rangement of the leaves, &c. 



Cell-division. 



Cell-division as it takes places in the multiplication of cells 

 of an ordinary tissue may be observed in the young stems of 

 Sunflower or Elder. On a warm day, cut young shoots of 

 either of these plants, in which the internodes are between one 

 and two inches in length : fix them at once in alcohol for 



