14 1HE PHENOMENON OF 



as the yet undivided fulness and strength of the unde- 

 veloped existence, as superabundant wealth of energy, 

 striving to unfold itself. These two modes of considering 

 the question occur, for example, in application to the 

 earliest, youthful stages of the Human Race ; thus we find 

 on the one side the doctrine of the originally animal con- 

 dition of Man, according to which Man, scarcely distin- 

 guishable from apes, probably of black colour, perhaps 

 even sought after his nourishment on all fours or climbing, 

 devoid of art, language and thought ; then gradually dis- 

 covered speech through imitation of natural sounds, and 

 as it were accidentally; and was only led through external 

 necessity, not through internal impetus, through the com- 

 bat with external nature which his extraordinary defence- 

 lessness and helplessness brought upon him, to each 

 flight upward of life in art and civilization, upbuilding 

 all progress from without, not unfolding from within. 

 In opposition to this representation stands the doctrine 

 of the paradisaical condition of the first Man, who at his 

 first appearance stood face to face with obedient Nature, 

 as Lord, as complete Man and likeness of God, urged by 

 the fulness within to give outward shape in word and 

 work to his inborn divine ideas. When we acknowledge 

 both the internal and external, in their co-operation in 

 life, we shall easily be able to unite these two views, that 

 is if we disregard the exaggerations on the one side, and on 

 the other the mythical imagery (which represents the inner 

 potentiality as the external actuality.) The insufficiency 

 of the first view, which logically carried out entirely dis- 

 owns anything internal and essential in natural phe- 

 nomena, may be shown us, if, as was referred to above, 

 we do not find it in our own life, or are disinclined to 

 draw conclusions from that as to life outside us, by the 

 instinct of animals, in which is revealed so great an 

 abundance of gifts, not given from without, but un- 

 doubtedly inborn, as the gift of song, the impulses to art, 

 or to migration, &c. The phenomena of mental life in 

 animals, which we ascribe to Instinct, have been correctly 



