232 WILD WHITE CATTLE, 



of the different colour of the ears, which are black 

 instead of red are very unlike those at Chillingham.* 

 They are, in fact, "long-horns." Nor are they so 

 wild as the Northumberland herd. Mr. Storer has 

 suggested that this is probably owing to the circum- 

 stance that the park is bounded on one side by a 

 public road, from which it is only separated by a 

 paled fence, which is not the case at Chillingham, so 

 that they are at Chartley much more habituated to 

 the sight of. man. 



* CHILLINGHAM CASTLE, NORTHUMBERLAND, the 

 seat of the Earl of Tankerville, has been oftener 

 visited, and oftener written about, than any other 

 park containing wild cattle, and is, therefore, better 

 known to the reading public. Of the date of the 

 inclosure of this park (originally 1 500 acres ; now, 

 exclusive of woods, about 1 1 oo) no record has been 

 found ; but there is evidence of its existence in 1 292,t 

 and " a park with wild animals " is referred to in an 

 inquisition 42 Edward III., as "of no value beyond 

 the maintenance of the wild animals." The "great 

 wood" of Chillingham is referred to in a document of 

 I22O.J Mr. Darwin seems to have thought that this 

 referred to the park, since he regards the date above 

 mentioned as that of its inclosure. This, however, is 

 not proved by the document in question. At the 

 same time it is not at all unlikely that the inclosure 



* See Plot, "Nat. Hist. Staffordshire," 1686, pi. 5; and Shaw 

 "Hist, and Antiq. Stafford," 1798. 

 t See Tate's " History of Alnwick," vol. i. p. 94. 

 \ Hindmarsh, "Ann. Nat. Hist.," vol. ii. p. 274. 

 " Animals and Plants under Domestication," vol. i. p. 81. 



