PAPILIO. 31 



.500. Papilio philoxenus, Gray, Zool. Misc. 1831, p. 32 ; Moore, Cat. 



Lep. Mm. E. I. C. i, 1857, p. 96 ; Rothsch. Nov. Zool. ii, 1895, 



p. 264; Moore (Byasa), Lep. Ind. v, 1901-1903, p. 159, pi. 426, 



tigs. 1, la-la", larva & pupa, J 9 . 



Papilio polyeuctes, Doubledat/ in Gray's Zool. Misc. 1842, p. 74. 

 Papilio dasarada, Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C. i, 1857, p. 96 ; 



id. (Byasa) Lep. Ind. v, 1901-1903, p. 161, pi. 427, tigs. 1, la, 16, 



Pfipilio philoxenus ab. polyeuctes, Rothsch. Nov. Zool. ii, 1895, 



p. 265. 

 Papilio philoxenus ab. dasarada, Rothsch. Nov. Zool. ii, 1895, p. 266. 



Race larna. 



Papilio lauia, Oberthiir, Etudes d'Ent. ii, 1876, p. 15, pi. 3, fig. 1 J. 

 Papilio philoxenus lama, Rothsch. Nov. Zool. ii, 1895, p. 266. 



3 . Upperside velvety black. Fore wing with broad pale adner- 

 vular streaks that do not extend to the terminal margin and only 

 slightly into the cell. Hind wing : a very large white quadrate 

 spot in interspace 5 and usually a white spot in the interspaces 

 above or below or in both ; a series of postdiscal crimson or red 

 lunules in interspaces 2, 3 and 4, followed by similarly coloured 

 admarginal spots in interspaces 2 and 3 and at apex of tail, the 

 lunule in interspace 2 nearly always, and that in interspace 3 very 

 often, joined to the admarginal spots. Underside similar; ground- 

 colour more opaque, dull, not velvety; the adnervular streaks on 

 the fore wing very broad. Hind wing as on the upperside, but, 

 an additional elongate crimson spot near base of interspace 3 and 

 a broad irregular transverse crimson bar below it in interspaces 1 

 and 2 ; the other markings somewhat larger than on the upperside, 

 the white margins often tinged with red along their edges. 

 Antennas black, head and thorax anteriorly crimson ; rest of 

 thorax and abdomen black ; beneath : the palpi, thorax and abdomen 

 crimson, the abdomen with a line of black spots along each side. 

 $ similar ; ground-colour on both upper and undersides somewhat 

 duller, not velvety ; markings on the upperside much duller 

 crimson, often nearly white and much irro rated with black scales ; 

 the white quadrate spot in interspace 5 generally larger than in 

 the J , the white spots in the interspaces above and below it more 

 frequently present. 



Enep. d 2 126-157 mm. (4-96-6-2"). 



Hob. The Himalayas from Kashmir to Sikhim: Bhutan; Assam; 

 Upper Burma; Tenasserim, extending to the Malay Peninsula. 



A very variable form both in size and in the colour and dis- 

 position of the markings on the hind wing. 



Var. polyeuctes, Doubleday. The rf without any trace of a 

 white spot above or below the large quadrate white patch in 

 interspace 5, the postdiscal and terminal markings all crimson or 

 vermilion-red. 



Var. dasarada, Moore, typically differs from typical philoxenus 

 as follows : Larger, with broader tails to the hind wing. Upper- 

 side : the adnervular pale streaks on the fore wing very broad and 



