120 PAPILIONID^E. 



the anal spot. Antennae black ringed with grey ; cilia as in the 

 typical form, grey without any well-marked intersections of black. 

 Ocelli (on the wings) of a dark red widely encircled with black 

 and without white centres." (Austant.) 



Hob. Sikhim Mountains. 



Unknown to me. 



5G2. Parnassius epaphus, Oberthiir. 



Parnassius jacquemontii, Boisdwal, Spec. Gen. Lep. i, 1836, p. 400, 



$ only; Blanch. Jacq. Voy. 2nd., Ins. 1844, p. 1C, pi. 1, fig. 3 



nee tig. 4 ; Gray (nee Boisduval), Cat. Lep. Brit. Mus., Pap. 



1852, p. 75, pi. 1'2, tigs. 1 , 2, <J $ ; Elwes (nee Boisduval), P. Z. S. 



1886, p. 36, pi. 2, fig. 1, $ anal pouch. 

 Parnassius epaphus, Oberthiir, Etud. Ent. iv, 1879, p. 23 ; Ehoes, 



P. Z.S. 1882, p. 399; Oberthiir, op. cit. xiv, 1891, p. 12, pi. 1, 



figs. 4, 5, cf $ ; Moore, Lep. 2nd. v, 1901-1903, p. 109, pi. 407, 



figs.2,2a, rf$. 

 Parnassius epaphus, vat: cachemiriensis, Oberthiir, Etud. Ent. xiv, 



1891, p. 14, pi. 1, figs. 6, 7 <3 2 , 7 a $ anal pouch. 

 Parnassius nirius, Moore, Lep. 2nd. v, 1901-1903, p. 108, pi. 407, 



figs. 1,1 a, rf$. 



Race sikhimensis (PI. XV, fig. 100). 

 Parnassius epaphus, var. sikkimensis, Elwes, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 399, 



pi. 25, figs. 4, 5, rf ; Oberthiir, Etud. Ent. xiv, 1891, p. 13. 

 Parnassius sikkimensis, Moore, Lep. 2nd. v, 1901-1903, p. Ill, 



pi. 407, figs. 4, 4 , rf$. 



Superficially this form closely resembles P. jucquemonti, but 

 besides the structural differences of the anal pouch in the fertilized 

 5 (fig. 31 6), in markings it differs as follows : 



S Upperside, fere wing : the crimson black-encircled spots 

 reduced to a minute subcostal dot in the black mark beyond the 

 cell ; the subhyaliue terminal margin much narrower, with dentate 

 white spots in the interspaces along the actual margin ; cilia white, 

 markedly alternated with black at the apices of the veins. Hind 

 wing : the dusky black along the dorsal margin comparatively much 

 broader, its inner border more irregular, deeply bi-emarginate, the 

 crimson centre to the black mark above the tornal angle entirely 

 absent. In no specimens that I have seen are the crimson spots 

 centred with white. Underside : with the same glazed appearance as 

 in jacquemonti ; markings as on the upperside, but on the fore wing 

 the white dentate spots in the terminal row are larger, which give to 

 the wing the appearance of having a subterminal as well as apost- 

 discal transverse series of dusky-black lunules. On the hind wing 

 the row of basal and the obliquely-placed pre-tornal spots are as 

 in jacquemonti but of a duller shade, while as in that form all the 

 crimson spots are broadly centred with white. Antenna? differ 

 from those of jacquemonti as they are conspicuously ringed with 

 white. $ differs from the d" iu the dusky black markings on 

 the upperside that are broader, especially the postdiscal series on 

 the fore wing : this generally forms a diffuse band and so often 

 restricts the lunules of the white ground-colour beyond it, blending 



