PAENASSIUS. 129 



upperside. Hind wing : ground-colour white, the discal, costal, 

 and basal pink or crimson spots also apparent by transparency 

 only from the upperside ; a discal double ill-defined series of black 

 lunular markings, followed by a subterminal series of similar 

 markings like those on the upperside, but of a duller black and 

 less clearly defined. Antenna dull brownish black, with a more 

 or less copious covering of scattered white scales ; abdomen black, 

 clothed with somewhat sparse, long, fine white hairs. 



Exp. J $ 52-70 mm. (2-06-2-78"). 



Hob. The Himalayas from the Karakoram to Sikhim, at eleva- 

 tions of over 16,000 feet ; Tibet. 



568. Parnassins simo, Gray, Cat. Lep. Brit. Mm., Pap. 1852, p. 76, 

 pi. 12, figs. 3, 4, rf $ ; Elwes, P. Z. S. 1886, p. 35 ; Oberthiir, 

 Etudes Ent. xiv, 1891, p. 14, pi. 1, figs. 8, 9. 



Race moelleri. 

 Pamassius simo, race moelleri, nov. st. 



d . Upperside : dull white, the veins black. Fore wing at base 

 and along the costal margin lighfcly irrorated with black scales ; 

 a black medial transverse bar with even parallel sides across the 

 cell, and a broader black bar on the discocellulars, this latter with 

 a more or less outwardly curved exterior edge ; beyond this a 

 bisinuate discal and an outwardly curved postdiscal transverse 

 black band, both extended from the costa to vein 1 ; the discal 

 band generally more or less obsolescent and ill-defined below veins 

 3 or 4, but well marked between veins 1 and 2 ; the outer edge of 

 the postdiscal band with a tendency to be very narrowly continued 

 outwards along the veins ; terminal margin dusky subhyaline 

 black, bounded by an anticiliary jet-black slender line : cilia dusky 

 black. Hind wing : base and dorsum broadly and heavily shaded 

 with black, sparsely covered with long recumbent white hairs that 

 become fuscous along the extreme edge of the dorsum ; the black 

 occupies the basal half of the cell and extends along the lower 

 margin of its apical half to base of vein 4, from whence it narrows 

 and is carried obliquely down to near the tornal angle ; beyond 

 the cell there are two black-encircled red spots, one in interspace 5, 

 the other in interspace 7; these are followed by a postdiscal, 

 generally complete, curved series of black lunular marks and a 

 narrow terminal dusky-black band, bounded by an anticiliary jet- 

 black line as on the fore wing; cilia yellowish white. Underside : 

 with the usual glassy appearance, the markings of the upper- 

 side showing through by transparency ; the following, however, are 

 marked more or less by actual scaling : the medial and apical 

 black cellular bars on the fore wing ; the red black-encircled spots 

 on the hind wing, with three additional red spots outwardly mar- 

 gined with black at the base of the same wing, the posterior two 

 of these basal red spots are large and somewhat pear-shaped. 



