reddish line. Again, many specimens have an irregular angulated 

 narrow discal reddish line (the colour varies in intensity) that 

 runs from the costa obliquely outwards to vein 7, and then 

 obliquely inwards to vein 2. though this line is often absent in 

 specimens that bear the discocellular spot; apex and termen 

 sometimes very narrowly reddish. Hind wing : typically uniform, 

 without markings ; in var. catilla there is a single small spot at the 

 end of the cell similar to that on the fore wing, sometimes this 

 spot is much larger with a narrow outer reddish ring, sometimes 

 it is accompanied by a similar spot at base of interspace 5 ; when 

 two spots are present they m;iy be entirely separate, or theii' 

 outer rings may coalesce; again, some specimens have a highly 

 irregular discal reddish line (often reduced to a series of minute 

 spots) that extends from the costa to vein 1 ; finally, the majority 

 of specimens ha\e a series of minute red terminal dots at the 

 apices of the veins. $. Uppersi.de: ground-colour varies as in 

 the c?, but sometimes it is chalky white at the bases of the 

 wings, with the terminal margins more or less broadly sulphur- 

 yellow. Fore wing : alw ays with a round, occasionally quadrate, 

 black discocellular spot variable in size; in some specimens the 

 costa is black only towards the apex of the wing, in others broadly 

 black throughout and opposite the apex of cell so widened out as 

 to touch the discocellular spot. In lightly-marked specimens in 

 addition to the discocellular spot, there is only an irregular 

 terminal black band dentate inwardly and widest at the apex of 

 the wing; in others there is in addition a more or less diffuse 

 highly-curved nmcular postdiscal band that extends from the costa 

 obliquely outwards down to vein 7, where it often touches the 

 terminal black band, and thence is continued downward and 

 slightly inclined inwards to interspace 1, getting gradually paler 

 and fiii nter posteriorly. Hind wing : a series of terminal inter- 

 spacial black spots that vary in size, and in the dark forms coalesce 

 into a terminal black band. Underside : varies from white with 

 a light yellowish sometimes ochraceous tinge to deep chrome- 

 yellow; markings as in the d" , but still more variable; in var. 

 catilla the spot at the apex of the cell in both fore and hind wings 

 is enlarged into a large reddish blotch, the similar spot on the 

 hind wing is sometimes so enlarged as to occupy the apex of the 

 cell, the basal two-thirds of interspaces 4, 5 and G, and the 

 middle third of interspace 7 ; in some specimens it is continued 

 posteriorly in a series of obscure lunules to interspace 1 a. 

 Antennae red, obscurely dotted with black, palpi and head above 

 red, thorax clothed with long yellow, sometimes greenish hairs, 

 abdomen pale yellow; beneath: palpi and thorax pale to dark 

 yellow, abdorcen white. 



Exp. rf $ 46-87 mm. (1-8-3-4"). 



Hub. Nearly throughout our limits, except in the desert tract* ; 

 extending to Siam, China, and the Malayan Subregion to Australi;i. 



Larva. Mr. Bell describes the larva of C. catilla C. crocale 

 thus:" The head is round, green, the clypeus edged with brown, 



