21 



Genus HY-ffiNODON, Laizer and Parieu 1 . 

 Syn. Taxotherium, Blainville 2 (teste P. Gervais). 

 Eutemnodus, Bravard, MS. 



Dentition: 1. 1, C. |, Pm. |, M. |. Cope 3 gives the number of 

 cheek-teeth as Pm. |, M. |, reckoning the fourth upper tooth as a 

 molar instead of a premolar. If, however, the crania of Hycenodon and 

 Pterodon, figured by Filhol in the Ann. Soc. Sci. Phys. N"at. Toulouse, 

 1882, pis. i. & ii., be compared together, it will be pretty evident 

 that the fourth cheek-tooth in the two specimens is homologous ; 

 and it is quite clear that this tooth is a premolar in Pterodon. 

 Filhol, in the Ann. Sci. Geol. vol. vii. art. 7, p. 211, remarks that 

 Hycenodon vulpinus differs from all the other species by the presence 

 of six in place of seven upper cheek-teeth ; but the present writer 

 has never seen any instance of the presence of m. 3 in any species, 

 and it is certainly wanting in all the specimens figured by Filhol. 



The genus is abundantly distributed in the Lower Tertiaries of 

 Europe and Xorth America, and one species (or a closely allied 

 form) has been described from the Siwaliks of India (vide infra). 



Hysenodon heberti, Filhol 1 . 



This is the largest European species of the genus. It has not 

 hitherto been recorded from Vaucluse. 

 Hob. France. 



26749. The greater part of the right ramus of the mandible 5 , con- 

 taining the whole of the cheek-dentition and the canine ; 

 from the Upper Eocene of Debruge, near Apt (Vaucluse), 



1 Comptes Kendus, vol. vii. p. 442 (1838). 



2 Osteographie,' Genus Subursm, p. 55 (1841). TaxotJierium is identified 

 with Hycsnodon on the authority of P. Gervais (Zool. et Pal. Fran9- 2nd edit. 

 pp. 232-235) ; but it is very doubtful what Taxotherium (Hycenodon) parisiense 

 really is. Gervais refers Pomel's Pterodon cuvieri to it ; but that species seems 

 to be the same as Pterodon dasyuroides. 



3 Amer. Nat. 1884, p. 345. 



4 Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 6, vol. xi. pp. 16-21 (1874). 



5 This and other specimens from Vaucluse have been hitherto labelled 

 H. requieni ; but they are of much larger size, as will be shown below. Some 

 (e. g. No. 28203) are entered in Bravard's MS. Catalogue as Eutemnodus eury- 

 rhynckus, Bravard. The same generic term has been employed by Bravard 

 (vide H. Gervais and Ameghino, ' Les Mammiferes fossiles de 1'Amerique du 

 Sud,' p. 21 [1880]) for a fossil Carnivore from the Pleistocene of S. America, 

 which cannot now be identified. It would be very remarkable if Hycenodon 

 were found in those deposits. 



