236 UNGULATA. 



specimen is the same as the last. It is figured in pi. xxv. 

 fig. 3 of the memoir cited. 



Presented by the Superintendent of the 

 Geological Survey of India, 1883. 



Anthracotherium magnum, Cuvier 1 . 



Three very large species of Anthracotheres have been described, 

 viz. : A. magnum, typically, from the Lower Miocene of Cadibona, 

 Italy ; A. valdense, Kowalevsky 2 , from the Lower Miocene lignites 

 of Rochette, near Lausanne, Switzerland ; and A. illyricum, Teller 3 , 

 from the Miocene lignites of South Styria. The second species is 

 considerably larger than most individuals of the typical Cadibona 

 form of A. magnum ; and is also distinguished by the presence of a 

 small talon behind the third lobe of m. 3, by a difference in the 

 inclination of the incisors, and in the proportion of the skeleton, as 

 well as by the apparent absence of a projection on the inferior border 

 of the outer side of the mandible. The third species is also some- 

 what larger than the typical form of A. magnum, from which it differs 

 by the excessive shortness of the antero-posterior diameter of m. 1, 

 as well as by differences in cranial characters, the form of the 

 cranium being strikingly like that of Hippopotamus. It does not 

 appear that the later upper molars of these three species present any 

 very well-marked distinctive characters beyond differences in size, 

 although differences are noticed in A. illyricum. A large Anthraco- 

 there occurs in the Quercy phosphorites, which Kowalevsky was 

 inclined to consider as distinct, both from A. magnum and A. val- 

 dense ; and its first upper true molar is quite different from that of 

 A. illyricum. Filhol 4 , however, refers the Quercy form to A. 

 magnum ; and this view is provisionally adopted here, although the 

 question cannot be considered settled until a complete cranium be 

 obtained. Some of the molars of the Quercy form agree very nearly 

 in size with those of the largest specimens of the typical A. magnum ; 

 and since there is such a variation in the size of the teeth from Cadi- 

 bona referred to that species, no distinction on this ground can appa- 

 rently be drawn between the Cadibona and Quercy forms ; and it 



1 Ossemens Fossiles, 2nd ed. vol. iii. p. 398 (1822). Grande Espece 

 d' Anthracotherium. 



2 Palseontographica, vol. xxii. p. 338 (1874 ; vol. dated 1876). Plate xii. 

 is lettered A. magnum. The plates are reproduced by Renevier in the Bull. 

 Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, vol. xvi. p. 140 (1879). 



3 Beitr. Pal. Ost.-TJng. vol. iv. pt. 1, p. 63 (1884). 



4 Ann. Sci. Geol. vol. viii. art. 1, p. 174 (1877). 



