96 CELL INTELLIGENCE THE CAUSE OF EVOLUTION 



only place themselves side by side and in this position 

 give rise each to its own group of chromosomes." 



"The difference between the two sexes is probably due 

 to the physiological division of labor between the two 

 germ cells, the spermatozoon being motile and very small, 

 while the egg contains a large amount of protoplasm and 

 yolk. The evidence is steadily accumulating, that reduc- 

 tion is accomplished by two maturation divisions through- 

 out the animal kingdom, even in the unicellular forms. 

 The one fact of maturation that stands out with perfect 

 clearness and certainty amid all the controversy sur- 

 rounding it, is a reduction of the number of chromosomes 

 in the ultimate germ cells to one-half the number char- 

 acteristic of the somatic cells. It is equally clear that 

 this reduction is a preparation of the germ cells for their 

 subsequent union and a means by which the number of 

 chromosomes is held constantly in the species." 



You will notice that the actions of the individuals which 

 compose the cell show that they are very careful not to 

 lose any of the crowds of specifically skilled workers ; 

 that great care is exercised to see that the division is ex- 

 actly equal. The one who always takes charge of the act 

 of division is known as the centrosome. You will also 

 notice from Mr. Wilson's statement, that the group of 

 workers in the nucleus do not "fuse," as we used to think 

 when we did not have microscopes powerful enough to 

 see what became of them. You will notice that they sim- 

 ply remain side by side and apparently do so during the 

 entire life of the individual. From the evidence before us 

 now it begins to look quite clear how the cell can and does 

 build a structure like a plant or animal. A cell is a com- 

 bination of a multitude of highly organized and special- 

 ized primordial beings. The cell contains in itself num- 

 erous crowds of specifically skilled workers, numbering 



