158 CELL, INTELLIGENCE THE CAUSE OF EVOLUTION 



the four secondary germ layers, we may make the surpris- 

 ing discovery that these same four germ layers exist, not 

 only in all vertebrates but also in all higher inverte- 

 brates and that they are everywhere concerned in the 

 same way in forming the fundamental organs of the body. 

 And if then we inquire into the origin of these four sec- 

 ondary germ layers, we find that they develope from the 

 two primary germ layers, which are identical in all ani- 

 mals with the exception of the lowest division, the pro- 

 tista. Finally we see that the cells which compose the 

 two primary germ layers universally originate by fission 

 from a single simple cell, from the egg cell." 



You will notice from this statement that the course of 

 development or building of an animal, including man, 

 takes place in the same manner in one animal as in an- 

 other, and his illustrations clearly show the similarity of 

 all animals in the lower stages of development. Figs. 

 30 and 31 show how the cell begins with the small 

 and simple and gradually builds the complicated living 

 structures. You see in the turtle how the cells have out- 

 lined the shape and frame of the shell. It shows that 

 every move is for the purpose of building a moveable cell 

 colony, which shall be covered with a protective armor. 

 In the same manner you can see a purpose and intention 

 of the builders in any other structure, as soon as it is 

 partly completed, just as you can see in a partly com- 

 pleted house or automobile the intention of the builders. 

 You can see a purpose in every act ; every brick and piece 

 of material must be placed exactly where it belongs ; 

 every part of the machine must be placed with a purpose 

 and intention of working in harmony with every other 

 part. 



A being without intelligence could never work in this 

 way with a purpose and with an intention of producing 



